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質

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also: 貭 and 质
質 U+8CEA, 質
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CEA
← 賩
[U+8CE9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 賫 →
[U+8CEB]

Translingual

Han character

質 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹中月山金 (HLBUC), four-corner 72806, composition ⿱斦貝)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1210, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36833
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1676, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3648, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+8CEA

Chinese

Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 質, Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) ...
Historical forms of the character 質
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
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More information Old Chinese ...
Old Chinese
質 *tids, *tjid
躓 *tids
懫 *tids, *tjid
礩 *tjids, *tjid
櫍 *tjid
劕 *tjid
鑕 *tjid
Close
Characters in the same phonetic series (質) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 斦 + 貝. Zhu Junsheng also interpret this as a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声), where he regards 斦 as an original form of 櫍 (OC *tjid).

Etymology 1

More information trad., simp. ...
trad. 質
simp. 质
alternative forms 貭
筫
𫎘
𧸲
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Pronunciation

More information Variety, Location ...
Variety Location 質
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹³/
Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹³/
Qingdao /tʃz̩⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/
Xi'an /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩¹³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩¹³/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡sz̩²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡sz̩³¹/
Guiyang /t͡sz̩²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³¹/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩ʔ⁵/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡səʔ²/
Pingyao /ʈ͡ʂʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡səʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡səʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡səʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡səʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡sai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕiʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕi⁵/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/
Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sɨʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sət̚¹/
Taoyuan /tʃït̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sɐt̚⁵/
Nanning /t͡sɐt̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sɐt̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sit̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sɛiʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡si²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sioʔ²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /t͡sit̚⁵/
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More information Rime, Character ...
Rime
Character 質
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 質 (48)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 之日切
Baxter tsyit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ɕiɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡ɕit̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ɕjet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /cit̚/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ɕiĕt̚/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ɕĭĕt̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren		 /t͡ɕi̯ĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zat1
Close
More information Character, Reading # ...
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 質
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhì
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsyit ›
Old
Chinese		 /*t-lit/
English substance, solid part

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Close
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 質
Reading # 2/2
No. 17401
Phonetic
component		 質
Rime
group		 質
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 質
Old
Chinese		 /*tjid/
Notes 金文本從折聲
Close
Note:
  • ziêh4 - Chaozhou;
  • zioh4 - Shantou.
  • Dialectal data

Definitions

質

  1. matter; material; substance
  2. nature; intrinsic quality; essence
  3. quality
  4. (Cantonese, literary, or in compounds) to query; to ask about
  5. (literary, or in compounds) simple; plain
  6. Alternative form of 櫍 / 𬃊 (zhì)
Synonyms
  • (quality):
More information Variety, Location ...
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 質, 品
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 品質, 成色, 質量
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 質量, 品質
Taiwan 品質
Singapore 品質
Cantonese Hong Kong 質素, 品質
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Dialectal synonyms of 質量 (“quality (opposite of quantity 數量)”) [map]
  • (to query):
  • (simple):

Compounds

Etymology 2

More information trad., simp. ...
trad. 質
simp. 质
alternative forms 貭
筫
𫎘
𧸲
Close

Pronunciation

More information Rime, Character ...
Rime
Character 質
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 知 (9)
Final (韻) 脂 (17)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 陟利切
Baxter trijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʈˠiɪH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʈᵚiH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȶiɪH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʈjiH/
Li
Rong		 /ȶjiH/
Wang
Li		 /ȶiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren		 /ȶiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zi3
Close
More information Character, Reading # ...
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 質
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhì
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ trijH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[t]<r>ip-s/
English hostage; gift

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Close
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 質
Reading # 1/2
No. 17397
Phonetic
component		 質
Rime
group		 至
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 致
Old
Chinese		 /*tids/
Close
Note:
  • chì - Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou;
  • chit - Taiwan, Xiamen, Quanzhou.

    Definitions

    質

    1. to pawn
    2. collateral; security; object or person given as a pledge
      人質／人质  ―  rénzhì  ―  hostage
    3. Alternative form of 贄 / 贽 (zhì, “gifts to superiors”)
    4. a surname, Zhi

    Compounds

    Etymology 3

    More information trad., simp. ...
    trad. 質
    simp. 质
    alternative forms 枳
    Close

    Pronunciation

    Definitions

    質

    1. (Cantonese) to stuff; to shove
    Synonyms

    References

    Japanese

    Korean

    Vietnamese

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