Top Qs
Timeline
Chat
Perspective
造
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Remove ads
| ||||||||
Translingual
Han character
造 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+7, 11 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 10 strokes in simplified Chinese and Japanese, cangjie input 卜竹土口 (YHGR), four-corner 34306, composition ⿺辶告)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1258, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38898
- Dae Jaweon: page 1746, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3841, character 6
- Unihan data for U+9020
Remove ads
Chinese
Glyph origin
Bronze script (per 漢語多功能字庫): Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *skʰuːɡs, *sɡuːʔ): semantic 辶 (“to walk”) + phonetic 屮 (sʰuːʔ) + semantic 口.
Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *skʰuːɡs, *sɡuːʔ): semantic 辶 (“to walk”) + phonetic 告 (OC *kuːɡs, *kuːɡ).
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): cau5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): cau3
- Northern Min (KCR): càu
- Eastern Min (BUC): cô̤
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cor4
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6zau / 6dzau
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): cau4 / zau5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zào
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zào
- Wade–Giles: tsao4
- Yale: dzàu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaw
- Palladius: цзао (czao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: cao4 / zao4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: cao / zao
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰau²¹³/, /t͡sau²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zou6
- Yale: jouh
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzou6
- Guangdong Romanization: zou6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sou̯²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: dau5
- Sinological IPA (key): /tau³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: cau5
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰau¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chho
- Hakka Romanization System: co
- Hagfa Pinyim: co4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰo⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: co˖
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰo³³/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: cau3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰau⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: càu
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sau⁴²/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cô̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɔ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: cor4
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cho̤̍
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɒ⁴²/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- Quanzhou:
- chǒ - vernacular;
- chǒ͘ - literary.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: dzawX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[dzˤ]uʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sɡuːʔ/
Definitions
造
- to make; to build; to manufacture
- 造船 ― zàochuán ― to build a ship
- 仿造 ― fǎngzào ― to produce something after a model; to copy
- 創造／创造 ― chuàngzào ― to create
- 造房子 ― zào fángzǐ ― to build a house
- 造輿論／造舆论 ― zào yúlùn ― to manufacture public opinion
- 造軍艦／造军舰 ― zào jūnjiàn ― to manufacture a warship
- 萬物是藉著他造的；凡被造的，沒有一樣不是藉著他造的。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version), 約翰福音 (John) 1:3
- Wànwù shì jièzhe tā zào de; fán bèi zào de, méiyǒu yī yàng bùshì jièzhe tā zào de. [Pinyin]
- All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.
万物是借着他造的；凡被造的，没有一样不是借着他造的。 [MSC, simp.]
- to make up; to fabricate
- (literary) to start
- (literary) to establish
- (dialectal) harvest of crops
- 早造 ― zǎozào ― early crops
- (dialectal) Classifier for harvests.
Synonyms
Compounds
- 不造
- 主情造意
- 乾坤再造 / 干坤再造
- 乾造 / 干造
- 人造 (rénzào)
- 仿造 (fǎngzào)
- 修造 (xiūzào)
- 假造 (jiǎzào)
- 偽造 / 伪造 (wěizào)
- 偽造文書 / 伪造文书
- 儲油構造 / 储油构造
- 內造 / 内造
- 兩造 / 两造
- 再造 (zàizào)
- 再造之恩 (zàizàozhī'ēn)
- 創意造言 / 创意造言
- 創造 / 创造 (chuàngzào)
- 創造力 / 创造力 (chuàngzàolì)
- 向壁虛造 / 向壁虚造 (xiàngbìxūzào)
- 合造
- 坤造
- 埋鍋造飯 / 埋锅造饭 (mái guō zàofàn)
- 填海造地 (tiánhǎizàodì)
- 塑造 (sùzào)
- 壓枉造舌 / 压枉造舌
- 大造
- 天地造化
- 天造
- 天造地設 / 天造地设 (tiānzàodìshè)
- 好造化
- 媒體造勢 / 媒体造势
- 對造 / 对造 (duìzào)
- 屣履造門 / 屣履造门
- 嵌版構造 / 嵌版构造
- 嵌造 (qiànzào)
- 巧同造化
- 建造 (jiànzào)
- 恩同再造
- 憑空捏造 / 凭空捏造
- 打火造飯 / 打火造饭
- 打造 (dǎzào)
- 承造
- 抄造
- 指瑕造隙
- 捏造 (niēzào)
- 搬是造非
- 改造 (gǎizào)
- 新造邦
- 木造 (mùzào)
- 末造 (mòzào)
- 板塊構造 / 板块构造 (bǎnkuài gòuzào)
- 構造 / 构造 (gòuzào)
- 構造地震 / 构造地震
- 模造紙 / 模造纸
- 沒造化 / 没造化
- 沒造化的 / 没造化的
- 深造 (shēnzào)
- 添造
- 混造黑白
- 濫造 / 滥造
- 為情造文 / 为情造文
- 營造 / 营造 (yíngzào)
- 營造尺 / 营造尺
- 營造法式 / 营造法式
- 生情造意
- 監造 / 监造
- 矯揉造作 / 矫揉造作 (jiǎoróuzàozuò)
- 秀才造反
- 積衰新造 / 积衰新造
- 空中造雨
- 空造
- 立馬造橋 / 立马造桥
- 筆參造化 / 笔参造化
- 筆補造化 / 笔补造化
- 粗製濫造 / 粗制滥造 (cūzhìlànzào)
- 締造 / 缔造 (dìzào)
- 編造 / 编造 (biānzào)
- 織造 / 织造
- 肇造
- 臆造 (yìzào)
- 良造
- 蒙恬造筆 / 蒙恬造笔
- 蓋造 / 盖造
- 製造 / 制造 (zhìzào)
- 製造品 / 制造品
- 製造商 / 制造商 (zhìzàoshāng)
- 製造業 / 制造业 (zhìzàoyè)
- 訂造 / 订造
- 變造 / 变造
- 變造文書 / 变造文书
- 貴造 / 贵造
- 賤造 / 贱造
- 趕造 / 赶造
- 造亂 / 造乱
- 造人 (zàorén)
- 造作
- 造假 (zàojiǎ)
- 造像
- 造像記 / 造像记
- 造價 / 造价 (zàojià)
- 造勢 / 造势 (zàoshì)
- 造化
- 造化小兒 / 造化小儿
- 造化弄人
- 造反 (zàofǎn)
- 造反派 (Zàofǎn pài)
- 造句 (zàojù)
- 造命
- 造園 / 造园
- 造型 (zàoxíng)
- 造士
- 造天立極 / 造天立极
- 造孽 (zàoniè)
- 造山運動 / 造山运动
- 造幣廠 / 造币厂
- 造府
- 造形 (zàoxíng)
- 造形藝術 / 造形艺术
- 造微入妙
- 造愛 / 造爱
- 造成 (zàochéng)
- 造林 (zàolín)
- 造格
- 造橋 / 造桥 (Zàoqiáo)
- 造次 (zàocì)
- 造次顛沛 / 造次颠沛
- 造父
- 造物 (zàowù)
- 造物主 (Zàowùzhǔ)
- 造物者 (zàowùzhě)
- 造畜稠棧 / 造畜稠栈
- 造福 (zàofú)
- 造端
- 造紙 / 造纸 (zàozhǐ)
- 造罪
- 造船 (zàochuán)
- 造船工業 / 造船工业
- 造船廠 / 造船厂 (zàochuánchǎng)
- 造言惑眾 / 造言惑众
- 造言生事
- 造詞 / 造词
- 造謠 / 造谣 (zàoyáo)
- 造謠惑眾 / 造谣惑众 (zàoyáo huòzhòng)
- 造謗生事 / 造谤生事
- 造謠生事 / 造谣生事 (zàoyáoshēngshì)
- 造陸 / 造陆 (zàolù)
- 造陸運動 / 造陆运动
- 造馬 / 造马 (zàomǎ)
- 鄉壁虛造 / 乡壁虚造 (xiàngbìxūzào)
- 釀造 / 酿造 (niàngzào)
- 鍛造 / 锻造 (duànzào)
- 鑄造 / 铸造 (zhùzào)
- 閉門造車 / 闭门造车
- 陳造 / 陈造
- 龍門造像 / 龙门造像
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Eastern Min (BUC): chó̤
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhò
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zào
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zào
- Wade–Giles: tsao4
- Yale: dzàu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaw
- Palladius: цзао (czao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, literary variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: cào
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄠˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cào
- Wade–Giles: tsʻao4
- Yale: tsàu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsaw
- Palladius: цао (cao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cou3
- Yale: chou
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsou3
- Guangdong Romanization: cou3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰou̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: dau5
- Sinological IPA (key): /tau³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chó̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: tshawH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*(mə-)tsʰˤuʔ-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*skʰuːɡs/
Definitions
造
Compounds
Etymology 3
A colloquial pronunciation of 作 (MC tsak) (Zhang, 2020).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zào
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zào
- Wade–Giles: tsao4
- Yale: dzàu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaw
- Palladius: цзао (czao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
造
- (regional Mandarin) A delexical verb.
- to eat
- to use or spend recklessly; to ruin
- (alt. form 躁) to trample
- 19th century, Wenkang, chapter 38, in 兒女英雄傳:
- 老爺連忙回過身來，不想那人一個躱不及，一倒脚又正造在老爺脚上那個跥指兒雞眼上。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- Lǎoye liánmáng huí guò shēn lái, bùxiǎng nà rén yī ge duǒ bù jí, yī dǎo jiǎo yòu zhèng zào zài lǎoye jiǎo shàng nà ge duòzhǐr jīyǎn shàng. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
老爷连忙回过身来，不想那人一个躲不及，一倒脚又正造在老爷脚上那个跺指儿鸡眼上。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
Etymology 4
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zào
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zào
- Wade–Giles: tsao4
- Yale: dzàu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaw
- Palladius: цзао (czao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cou5
- Yale: chóuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsou5
- Guangdong Romanization: cou5
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰou̯¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
造
Etymology 5
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zào
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zào
- Wade–Giles: tsao4
- Yale: dzàu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaw
- Palladius: цзао (czao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
造
Etymology 6
| For pronunciation and definitions of 造 – see 𢲵 (“(Sichuan) to stir; to flip over; to rummage”). (This character is a variant form of 𢲵). |
References
- “造”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04146
- Zhang, Weidong (张卫东) (2020) “从谚解《老乞大》看北京官话文白异读和京剧“上口字””, in 中国语文, number 4, pages 458–80, see page 466.
Remove ads
Japanese
Korean
Vietnamese
Wikiwand - on
Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.
Remove ads