失
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Han character
失 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 竹手人 (HQO), four-corner 25030, composition ⿰丿夫 or ⿻𠂉大)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 249, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5844
- Dae Jaweon: page 508, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 525, character 1
- Unihan data for U+5931
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 失 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
 |
 |
 |
Pictogram (象形) depicting a footprint of someone that has fallen surrounded by drops of blood (Ji Xusheng, 2004).
Alternatively, according to Shuowen, Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 手 + 乙 — something falling from a hand (手). However, the original form doesn't show any hand.
Etymology
Cognate with 佚 (OC *liɡ, “to escape; to lose”), 逸 (OC *lid, “to escape; at ease”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Probably Sino-Tibetan; compare Cogtse Situ [Term?] (ka-ʃlə̂k, “to fall (from hand)”), Japhug ɕlɯɣ (“to fall; to slip”) (Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019).
Note also Thai เล็ดลอด (lét-lɔ̂ɔt, “to sneak; to escape by stealth”) (Manomaivibool, 1975).
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): siit6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): seh4
- Northern Min (KCR): sĭ
- Eastern Min (BUC): sék
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7seq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): she6 / shr6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shih
- Wade–Giles: shih1
- Yale: shr̄
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shy
- Palladius: ши (ši)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шы (šɨ, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: sat1
- Yale: sāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: sat7
- Guangdong Romanization: sed1
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɐt̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: sit2
- Sinological IPA (key): /sit̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: siit6
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɨt̚⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳt
- Hakka Romanization System: siidˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sid5
- Sinological IPA: /sɨt̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: seh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /səʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sĭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /si²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sék
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɛiʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Yongchun, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese, Klang)
- (Hokkien: Hui'an)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: set
- Tâi-lô: set
- Phofsit Daibuun: sed
- IPA (Hui'an): /set̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Changtai)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
- Tâi-lô: sik
- Phofsit Daibuun: seg
- IPA (Changtai): /sek̚³²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: sig4 / sêg4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sik / sek
- Sinological IPA (key): /sik̚²/, /sek̚²/
Note: sêg4 - Jieyang.
Note:
- she6 - vernacular;
- shr6 - literary.
- Middle Chinese: syit
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥i[t]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*hliɡ/
Definitions
失
Compounds
- 不失 (bùshī)
- 不失為／不失为 (bùshīwéi)
- 不計得失／不计得失
- 丟失／丢失 (diūshī)
- 五失本
- 亡失
- 亡鄉失土／亡乡失土
- 亡魂失魄
- 交臂失之 (jiāobìshīzhī)
- 人財兩失／人财两失 (réncáiliǎngshī)
- 佚失 (yìshī)
- 佹得佹失
- 供需失衡
- 供需失調／供需失调
- 倉皇失措／仓皇失措
- 偏失
- 冒冒失失 (màomàoshīshī)
- 冒失 (màoshī)
- 冒失鬼
- 利害得失
- 利弊得失
- 前失 (qiánshī)
- 劉備失箸／刘备失箸
- 勿失良機／勿失良机
- 北叟失馬／北叟失马
- 千慮一失／千虑一失 (qiānlǜyīshī)
- 啞然失笑／哑然失笑
- 啞然失色／哑然失色
- 喪失／丧失 (sàngshī)
- 因小失大 (yīnxiǎoshīdà)
- 坐失 (zuòshī)
- 坐失良機／坐失良机
- 報失／报失 (bàoshī)
- 塞翁失馬／塞翁失马 (sàiwēngshīmǎ)
- 大失人望
- 大失所望 (dàshīsuǒwàng)
- 大意失荊州／大意失荆州 (dàyì shī Jīngzhōu)
- 大為失望／大为失望
- 大驚失色／大惊失色 (dàjīngshīsè)
- 失主 (shīzhǔ)
- 失之交臂 (shīzhījiāobì)
- 失事 (shīshì)
- 失依兒童／失依儿童
- 失信 (shīxìn)
- 失修 (shīxiū)
- 失候
- 失傳／失传 (shīchuán)
- 失儀／失仪
- 失入 (shīrù)
- 失出 (shīchū)
- 失利 (shīlì)
- 失勢／失势 (shīshì)
- 失卻／失却 (shīquè)
- 失去 (shīqù)
- 失口 (shīkǒu)
- 失和 (shīhé)
- 失單／失单
- 失圖／失图
- 失地 (shīdì)
- 失學／失学 (shīxué)
- 失守 (shīshǒu)
- 失宜 (shīyí)
- 失容
- 失密
- 失實／失实 (shīshí)
- 失察 (shīchá)
- 失寵／失宠 (shīchǒng)
- 失對／失对
- 失常 (shīcháng)
- 失張倒怪／失张倒怪
- 失張冒勢／失张冒势
- 失張失志／失张失志
- 失張失智／失张失智
- 失律
- 失德 (shīdé)
- 失心 (shīxīn)
- 失心兒／失心儿
- 失心風／失心风
- 失志 (shīzhì)
- 失怙 (shīhù)
- 失恃 (shīshì)
- 失意 (shīyì)
- 失態／失态 (shītài)
- 失慎 (shīshèn)
- 失憶症／失忆症 (shīyìzhèng)
- 失戀／失恋 (shīliàn)
- 失所 (shīsuǒ)
- 失手 (shīshǒu)
- 失挫
- 失措 (shīcuò)
- 失控 (shīkòng)
- 失掉 (shīdiào)
- 失據／失据
- 失支脫節／失支脱节
- 失效 (shīxiào)
- 失敗／失败 (shībài)
- 失教兒童／失教儿童
- 失散 (shīsàn)
- 失敬 (shījìng)
- 失明 (shīmíng)
- 失時／失时 (shīshí)
- 失曉／失晓
- 失望 (shīwàng)
- 失期
- 失本
- 失格 (shīgé)
- 失業／失业 (shīyè)
- 失業人口／失业人口
- 失業保險／失业保险
- 失業救助／失业救助
- 失業救濟／失业救济
- 失業率／失业率 (shīyèlǜ)
- 失機／失机
- 失檢／失检 (shījiǎn)
- 失權／失权
- 失歡／失欢 (shīhuān)
- 失氣／失气 (shīqì)
- 失水 (shīshuǐ)
- 失滅／失灭
- 失火 (shīhuǒ)
- 失物 (shīwù)
- 失獨／失独 (shīdú)
- 失當／失当 (shīdàng)
- 失盜／失盗 (shīdào)
- 失真 (shīzhēn)
- 失眠 (shīmián)
- 失瞻
- 失神 (shīshén)
- 失神落魄
- 失禁 (shījìn)
- 失禮／失礼 (shīlǐ)
- 失竊／失窃 (shīqiè)
- 失笑 (shīxiào)
- 失策 (shīcè)
- 失節／失节 (shījié)
- 失算 (shīsuàn)
- 失約／失约 (shīyuē)
- 失義／失义
- 失而復得／失而复得 (shī'érfùdé)
- 失聲／失声 (shīshēng)
- 失聰／失聪 (shīcōng)
- 失職／失职 (shīzhí)
- 失脫／失脱
- 失腳／失脚 (shījiǎo)
- 失色 (shīsè)
- 失著
- 失落 (shīluò)
- 失血 (shīxuè)
- 失街亭
- 失衡 (shīhéng)
- 失言 (shīyán)
- 失計／失计
- 失語／失语 (shīyǔ)
- 失誤／失误 (shīwù)
- 失語症／失语症 (shīyǔzhèng)
- 失調／失调
- 失諸交臂／失诸交臂
- 失賊／失贼
- 失足 (shīzú)
- 失路 (shīlù)
- 失蹤／失踪 (shīzōng)
- 失身 (shīshēn)
- 失身分
- 失迎 (shīyíng)
- 失迷 (shīmí)
- 失速 (shīsù)
- 失道 (shīdào)
- 失道寡助 (shīdàoguǎzhù)
- 失重 (shīzhòng)
- 失錯／失错 (shīcuò)
- 失閃／失闪 (shīshǎn)
- 失陪 (shīpéi)
- 失陷 (shīxiàn)
- 失靈／失灵 (shīlíng)
- 失音 (shīyīn)
- 失風／失风
- 失飢傷飽／失饥伤饱
- 失飪／失饪
- 失馬亡羊／失马亡羊
- 失驚／失惊 (shījīng)
- 失驚打怪／失惊打怪
- 失魂喪魄／失魂丧魄
- 失魂落魄 (shīhúnluòpò)
- 失鹿
- 失黏
- 如有所失
- 婚姻失調／婚姻失调
- 少親失眷／少亲失眷
- 少調失教／少调失教
- 少魂失魄
- 尿失禁 (niàoshījìn)
- 差失 (chāshī)
- 年久失修 (niánjiǔshīxiū)
- 廢時失事／废时失事 (fèishíshīshì)
- 廢時失業／废时失业
- 廢賢失政／废贤失政
- 引喻失義／引喻失义 (yǐnyùshīyì)
- 張皇失措／张皇失措
- 彷徨失措
- 得不償失／得不偿失 (débùchángshī)
- 得不補失／得不补失
- 得不酬失
- 得失 (déshī)
- 得失在人
- 得失成敗／得失成败
- 得失榮枯／得失荣枯
- 得失相半
- 得而復失／得而复失 (dé'érfùshī)
- 徬徨失措
- 心神喪失／心神丧失
- 忘恩失義／忘恩失义
- 忘餐失寢／忘餐失寝
- 怛然失色
- 患得患失 (huàndéhuànshī)
- 悼心失圖／悼心失图
- 惜指失掌
- 惘然如失
- 悵然自失／怅然自失
- 惘然若失 (wǎngránruòshī)
- 悵然若失／怅然若失 (chàngránruòshī)
- 惘若有失
- 慞惶失次
- 成敗得失／成败得失
- 手足失措
- 打個前失／打个前失
- 打前失
- 打失驚／打失惊
- 拔十失五
- 拋家失業／抛家失业
- 掛失／挂失
- 掛失止付／挂失止付
- 掩面失色
- 援鱉失龜／援鳖失龟
- 損失／损失 (sǔnshī)
- 播越失據／播越失据
- 故失
- 敗名失德／败名失德
- 散失 (sànshī)
- 是非得失
- 時不可失／时不可失 (shí bùkě shī)
- 有失體統／有失体统
- 有得有失
- 機不可失／机不可失 (jībùkěshī)
- 水土流失 (shuǐtǔ liúshī)
- 流失 (liúshī)
- 流離失所／流离失所 (liúlíshīsuǒ)
- 消失 (xiāoshī)
- 漏失
- 火災損失／火灾损失
- 為小失大／为小失大
- 營養失調／营养失调
- 爽然自失
- 爽然若失 (shuǎngránruòshī)
- 琴瑟失調／琴瑟失调
- 用舍失宜
- 疏失 (shūshī)
- 痛哭失聲／痛哭失声
- 痛失知音
- 痛失英才
- 百不一失
- 百不失一
- 百無一失／百无一失 (bǎiwúyīshī)
- 盡失／尽失
- 相失 (xiāngshī)
- 相形失色
- 相顧失色／相顾失色
- 眼張失落／眼张失落
- 眼張失道／眼张失道
- 破業失產／破业失产
- 社會失調／社会失调
- 神龍失勢／神龙失势 (shénlóng shīshì)
- 萬不可失／万不可失
- 萬不失一／万不失一
- 萬無一失／万无一失 (wànwúyīshī)
- 萬無失一／万无失一
- 窮不失義／穷不失义
- 窮大失居／穷大失居
- 窮猿失木／穷猿失木
- 節節失利／节节失利
- 緣名失實／缘名失实
- 缺失 (quēshī)
- 聞雷失箸／闻雷失箸
- 臨期失誤／临期失误
- 自失
- 舉止失措／举止失措
- 芒然自失
- 花容失色
- 若有所失
- 荒失
- 茫然自失 (mángránzìshī)
- 茫然若失 (mángránruòshī)
- 著著失敗／著著失败
- 虧失／亏失
- 言多失實／言多失实
- 言多必失 (yánduōbìshī)
- 言多語失／言多语失
- 註失／注失
- 謹毛失貌／谨毛失貌
- 貪小失大／贪小失大
- 走失 (zǒushī)
- 輕重失宜／轻重失宜
- 迷失 (míshī)
- 迷失路途
- 迷蹤失路／迷踪失路
- 逞己失眾／逞己失众
- 進退失據／进退失据 (jìntuìshījù)
- 過失／过失 (guòshī)
- 過失傷害／过失伤害
- 過失殺人／过失杀人 (guòshī shārén)
- 過失致死／过失致死
- 遺失／遗失 (yíshī)
- 遵而不失
- 重大過失／重大过失
- 錯失／错失 (cuòshī)
- 錯失良機／错失良机
- 閃失／闪失 (shǎnshī)
- 闕失／阙失
- 陰陵失道／阴陵失道
- 雞蟲得失／鸡虫得失
- 面皮失色
- 頓失所依／顿失所依
- 頻頻失利／频频失利
- 顧小失大／顾小失大
- 顧此失彼／顾此失彼 (gùcǐshībǐ)
- 馬失前蹄／马失前蹄 (mǎshīqiántí)
- 驚惶失措／惊惶失措 (jīnghuáng shīcuò)
- 驚慌失措／惊慌失措 (jīnghuāngshīcuò)
- 驚慌失色／惊慌失色
- 黯然失色 (ànránshīsè)
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yì
- Wade–Giles: i4
- Yale: yì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
- Palladius: и (i)
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
失
Kanji
失
Readings
Hanja
Compounds
- 실직 (失職, siljik, “losing a job; unemployment”)
Han character
Verb
- chữ Hán form of thất.
- to lose something
- to make a mistake; to blunder; to contravene; to infringe; to violate
- to miss
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