構造

See also: 构造

Chinese

		Broussonetia papyrifera; to construct; to form Broussonetia papyrifera; to construct; to form; to make up; to compose	to make; to build; to invent to make; to build; to invent; to manufacture
trad. (構造)		構	造
simp. (构造)		构	造

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gòuzào

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄡˋ ㄗㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kau³ zou⁶ / gau³ zou⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kiò-chǒ / kò͘-chō

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gòuzào
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄡˋ ㄗㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gòuzào
    • Wade–Giles: kou⁴-tsao⁴
    • Yale: gòu-dzàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gowtzaw
    • Palladius: гоуцзао (gouczao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /koʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: kau³ zou⁶ / gau³ zou⁶
    • Yale: kau jouh / gau jouh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kau³ dzou⁶ / gau³ dzou⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: keo³ zou⁶ / geo³ zou⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɐu̯³³ t͡sou̯²²/, /kɐu̯³³ t͡sou̯²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiò-chǒ
    • Tâi-lô: kiò-tsǒ
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kio⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡so²²/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kò͘-chō
    • Tâi-lô: kòo-tsō
    • Phofsit Daibuun: korzoi
    • IPA (Taipei): /kɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡so³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kɔ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡so²²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sɤ³³/

Noun

構造

1. structure; construction (Classifier: 個／个 m)

Synonyms

edit

• 佈局／布局 (bùjú)
• 建築／建筑 (jiànzhù) (figurative)
• 架構／架构 (jiàgòu)
• 框架 (kuàngjià)
• 構成／构成 (gòuchéng)
• 構架／构架 (gòujià)
• 組成／组成 (zǔchéng)
• 結構／结构 (jiégòu)
• 骨 (figurative)
• 骨架 (gǔjià) (figurative)

 

Verb

構造

1. to build; to construct
2. (archaic) to fabricate; to concoct; to make up a false set of facts

Synonyms

• (to build):

edit

• 修建 (xiūjiàn)
• 修築／修筑 (xiūzhù)
• 塑建 (sùjiàn)
• 建構／建构 (jiàngòu) (something abstract)
• 建築／建筑 (jiànzhù) (literally or figuratively)
• 建設／建设 (jiànshè)
• 建造 (jiànzào)
• 搭 (Hokkien)
• 搭建 (dājiàn)
• 搭蓋／搭盖 (dāgài) (a temporary structure)
• 搭設／搭设 (dāshè)
• 架構／架构 (jiàgòu)
• 構作／构作 (gòuzuò)
• 構建／构建 (gòujiàn) (something abstract)
• 構築／构筑 (gòuzhù)
• 營造／营造 (yíngzào)
• 版築／版筑 (bǎnzhù) (literary)
• 築／筑 (zhù) (literary, or in compounds)
• 築造／筑造 (zhùzào)
• 興修／兴修 (xīngxiū) (a large project)
• 興建／兴建 (xīngjiàn)
• 興築／兴筑 (xīngzhù) (literary)
• 起立 (qǐlì)

 

• (to fabricate):

edit

• 假造 (jiǎzào)
• 偽造／伪造 (wěizào)
• 土統／土统 (Hokkien)
• 捏 (niē) (literary, or in compounds)
• 捏造 (niēzào)
• 杜撰 (dùzhuàn)
• 桶摃／桶𫼱 (Hokkien)
• 瞎編／瞎编 (xiābiān)
• 編製／编制 (biānzhì) (figurative)
• 編造／编造 (biānzào)
• 胡編／胡编 (húbiān)
• 臆造 (yìzào)
• 莫之莫捏 (Hokkien)
• 莫捏 (Hokkien)
• 虛構／虚构 (xūgòu)
• 造謠／造谣 (zàoyáo)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (構造):

• → Japanese: 構造(こうぞう) (kōzō)
• → Korean: 구조(構造) (gujo)
• → Vietnamese: cấu tạo (構造)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
構	造
こう Grade: 5	ぞう Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) こーぞー [kòózóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [ko̞ːzo̞ː]

Noun

構(こう)造(ぞう) • (kōzō) 

1. structure; construction

Derived terms

• 構造的
• 構造異性
• 構造遺伝子
• 構造運動
• 構造改革論
• 構造化プログラミング
• 構造言語学
• 構造式
• 構造主義
• 構造地震
• 構造線
• 構造不況
• 構造力学

References

1. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
構	造

Noun

構造 • (gujo) (hangeul 구조)

1. hanja form^? of 구조 (“structure”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
構	造

Noun

構造

1. chữ Hán form of cấu tạo (“composition, structure”).

Verb

構造

1. chữ Hán form of cấu tạo (“to compose, to construct”).