逆
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
| ||||||||
Han character
逆 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿山 (YTU), four-corner 38304, composition ⿺辶屰)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1256, character 30
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38849
- Dae Jaweon: page 1741, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3833, character 2
- Unihan data for U+9006
Glyph origin
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 斥 | *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ |
| 訴 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 泝 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 愬 | *sŋaːɡs, *sŋreːɡ |
| 遡 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 塑 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 溯 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 遻 | *ŋaːɡs |
| 柝 | *tŋ̊ʰaːɡ |
| 鶚 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 諤 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 齶 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鍔 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 遌 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 崿 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 偔 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 堮 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 湂 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鱷 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 噩 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 咢 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鑩 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鄂 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鰐 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 萼 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 愕 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 顎 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 朔 | *sŋraːɡ |
| 槊 | *sraːwɢ |
| 蒴 | *sraːwɢ |
| 坼 | *tŋ̊ʰraːɡ |
| 拆 | *tŋ̊ʰraːɡ |
| 逆 | *ŋraɡ |
| 屰 | *ŋraɡ |
| 縌 | *ŋraɡ |
| 蝷 | *reːɡ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋraɡ) : semantic 辶 (“movement”) + phonetic 屰 (OC *ŋraɡ, “go against”) – going in the opposite direction, contrary, disobedient.
Also originally written 屰, see there for more.
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋra-k/ŋ (“to meet; to encounter”). Cognate with 迎 (OC *ŋaŋ, *ŋraŋs, “to receive, to welcome; to face, to go against”) and 額 (OC *ŋɡraːɡ, “forehead”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nyie2
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): nieh5
- Northern Min (KCR): ngà̤
- Eastern Min (BUC): ngĭk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8gniq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): nyi6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: nì
- Wade–Giles: ni4
- Yale: nì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nih
- Palladius: ни (ni)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ni⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: nyie2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: nie
- Sinological IPA (key): /nʲiɛ²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jik6 / ngaak6
- Yale: yihk / ngaahk
- Cantonese Pinyin: jik9 / ngaak9
- Guangdong Romanization: yig6 / ngag6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɪk̚²/, /ŋaːk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- jik6 - literary;
- ngaak6 - vernacular.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ngak5
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵑɡak̚³²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngia̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: ngiag
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngiag6
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯ak̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: nieh5
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /niəʔ⁵⁴/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngà̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɛ⁴²/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ngĭk
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋiʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ge̍k
- Tâi-lô: gi̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: gek
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡiɪk̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɡiɪk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gia̍k
- Tâi-lô: gia̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: giak
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /ɡiak̚²⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ngêg8 / ngiag8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nge̍k / ngia̍k
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋek̚⁴/, /ŋiak̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: nyi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /n̠ʲi²⁴/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: ngjaek
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋrak/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋraɡ/
Definitions
逆
- (literary) to greet; to meet; to welcome
- 大夫逆於竟者，執其手而與之言，道逆者，自車揖之，逆於門者，頷之而已。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Dàfū nì yú jìng zhě, zhí qí shǒu ér yǔ zhī yán, dào nì zhě, zì chē yī zhī, nì yú mén zhě, hàn zhī ér yǐ. [Pinyin]
- Of the great officers who met him at the borders, he took the hands, and spoke with them. To those who met him [afterwards] on the road, he bowed, [saluting them with his hands]. To those [who were waiting] at the gate, he only nodded.
大夫逆于竟者，执其手而与之言，道逆者，自车揖之，逆于门者，颔之而已。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (literary) to meet the enemy head-on
- (literary) to accept
- opposite
- to go against; to disobey
- to resist; to reject
- to rebel; to betray
- adverse; unfavourable
- 逆境 ― nìjìng ― adverse situations
- rebel; traitor
- in advance
Compounds
- 亂臣逆子／乱臣逆子
- 亂逆／乱逆 (luànnì)
- 以意逆志
- 倒行逆施 (dàoxíngnìshī)
- 凶逆
- 反逆 (fǎnnì)
- 叛逆 (pànnì)
- 可逆反應／可逆反应 (kěnì fǎnyìng)
- 吐逆
- 呃逆 (ènì)
- 嘔逆／呕逆
- 大逆 (dànì)
- 大逆不孝
- 大逆不道 (dànìbùdào)
- 大逆無道／大逆无道 (dànìwúdào)
- 封筒逆封
- 忠言逆耳 (zhōngyánnì'ěr)
- 忤逆 (wǔnì)
- 忤逆不孝 (wǔnì bùxiào)
- 悖逆 (bèinì)
- 惡逆／恶逆
- 抗逆力 (kàngnìlì)
- 批逆鱗／批逆鳞
- 拂逆
- 昏逆
- 本末舛逆
- 桀逆放恣
- 橫逆／横逆
- 氣逆／气逆
- 目逆
- 相視莫逆／相视莫逆
- 篡逆 (cuànnì)
- 罪逆深重
- 背逆
- 舛逆
- 莫逆 (mònì)
- 莫逆之交 (mònìzhījiāo)
- 莫逆之友
- 莫逆之契
- 莫逆交
- 衝波逆折／冲波逆折
- 襲逆／袭逆
- 覆逆
- 觸逆／触逆
- 討逆除暴／讨逆除暴
- 誅凶殄逆
- 誅凶討逆／诛凶讨逆
- 誅暴討逆／诛暴讨逆
- 誖逆
- 謀逆／谋逆 (móunì)
- 謀逆不軌／谋逆不轨
- 貿易逆差／贸易逆差
- 賊臣逆子／贼臣逆子
- 逆亂／逆乱 (nìluàn)
- 逆事
- 逆來順受／逆来顺受 (nìláishùnshòu)
- 逆倫／逆伦
- 逆光 (nìguāng)
- 逆入平出
- 逆勢／逆势
- 逆取順守／逆取顺守
- 逆叛
- 逆向 (nìxiàng)
- 逆向公車／逆向公车
- 逆向思考
- 逆向整合
- 逆命
- 逆境 (nìjìng)
- 逆增
- 逆天悖理
- 逆天暴物
- 逆天犯順／逆天犯顺
- 逆天背理
- 逆天違理／逆天违理
- 逆女
- 逆子 (nìzǐ)
- 逆子賊臣／逆子贼臣
- 逆家子
- 逆差 (nìchā)
- 逆序
- 逆折
- 逆接
- 逆料 (nìliào)
- 逆旅 (nìlǚ)
- 逆水 (nìshuǐ)
- 逆水行舟 (nìshuǐxíngzhōu)
- 逆流 (nìliú)
- 逆溫／逆温
- 逆溯
- 逆溫層／逆温层
- 逆理違天／逆理违天
- 逆產／逆产
- 逆睹
- 逆知
- 逆耳 (nì'ěr)
- 逆耳之言
- 逆耳利行
- 逆耳忠言
- 逆臣賊子／逆臣贼子
- 逆行 (nìxíng)
- 逆行倒施
- 逆訪／逆访
- 逆詐／逆诈
- 逆證／逆证
- 逆豎／逆竖 (nìshù)
- 逆賊／逆贼 (nìzéi)
- 逆轉／逆转 (nìzhuǎn)
- 逆道亂常／逆道乱常
- 逆鋒／逆锋
- 逆風／逆风 (nìfēng)
- 逆風撐船／逆风撑船
- 逆鱗／逆鳞 (nìlín)
- 違逆／违逆 (wéinì)
- 附逆
- 順我者昌，逆我者亡／顺我者昌，逆我者亡 (shùn wǒ zhě chāng, nì wǒ zhě wáng)
- 頑逆／顽逆
- 高空逆溫／高空逆温
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ke̍h
- Tâi-lô: ke̍h
- Phofsit Daibuun: keh
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /keʔ⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /keʔ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ke̍eh
- Tâi-lô: ke̍eh
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɛʔ¹²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gêh8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ke̍h
- Sinological IPA (key): /keʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
Definitions
逆
- (Hokkien, Teochew) to oppose; to go against
- (Xiamen Hokkien) unable to be harmonious
- (Hokkien) to be stuck in (something)
- (Hokkien) to impede; to hinder
- (Teochew) to quit (something bad)
Compounds
Wikiwand in your browser!
Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.
Every time you click a link to Wikipedia, Wiktionary or Wikiquote in your browser's search results, it will show the modern Wikiwand interface.
Wikiwand extension is a five stars, simple, with minimum permission required to keep your browsing private, safe and transparent.
