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說

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also: 説 and 说
說 U+8AAA, 說
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8AAA
← 誩
[U+8AA9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 誫 →
[U+8AAB]
說 U+F96F, 說
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F96F
← 葉
[U+F96E] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 殺 →
[U+F970]
說 U+F9A1, 說
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9A1
← 裂
[U+F9A0] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 廉 →
[U+F9A2]

Translingual

More information Stroke order ...
Stroke order
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More information Traditional, Shinjitai ...
Traditional 說
Shinjitai 説
Simplified 说
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Han character

說 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜口金口山 (YRCRU), four-corner 08616, composition ⿰訁兌)

Derived characters

  • 𡁾

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1164, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35556
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1629, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 6, page 3979, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+8AAA

Chinese

More information trad., simp. ...
trad. 說/説
simp. 说
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Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 說, Warring States ...
Historical forms of the character 說
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script
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More information Old Chinese ...
Old Chinese
毤 *l̥ʰoːds
蛻 *l'oːds, *l̥ʰoːds, *hljods, *lod, *lod
娧 *l̥ʰoːds, *lod
駾 *l̥ʰoːds
裞 *l̥ʰoːds, *hljods
兌 *l'oːds
綐 *l'oːds
銳 *l'oːds, *lods
帨 *stʰods, *hljods
稅 *hljods
說 *hljods, *hljod, *lod
涚 *hljods
䫄 *rtʰoːd
脫 *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
侻 *l̥ʰoːd
挩 *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
莌 *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
梲 *l̥ʰoːd, *ʔljod, *l̥ʰuːd
鮵 *l'oːd
敓 *l'oːd
痥 *l'oːd
悅 *lod, *lod
閱 *lod
Close
Characters in the same phonetic series (兌) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hljods, *hljod, *lod): semantic 言 + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds).

Etymology

All of the pronunciations of this character are in the same word family apparently derived from a root *lo meaning “to loosen; to relax” (Schuessler, 2007); based on this, STEDT compares the word to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”), whence also 脫 (OC *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd, “to peel off, take off (clothes), escape, etc.”). However, STEDT also offers an alternative derivation from a provisional Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-tsyat (“to speak, say”), comparing Tibetan འཆད ('chad, “to say, explain”), which is semantically more appealing; the association with the words associated with "release" may be a case of phonetic pigeonholing.

According to the "release" theory, Pronunciation 1 is derived by causative devoicing of 悅 (OC *lod, “to relax; to be delighted”) (pronunciation 3).

Pronunciation 2 is probably the exoactive of pronunciation 1.

Pronunciation 1

More information Rime, Character ...
Rime
Character 說
Reading # 3/3
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 薛 (82)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 失爇切
Baxter sywet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɕiuᴇt̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɕʷiɛt̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɕjuæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɕwiat̚/
Li
Rong		 /ɕiuɛt̚/
Wang
Li		 /ɕĭuɛt̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren		 /ɕi̯wɛt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shuo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 syut3
Close
More information Character, Reading # ...
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 說
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shuō
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ sywet ›
Old
Chinese		 /*l̥ot/
English speak, explain

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Close
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 說
Reading # 2/3
No. 2571
Phonetic
component		 兑
Rime
group		 月
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 說
Old
Chinese		 /*hljod/
Close
Note: шә - dialectal.
Note:
  • sue5 - vernacular;
  • soeh6/syeh6 - literary.

Definitions

說

  1. to say; to speak
    說漢語／说汉语  ―  shuō Hànyǔ  ―  speak Chinese
    說話／说话  ―  shuōhuà  ―  to speak
    這就是我所說的。 [MSC, trad.]
    这就是我所说的。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè jiù shì wǒ suǒ shuō de. [Pinyin]
    That’s what I said.
  2. to explain
    把話說清楚／把话说清楚  ―  bǎ huà shuō qīngchǔ  ―  to make it clear
  3. to refer to
    是說你，不是說他。 [MSC, trad.]
    是说你，不是说他。 [MSC, simp.]
    Shì shuō nǐ, bùshì shuō tā. [Pinyin]
    I am talking about you, not them.
  4. to discuss
    沒有好說的。／没有好说的。  ―  Méiyǒu hǎo shuō de.  ―  There is nothing to say.
  5. to introduce; to bring parties together
    說媒／说媒  ―  shuōméi  ―  to act as a matchmaker
  6. to criticize; to scold; to upbraid
    你怎麼天天都說我？ [MSC, trad.]
    你怎么天天都说我？ [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ zěnme tiāntiān dōu shuō wǒ? [Pinyin]
    Why do you constantly criticize me?
  7. to perform
    說相聲／说相声  ―  shuō xiàngshēng  ―  to perform cross-talk
  8. theory; explanation
    學說／学说  ―  xuéshuō  ―  theory
    假說／假说  ―  jiǎshuō  ―  hypothesis
Synonyms
  • (to say):
More information Variety, Location ...
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 言, 云, 曰, 道
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 說, 道 literary
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 說
Taiwan 說, 講
Malaysia 說, 講
Singapore 說, 講
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 說
Jinan 說
Jiaoliao Mandarin Qingdao 說, 講
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 說
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 說
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 說
Wuhan 說
Guilin 講
Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) 講
Pematangsiantar 講
Jianghuai Mandarin Hefei 講
Cantonese Guangzhou 講, 話
Hong Kong 講, 話
Macau 講, 話
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 講, 話
Zhuhai (Doumen) 講
Taishan 話
Taishan (Guanghai) 講
Yunfu 話
Yangjiang 講, 話
Beihai 講
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 講
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 講
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 講
Danzhou 講
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 講, 話
Penang (Guangfu) 講, 話
Singapore (Guangfu) 講, 話
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 講
Móng Cái 講
Mandalay (Taishan) 講
Gan Nanchang 話
Hakka Meixian 講, 話
Wuhua (Meilin) 講
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 講
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 講
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 講
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 講
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 講
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 講
Hong Kong 講
Kuching (Hepo) 講
Singapore (Dabu) 講
Huizhou Jixi 講
Jin Taiyuan 說
Northern Min Jian'ou 話
Eastern Min Fuzhou 講
Fuqing 講
Singapore (Fuqing) 講
Southern Min Xiamen 講
Xiamen (Tong'an) 講
Quanzhou 說
Jinjiang 說
Shishi 說, 講
Zhangzhou 講
Zhao'an 呾, 講
Dongshan 講
Taipei 講
Kaohsiung 講
Tainan 講
Penang (Hokkien) 講
Singapore (Hokkien) 講
Manila (Hokkien) 說, 講
Chaozhou 呾
Raoping 呾
Shantou 呾
Shantou (Chenghai) 呾
Shantou (Chaoyang) 呾
Jieyang 呾
Lufeng 講
Haifeng 講
Bangkok (Teochew) 呾, 講
Chiang Mai (Teochew) 呾
Hat Yai (Teochew) 呾
Phnom Penh (Teochew) 呾
Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew) 呾
Singapore (Teochew) 呾
Pontianak (Teochew) 呾
Leizhou 講
Wenchang 講
Haikou 講
Qionghai 講
Singapore (Hainanese) 講
Puxian Min Putian 講
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 講
Southern Pinghua Binyang 講, 說
Wu Shanghai 講, 話 dated
Shanghai (Chongming) 話
Suzhou 講, 說
Hangzhou 說, 話, 講
Hangzhou (Yuhang) 講, 話
Ningbo 講, 話
Wenzhou 講
Xiang Changsha 講
Xiangtan 講
Xiangxiang 講
Xiangxiang (Meiqiao) 講
Shuangfeng 曰, 講
Close
Dialectal synonyms of 說 (“to say, to speak”) [map]
  • (to explain):
  • (to refer):
  • (to discuss):
  • (to criticize):
  • (theory):

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (說):
  • → Japanese: 説(せつ) (setsu)
  • → Korean: 설(說) (seol)
  • → Vietnamese: thuyết (說)

Pronunciation 2

More information Rime, Character ...
Rime
Character 說
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 祭 (36)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 舒芮切
Baxter sywejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɕiuᴇiH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɕʷiɛiH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɕiuæiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɕwiajH/
Li
Rong		 /ɕiuɛiH/
Wang
Li		 /ɕĭwɛiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren		 /ɕi̯wɛiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shuì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 seoi3
Close
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 說
Reading # 1/3
No. 2552
Phonetic
component		 兑
Rime
group		 祭
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 稅
Old
Chinese		 /*hljods/
Close

Definitions

說

  1. to persuade; to canvass; to lobby
  2. (Quanzhou Hokkien) to swindle; to defraud; to cheat out of
Synonyms
  • (to persuade):

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (說):

Pronunciation 3

More information Rime, Character ...
Rime
Character 說
Reading # 2/3
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 薛 (82)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 弋雪切
Baxter ywet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /jiuᴇt̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /jʷiɛt̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /juæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /jwiat̚/
Li
Rong		 /iuɛt̚/
Wang
Li		 /jĭuɛt̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren		 /i̯wɛt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yuè
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 jyut6
Close
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 說
Reading # 3/3
No. 2577
Phonetic
component		 兑
Rime
group		 月
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 悅
Old
Chinese		 /*lod/
Close

Definitions

說

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 悅 / 悦 (yuè, “happy; delighted”)

Compounds

  • 傅說版築 / 傅说版筑

Pronunciation 4

Definitions

說

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 脫 / 脱 (“to free; to relieve”)

Compounds

  • 說咷 / 说咷

References

Japanese

Shinjitai

 説

Kyūjitai

 說

Kanji

說

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 説)

  1. opinion
  2. theory
  3. explanation
  4. rumor

Readings

Usage notes

This character lacks essential JIS support and is not used in Japanese. The character 説 (U+8AAC) is used instead.

Korean

Vietnamese

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