醒
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Translingual
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Han character
醒 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+9, 16 strokes, cangjie input 一田日竹一 (MWAHM), four-corner 16614, composition ⿰酉星)
Derived characters
- 𫬞
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1285, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39936
- Dae Jaweon: page 1785, character 22
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3590, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9192
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 猜 | *sʰlɯː |
| 輤 | *sʰleːns |
| 綪 | *sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ |
| 倩 | *sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs |
| 棈 | *sʰleːns |
| 蒨 | *sʰeːns |
| 篟 | *sʰeːns |
| 生 | *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs |
| 牲 | *sreŋ |
| 笙 | *sreŋ |
| 甥 | *sreŋ |
| 鉎 | *sreŋ, *sleːŋ |
| 珄 | *sreŋ |
| 鼪 | *sreŋ, *sreŋs |
| 猩 | *sreŋ, *seːŋ |
| 狌 | *sreŋ |
| 眚 | *sreŋʔ |
| 貹 | *sreŋs |
| 崝 | *zreːŋ |
| 精 | *ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs |
| 菁 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 鶄 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 蜻 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 鼱 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 婧 | *ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ |
| 睛 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ |
| 箐 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 聙 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 旌 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 清 | *sʰleŋ |
| 圊 | *sʰleŋ |
| 請 | *sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ |
| 凊 | *sʰleŋs |
| 䝼 | *zleŋs, *zleŋ |
| 靚 | *zleŋs |
| 情 | *zleŋ |
| 晴 | *zleŋ |
| 夝 | *zleŋ |
| 靜 | *zleŋʔ |
| 靖 | *zleŋʔ |
| 睲 | *seŋʔ, *seːŋs |
| 惺 | *seŋʔ, *seːŋ |
| 性 | *sleŋs |
| 姓 | *sleŋs |
| 靗 | *l̥ʰeŋs |
| 鯖 | *ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 青 | *sʰleːŋ |
| 靘 | *sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs |
| 掅 | *sʰleːŋs |
| 胜 | *sleːŋ |
| 曐 | *sleːŋ |
| 星 | *sleːŋ |
| 鮏 | *sleːŋ |
| 腥 | *seːŋ, *seːŋs |
| 鯹 | *seːŋ |
| 醒 | *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs |
| 篂 | *seːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs): semantic 酉 (“alcohol”) + phonetic 星 (OC *sleːŋ).
Etymology
Cognate with 清 (OC *sʰleŋ, “clear”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): chāng / chiāng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ca3 / cann3 / sing3
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5shin
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xǐng
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sǐng
- Wade–Giles: hsing3
- Yale: syǐng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiing
- Palladius: син (sin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕiŋ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xīng
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sing
- Wade–Giles: hsing1
- Yale: syīng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shing
- Palladius: син (sin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: xin3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xin
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕin⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: seng2 / sing2 / sing1
- Yale: séng / síng / sīng
- Cantonese Pinyin: seng2 / sing2 / sing1
- Guangdong Romanization: séng2 / xing2 / xing1
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɛːŋ³⁵/, /sɪŋ³⁵/, /sɪŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- seng2 - vernacular (“to awaken”);
- sing2 - literary (including “clever”);
- sing1 - literary, used only in poetry.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: lhiang2 / lhen2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬiaŋ⁵⁵/, /ɬen⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siáng
- Hakka Romanization System: xiangˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: xiang3
- Sinological IPA: /si̯aŋ³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: siangˊ
- Sinological IPA: /siaŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chāng / chiāng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰaŋ³³/, /t͡sʰiaŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ca3
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: châⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰa⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: cann3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰã³³²/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sing3
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sîng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬiŋ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sing3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬiŋ³³²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhíⁿ
- Tâi-lô: tshínn
- Phofsit Daibuun: chvie
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /t͡sʰĩ⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Lukang): /t͡sʰĩ⁵⁵/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen): /t͡sʰĩ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhéⁿ
- Tâi-lô: tshénn
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhvea
- IPA (Tainan, Yilan): /t͡sʰẽ⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰẽ⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɛ̃⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Philippines)
- chhíⁿ/chhéⁿ - vernacular (“to sober up; to awaken; to be awake; to become aware of; to be strikig”);
- séng - literary.
Note: lhen2 - literary.
Note:
- Middle Chinese: seng, sengX, sengH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-tsʰˤeŋʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*seːŋ/, /*seːŋʔ/, /*seːŋs/
Definitions
醒
- to sober up; to regain consciousness
- to awaken; to wake up
- 叫醒 ― jiàoxǐng ― to awaken
- to be awake
- to realize; to become aware of
- to be striking; to catch one's attention
- 醒目 ― xǐngmù ― eye-catching
- to keep dough till it reaches the desired state of softness, evenness, etc. (after mixing it)
- to decant (wine, etc.)
- (Cantonese) clever; intelligent; sharp
- (Cantonese) to gift
- (Hokkien) Classifier for frequency of sleep.
- 睏一醒／困一醒 [Taiwanese Hokkien] ― khùn chi̍t chhéⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to have one sleep period
Synonyms
Compounds
- 不醒
- 不醒人事 (bùxǐngrénshì)
- 久夢初醒 / 久梦初醒
- 半睡半醒
- 叫醒 (jiàoxǐng)
- 叫醒服務 / 叫醒服务
- 喚醒 / 唤醒 (huànxǐng)
- 大夢初醒 / 大梦初醒
- 大覺醒 / 大觉醒
- 如夢初醒 / 如梦初醒 (rúmèngchūxǐng)
- 如夢方醒 / 如梦方醒 (rúmèngfāngxǐng)
- 如醉初醒
- 如醉方醒
- 定醒
- 復醒 / 复醒
- 提醒 (tíxǐng)
- 昏迷不醒
- 清醒 (qīngxǐng)
- 猛醒
- 獨醒 / 独醒
- 甦醒 / 苏醒 (sūxǐng)
- 眾人皆醉我獨醒 / 众人皆醉我独醒 (zhòngrén jiē zuì wǒ dú xǐng)
- 眾醉獨醒 / 众醉独醒
- 蘇醒 / 苏醒 (sūxǐng)
- 覺醒 / 觉醒 (juéxǐng)
- 警醒 (jǐngxǐng)
- 醒世 (xǐngshì)
- 醒世恆言 / 醒世恒言 (Xǐngshì Héngyán)
- 醒來 / 醒来 (xǐnglái)
- 醒悟 (xǐngwù)
- 醒木
- 醒狂
- 醒目 (xǐngmù)
- 醒眼 (xǐngyǎn)
- 醒睡 (xǐngshuì)
- 醒脾
- 醒覺 / 醒觉
- 醒豁
- 醒酒 (xǐngjiǔ)
- 醒酒石
- 驚醒 / 惊醒
- 點醒 / 点醒 (diǎnxǐng)
Descendants
References
- “醒”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “醒”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 71.
- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “醒”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 265.
Japanese
Kanji
醒
- to wake up
- to become sober, to be disillusioned
Readings
Compounds
Korean
Hanja
Compounds
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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