怒

怒 U+6012, 怒 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6012 ← 怑 [U+6011] CJK Unified Ideographs 怓 → [U+6013]

怒 U+F960, 怒 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F960 ← 寧 [U+F95F] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 率 → [U+F961]

Translingual

Han character

怒 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 女水心 (VEP), four-corner 4733₄, composition ⿱奴心)

Derived characters

• 𭉏, 𪶨, 𱮐, 𧪅, 𫻂, 𫻈, 𦵚

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 380, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10439
• Dae Jaweon: page 708, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2282, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6012
• Unihan data for U+F960

Chinese

trad.		怒
simp. #		怒

Glyph origin

	Old Chinese
拿	*rnaː
拏	*rnaː
詉	*rnaː
蒘	*rnaː, *na
笯	*rnaː, *naː, *naːs
挐	*rnaː, *na
絮	*rnaːs, *nas, *snas, *nas
呶	*rnaːw
怓	*rnaːw
帑	*n̥ʰaːŋʔ, *naː
奴	*naː
砮	*naː, *naːʔ
駑	*naː
孥	*naː
努	*naːʔ
弩	*naːʔ
怒	*naːʔ, *naːs
袽	*na
帤	*na
女	*naʔ, *nas
籹	*naʔ
恕	*hnjas
如	*nja, *njas
茹	*nja, *njaʔ, *njas
洳	*nja, *njas
鴽	*nja
蕠	*nja
汝	*njaʔ
肗	*njaʔ

Characters in the same phonetic series (女) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *naːʔ, *naːs) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 奴 (OC *naː, “slave”) – angry.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan, perhaps from the same word family as 努 (OC *naːʔ, “effort”). Compare Proto-Kuki-Chin *nuar (“to sulk; to agitate”), whence e.g. Mizo nàwrh (“to sulk; to be displeased”) (Schuessler 2007).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	怒	怒
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	奴古切	乃故切
Baxter	nuX	nuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nuoX/	/nuoH/
Pan Wuyun	/nuoX/	/nuoH/
Shao Rongfen	/noX/	/noH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nɔX/	/nɔH/
Li Rong	/noX/	/noH/
Wang Li	/nuX/	/nuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/nuoX/	/nuoH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nǔ	nù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nou5	nou6

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	怒	怒
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nù	nù
Middle Chinese	‹ nuX ›	‹ nuH ›
Old Chinese	/*C.nˁaʔ/	/*C.nˁaʔ-s/
English	angry	anger, angry; vigorous
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	怒	怒
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	9608	9610
Phonetic component	女	女
Rime group	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	怒	笯
Old Chinese	/*naːʔ/	/*naːs/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nù (nu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nou⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): nu

  (Meixian, Guangdong): nu⁴

• Northern Min (KCR): nū
• Eastern Min (BUC): nô
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dou⁵ / nou⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): nō͘ / lō͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): no³ / no⁷

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶nu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nù
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nù
    • Wade–Giles: nu⁴
    • Yale: nù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nuh
    • Palladius: ну (nu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: nou⁶
    • Yale: nouh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nou⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: nou⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nou̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nu
    • Hakka Romanization System: nu
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /nu⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: nu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /nu⁵³/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nū
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nu⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: nô
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡou²⁴²/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: dou⁵
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: dō
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔu²¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: nou⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɔu²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nō͘
    • Tâi-lô: nōo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: no
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /nɔ̃²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /nɔ̃⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /nɔ̃³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lō͘
    • Tâi-lô: lōo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lo
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /lɔ³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: no³ / no⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nò / nō
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /no²¹³/, /no¹¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶nu
    • MiniDict: nu^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /nu²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: nuX, nuH

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.nˤaʔ/, /*C.nˤaʔ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*naːʔ/, /*naːs/

Definitions

怒

1. (literary, or in compounds) anger; wrath

   • 敬天之怒，無敢戲豫。敬天之渝，無敢馳驅。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     敬天之怒，无敢戏豫。敬天之渝，无敢驰驱。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Jìng tiān zhī nù, wú gǎn xì yù. Jìng tiān zhī yú, wú gǎn chíqū. [Pinyin]

     Revere the anger of Heaven, and presume not to make sport or be idle. Revere the changing moods of Heaven, and presume not to drive about [at your pleasure].

2. (literary, or in compounds) furious; indignant
3. (literary, or in compounds) to burst into anger; to be indignant

   • 父母責之，勿怒勿答。侍坐親前，勿踞勿臥。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     父母责之，勿怒勿答。侍坐亲前，勿踞勿卧。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 《四字小學》

     Fùmǔ zé zhī, wù nù wù dá. Shìzuò qīn qián, wù jù wù wò. [Pinyin]

     When your parents reproach you, do not be indignant and do not talk back. When you sit beside your parents, do not squat and do not lie down.

4. (Classical) to condemn; to strongly criticize
5. (Classical) strong; powerful
6. (Classical) to rouse oneself; to exert oneself
7. (～族) Nu people

Synonyms

• (furious):

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• 不平 (bùpíng)
• 不滿／不满 (bùmǎn)
• 受氣／受气 (siū-khì) (Hokkien, Teochew)
• 嬲 (Cantonese)
• 嬲爆爆 (nau¹ baau³ baau³) (Cantonese)
• 怒憤／怒愤 (nùfèn) (literary)
• 悻悻 (xìngxìng) (literary)
• 悻然 (xìngrán) (literary)
• 憤怒／愤怒 (fènnù)
• 憤慨／愤慨 (fènkǎi)
• 憤懣／愤懑 (fènmèn)
• 氣呼呼／气呼呼 (qìhūhū)
• 氣奪奪／气夺夺 (Hokkien)
• 氣怫怫／气怫怫 (Hokkien)
• 氣憤／气愤 (qìfèn)
• 氣掣掣／气掣掣 (Hokkien)
• 氣沖沖／气冲冲 (qìchōngchōng)
• 激心 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 火大 (huǒdà)
• 生氣／生气 (shēngqì)

 

• (to burst in anger):

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• 上火 (shànghuǒ) (dialectal Mandarin)
• 使性地 (sái-sìng-tē) (Hokkien)
• 使性子 (shǐ xìngzi)
• 使氣／使气 (shǐqì)
• 使癖 (Hokkien)
• 使頸／使颈 (sai² geng²) (Cantonese)
• 冒煙／冒烟 (màoyān) (colloquial)
• 動怒／动怒 (dòngnù)
• 受氣／受气 (siū-khì) (Hokkien)
• 嗔怒 (chēnnù)
• 大怒 (dànù)
• 奭 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
• 威怒 (wēinù) (literary)
• 尥蹶子 (liàojuězi)
• 𡳞火 (Hokkien, vulgar)
• 弄性子 (nòng xìngzi) (colloquial)
• 忿懥 (fènzhì) (literary)
• 急 (jí)
• 急眼 (jíyǎn) (colloquial)
• 惱怒／恼怒 (nǎonù)
• 惹氣／惹气 (rěqì)
• 惱火／恼火 (nǎohuǒ)
• 戳火 (cuah⁴ hue²) (Jin)
• 掛氣／挂气 (guàqì) (dialectal)
• 暴怒 (bàonù) (to explode in anger)
• 有氣／有气 (yǒuqì)
• 氣／气
• 氣惱／气恼 (qìnǎo)
• 火大 (huǒdà)
• 火癀 (Hokkien)
• 燒色／烧色 (chiáu-să̤) (Northern Min)
• 爆氣／爆气
• 犯脾氣／犯脾气 (fàn píqi) (colloquial)
• 狂怒 (kuángnù) (to explode in anger)
• 生氣／生气 (shēngqì)
• 癀發／癀发 (Hokkien)
• 發呴／发呴 (⁷faq ¹heu) (Wu)
• 發性地／发性地 (Hokkien)
• 發火／发火 (fāhuǒ)
• 發癀／发癀 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 發老脾／发老脾 (faat³ lou⁵ pei^4-2) (Cantonese)
• 發脾四／发脾四 (faat³ pei⁴ sei³) (Cantonese)
• 發脾氣／发脾气 (fā píqi)
• 發臉／发脸 (Hokkien)
• 發輦／发辇 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 發飆／发飙 (fābiāo) (colloquial)
• 盛怒 (shèngnù)
• 瞋恚 (chēnhuì) (Classical Chinese)
• 耍態度／耍态度 (shuǎ tàidù) (colloquial)
• 耍脾氣／耍脾气 (shuǎ píqi)
• 苦氣／苦气 (Hokkien)
• 見氣／见气 (Yangzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Huizhou, Pingxiang Gan, Wu, Pingxiang Gan, Xiang, Pingxiang Gan)
• 起性 (Hokkien)
• 起性地 (Hokkien)
• 起火
• 起花光 (kī-huă-guŏng) (Eastern Min)
• 震怒 (zhènnù)
• 鬧脾氣／闹脾气 (nào píqi)

 

• (to condemn):

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• 僝僽 (chánzhòu) (literary)
• 叱罵／叱骂 (chìmà)
• 叱責／叱责 (chìzé)
• 吆喝 (colloquial)
• 呲 (cī)
• 呲兒／呲儿 (cīr)
• 呵叱 (hēchì)
• 呼喝 (hūhè) (literary)
• 呲打 (cīda) (Northeastern Mandarin)
• 呵斥 (hēchì)
• 呵責／呵责 (hēzé) (literary)
• 喝叱
• 嗔怪 (chēnguài) (literary)
• 嗔著／嗔着 (chēnzhe) (colloquial)
• 怪 (guài)
• 怨怪 (Xiamen Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 怪罪 (guàizuì)
• 批評／批评 (pīpíng)
• 指摘 (zhǐzhāi)
• 指斥 (zhǐchì)
• 指責／指责 (zhǐzé)
• 指點／指点 (zhǐdiǎn)
• 捋 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
• 摘 (literary, or in compounds)
• 撻伐／挞伐 (tàfá) (literary, figurative)
• 數落／数落 (shǔluo) (informal)
• 數說／数说 (shǔshuō)
• 斥斥 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 斥罵／斥骂 (chìmà)
• 斥責／斥责 (chìzé)
• 歸咎／归咎 (guījiù)
• 歸罪／归罪 (guīzuì)
• 派
• 激勵／激励 (jīlì) (literary)
• 熊 (xióng) (colloquial)
• 申斥 (shēnchì)
• 痛罵／痛骂 (tòngmà)
• 聲討／声讨 (shēngtǎo)
• 訓／训 (xùn) (literary, or in compounds)
• 訓斥／训斥 (xùnchì)
• 詬病／诟病 (gòubìng) (literary)
• 說／说
• 說話／说话 (shuōhuà)
• 謗議／谤议 (bàngyì) (literary)
• 譴責／谴责 (qiǎnzé)
• 責備／责备 (zébèi)
• 責怪／责怪 (zéguài)
• 責罵／责骂 (zémà)
• 責難／责难 (zénàn)
• 貶斥／贬斥 (biǎnchì) (literary)
• 貶責／贬责 (biǎnzé)
• 賴／赖 (lài)
• 非議／非议 (fēiyì)
• 非難／非难 (fēinàn)
• 體斥／体斥 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)

 

• (strong):

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• 強力／强力 (qiánglì)
• 強大／强大 (qiángdà)
• 強有力／强有力 (qiángyǒulì)
• 強硬／强硬 (qiángyìng)
• 得力 (délì)
• 挺拔 (tǐngbá)
• 有力 (yǒulì)
• 雄勁／雄劲 (xióngjìng) (literary)

 

• (to rouse oneself):

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• 奮勉／奋勉 (fènmiǎn) (literary)
• 奮發／奋发 (fènfā)
• 振作 (zhènzuò)
• 發奮／发奋 (fāfèn)
• 發憤／发愤 (fāfèn)

 

Compounds

• 不怒自威
• 人怨神怒
• 勃然大怒 (bórándànù)
• 動怒／动怒 (dòngnù)
• 含怒 (hánnù)
• 吼怒 (hǒunù)
• 咆哮大怒 (páoxiāo dànù)
• 喜怒哀樂／喜怒哀乐 (xǐnù'āilè)
• 喜怒無常／喜怒无常 (xǐnùwúcháng)
• 嗔怒 (chēnnù)
• 天怒
• 天怒人怨 (tiānnùrényuàn)
• 嬉笑怒罵／嬉笑怒骂 (xīxiàonùmà)
• 室怒市色
• 布衣之怒
• 心花怒放 (xīnhuānùfàng)
• 心花怒發／心花怒发
• 心花怒開／心花怒开
• 忿怒 (fènnù)
• 怒不可抑
• 怒不可遏 (nùbùkě'è)
• 怒叱 (nùchì)
• 怒吼 (nùhǒu)
• 怒喝 (nùhè)
• 怒子
• 怒容
• 怒張／怒张 (nùzhāng)
• 怒彝
• 怒形於色／怒形于色
• 怒惡／怒恶
• 怒放 (nùfàng)
• 怒斥 (nùchì)
• 怒族 (Nùzú)
• 怒氣／怒气 (nùqì)
• 怒氣填胸／怒气填胸 (nùqì tián xiōng)
• 怒氣攻心／怒气攻心
• 怒氣沖天／怒气冲天
• 怒氣沖沖／怒气冲冲
• 怒氣沖發／怒气冲发
• 怒氣衝衝／怒气冲冲
• 怒江 (Nùjiāng)
• 怒沖沖／怒冲冲
• 怒潮 (nùcháo)
• 怒濤／怒涛 (nùtāo)
• 怒濤排壑／怒涛排壑
• 怒火 (nùhuǒ)
• 怒火中燒／怒火中烧 (nùhuǒzhōngshāo)
• 怒烘烘
• 怒猊抉石
• 怒猊渴驥／怒猊渴骥
• 怒目 (nùmù)
• 怒目切齒／怒目切齿
• 怒目咬牙 (nùmù yǎoyá)
• 怒目攢眉／怒目攒眉
• 怒目橫眉／怒目横眉
• 怒目相向
• 怒目而視／怒目而视 (nùmù'érshì)
• 怒視／怒视 (nùshì)
• 怒突
• 怒罵／怒骂 (nùmà)
• 怒臂當車／怒臂当车
• 怒色 (nùsè)
• 怒號／怒号 (nùháo)
• 怒蛙
• 怒那 (nùnà)
• 怒馬／怒马
• 怒髮衝冠／怒发冲冠 (nùfàchōngguān)
• 息怒 (xīnù)
• 恚怒
• 恨怒 (hènnù)
• 惱怒／恼怒 (nǎonù)
• 惱羞成怒／恼羞成怒 (nǎoxiūchéngnù)
• 惱羞變怒／恼羞变怒
• 慍怒／愠怒
• 憤怒／愤怒 (fènnù)
• 憤怒痙攣／愤怒痉挛
• 戟指怒目
• 拗怒
• 拍案怒罵／拍案怒骂
• 春筍怒發／春笋怒发
• 暴怒 (bàonù)
• 橫眉怒目／横眉怒目
• 沖天之怒／冲天之怒
• 滿腔怒火／满腔怒火
• 激怒 (jīnù)
• 發威動怒／发威动怒
• 發怒／发怒 (fānù)
• 盛怒 (shèngnù)
• 眾怒／众怒 (zhòngnù)
• 眾怒難任／众怒难任
• 眾怒難犯／众怒难犯
• 睜眉怒目／睁眉怒目
• 神怒人怨
• 神怒人棄／神怒人弃
• 神怒天誅／神怒天诛
• 神怒民怨
• 神怒民痛
• 神怒鬼怨
• 突怒
• 羞怒
• 老羞成怒 (lǎoxiūchéngnù)
• 老羞變怒／老羞变怒
• 臺意怒／台意怒
• 藏怒
• 衝冠髮怒／冲冠发怒
• 觸怒／触怒 (chùnù)
• 赫斯之怒
• 遷怒／迁怒 (qiānnù)
• 金剛怒目／金刚怒目
• 雷嗔電怒／雷嗔电怒
• 雷霆之怒
• 震怒 (zhènnù)
• 鮮車怒馬／鲜车怒马
• 齌怒／𱌗怒 (jìnù)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (怒):

• → Korean: 노(怒) (no)
• → Vietnamese: nộ (怒)

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 怒

怒

(Jōyō kanji)

1. anger, fury

Readings

• Go-on: ぬ (nu)
• Kan-on: ど (do, Jōyō)
• Kun: いかる (ikaru, 怒る, Jōyō)、おこる (okoru, 怒る, Jōyō)

Compounds

Compounds

• 怒(おこ)る (okoru): to be angry
• 怒号(どごう) (dogō): angry roar
• 怒張(どちょう) (dochō): swelling, engorgement
• 怒涛(どとう) (dotō): surging waves
• 怒気(どき) (doki): anger
• 怒(ど)髪(はつ) (dohatsu): bristled hairs due to anger
• 憤(ふん)怒(ぬ) (funnu): indignation
• 暴怒(ぼうど) (bōdo): rage

Korean

Hanja

怒 (eumhun 성낼 노 (seongnael no))

1. hanja form^? of 노 (“anger; fury”)

Compounds

• 격노 (激怒, gyeongno, “wrath”)
• 희로애락 (喜怒哀樂, huiroaerak, “emotions”)
• 질풍노도 (疾風怒濤, jilpungnodo)

Vietnamese

Han character

怒: Hán Nôm readings: nộ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.