沾
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 霑
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Han character
沾 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水卜口 (EYR), four-corner 31160, composition ⿰氵占)
Derived characters
Related characters
- 霑 (Variant form in mainland China)
Further reading
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 614, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17259
- Dae Jaweon: page 1008, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1583, character 6
- Unihan data for U+6CBE
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 沾 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Small seal script |
 |
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 頕 | *taːm |
| 煔 | *ɦlaːm, *hljems, *hl'eːms |
| 炶 | *ɦlaːm |
| 詀 | *rteːm, *rdeːms, *teːm, *tʰjeb |
| 站 | *rteːms |
| 檆 | *sreːm |
| 黏 | *nem |
| 粘 | *nem |
| 枮 | *slem, *ʔl'ɯm |
| 霑 | *tem |
| 沾 | *tem, *teːms, *tʰeːm |
| 覘 | *tems, *tʰem |
| 鉆 | *tʰem, *ɡrem, *tʰeːb |
| 占 | *ʔljem, *tjems |
| 颭 | *tjemʔ |
| 佔 | *tjems, *teːm |
| 苫 | *hljem, *hljems |
| 痁 | *hljem, *teːms |
| 蛅 | *njem |
| 阽 | *lem |
| 敁 | *teːm |
| 掂 | *tiːm |
| 點 | *teːmʔ |
| 玷 | *teːmʔ, *teːms |
| 店 | *tiːms |
| 坫 | *tiːms, *tim |
| 黇 | *tʰeːm |
| 扂 | *deːmʔ |
| 拈 | *neːm |
| 鮎 | *neːm |
| 砧 | *ʔl'ɯm |
| 笘 | *teːb |
| 跕 | *teːb, *tʰeːb |
| 貼 | *tʰeːb |
| 帖 | *tʰeːb |
| 怗 | *tʰeːb |
| 呫 | *tʰeːb |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tem, *teːms, *tʰeːm) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems).
Ganlu Zishu considers this glyph to be an unorthodox variant of 霑 (zhān).
Etymology 1
Austroasiatic; compare Khmer ត្រាំ (tram, “to soak”), តំរាំ (tɑmrŏəm, “soaking; immersion; something which has been soaked”), ជ្រាំ (crŏəm, “muddy water”), Proto-Bahnaric *tram (“to soak”), *kram (“to sink”), Proto-Katuic *tram (“to soak”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄢ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhan
- Wade–Giles: chan1
- Yale: jān
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jan
- Palladius: чжань (čžanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂän⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zim1
- Yale: jīm
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzim1
- Guangdong Romanization: jim1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siːm⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
Note:
- tiam, chiam - literary;
- cham - vernacular.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: trjem
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[t]rem/
- (Zhengzhang): /*tem/
Definitions
沾
- † abundant; overflowing; brimming
- to soak; to moisten
- 麗之姬，艾封人之子也。晉國之始得之也，涕泣沾襟。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE
- Lì zhī jī, Ài fēng rén zhī zǐ yě. Jìnguó zhī shǐ dé zhī yě, tìqì zhān jīn. [Pinyin]
- The concubine of Li was the daughter of a person from the frontiers of Ai. Initially, when the king of Jin took her as his concubine, she cried until her tears soaked her clothes.
丽之姬，艾封人之子也。晋国之始得之也，涕泣沾襟。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to share in (a benefit); to benefit through association
- † to influence; to edify
- 若乃文約之所沾漸，風聲之所周流，幾將日所出入處也。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Book of the Later Han, circa 5th century CE
- Ruò nǎi wényuē zhī suǒ zhān jiàn, fēngshēng zhī suǒ zhōuliú, jǐ jiāng rì suǒ chūrù chù yě. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
若乃文约之所沾渐，风声之所周流，几将日所出入处也。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
- to be stained with; to be contaminated by
- to touch; to come into contact with
- 我這無根水，非此之論，乃是天上落下者，不沾地就吃，才叫做無根水。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- From: Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, 16th century CE
- Wǒ zhè wú gēn shuǐ, fēi cǐ zhī lùn, nǎi shì tiānshàng luòxià zhě, bù zhān dì jiù chī, cái jiàozuò wú gēn shuǐ. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
我这无根水，非此之论，乃是天上落下者，不沾地就吃，才叫做无根水。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
- (dialectal) to be good; to be okay
Synonyms
- (to benefit):
- (to touch):
Compounds
- 一沾
- 不沾
- 利益均沾
- 均沾 (jūnzhān)
- 得沾化雨
- 惹草沾花
- 惹草沾風／惹草沾风
- 汗出沾背
- 沐露沾霜
- 泣下沾襟
- 沾丐
- 沾乾／沾干
- 沾便宜
- 沾光 (zhānguāng)
- 沾包
- 沾化 (Zhānhuà)
- 沾卹
- 沾寒
- 沾巾
- 沾帶／沾带
- 沾惹
- 沾戀／沾恋
- 沾手 (zhānshǒu)
- 沾扯
- 沾接
- 沾染 (zhānrǎn)
- 沾汙／沾污
- 沾沾
- 沾泣
- 沾泥帶水／沾泥带水
- 沾泥絮
- 沾沾自喜 (zhānzhānzìxǐ)
- 沾沾自好
- 沾沾自滿／沾沾自满
- 沾沾自衒
- 沾沾自足
- 沾洿
- 沾洽
- 沾浹／沾浃
- 沾浥
- 沾渥
- 沾溉
- 沾漉
- 沾滯／沾滞
- 沾漸／沾渐
- 沾潤／沾润
- 沾濟／沾济
- 沾濕／沾湿 (zhānshī)
- 沾濡
- 沾灑／沾洒
- 沾牙
- 沾病
- 沾礙／沾碍
- 沾粘
- 沾纓／沾缨
- 沾脣／沾唇
- 沾臆
- 沾膺
- 沾花惹草
- 沾衣
- 沾衿
- 沾袍
- 沾被
- 沾補／沾补
- 沾裳
- 沾襟
- 沾親／沾亲
- 沾親帶友／沾亲带友
- 沾親帶故／沾亲带故
- 沾親帶骨／沾亲带骨
- 沾親挂拐
- 沾識／沾识
- 沾賚／沾赉
- 沾賞／沾赏
- 沾足
- 沾辱
- 沾連／沾连
- 沾逮
- 沾邊／沾边 (zhānbiān)
- 沾醉 (zhānzuì)
- 沾錫／沾锡
- 沾霈
- 沾風惹草／沾风惹草
- 沾黏
- 滴水不沾
- 滴水未沾
- 滴酒不沾 (dījiǔbùzhān)
- 禪絮沾泥／禅絮沾泥
- 脅不沾席／胁不沾席
- 腳不沾地／脚不沾地
- 迷花沾草
- 雨沾雲惹／雨沾云惹
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄢ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhan
- Wade–Giles: chan1
- Yale: jān
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jan
- Palladius: чжань (čžanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂän⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zim1
- Yale: jīm
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzim1
- Guangdong Romanization: jim1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siːm⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: trjem
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*tem/
Definitions
沾
- (～水) an ancient river that flows from Huguan County, Shanxi into the Qi (淇) River in Henan, China
- 又東北，沾水注之，水出壺關縣東沾臺下，石壁崇高，昂藏隱天 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: Li Daoyuan, Commentary on the Water Classic, 386-534 CE
- yòu dōngběi, Zhānshuǐ zhù zhī, shuǐ chū Húguānxiàn dōng zhān tái xià, shíbì chónggāo, ángcáng yǐn tiān [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
又东北，沾水注之，水出壶关县东沾台下，石壁崇高，昂藏隐天 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tian
- Wade–Giles: tʻien1
- Yale: tyān
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tian
- Palladius: тянь (tjanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: them
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*tʰeːm/
Definitions
沾
Etymology 4
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: diàn
- Wade–Giles: tien4
- Yale: dyàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diann
- Palladius: дянь (djanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ti̯ɛn⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: temH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*teːms/
Definitions
沾
- (～水) an ancient river flowing from Xiyang County, Shanxi into Ye (冶) River in Hebei
- (～縣) (historical) a county in the Han dynasty southwest of Xiyang County
- 出上黨沾縣西北少山大要谷，南過縣西，又從縣南屈。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: Li Daoyuan, Commentary on the Water Classic, 386-534 CE
- Chū Shàngdǎng Diànxiàn xīběi Shào shān Dàyào gǔ, nán guò xiàn xī, yòu cóng xiàn nán qū. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
出上党沾县西北少山大要谷，南过县西，又从县南屈。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
Etymology 5
| For pronunciation and definitions of 沾 – see 覘. (This character is a variant form of 覘). |
Etymology 6
| For pronunciation and definitions of 沾 – see 蘸 (“to dip in; to submerge in; to dip in; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 蘸). |
Notes:
|
Kanji
沾
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
Compounds
- 均沾 (kinten)
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 沾 (MC trjem).
Hanja
Wikisource 沾 (eumhun 시다 첨 (sida cheom))
Compounds
Etymology 2
From Middle Chinese 沾 (MC them).
Hanja
Etymology 3
Hanja
沾 (eumhun 경망할 첩 (gyeongmanghal cheop))
Compounds
- 첩첩 (沾沾, cheopcheop)
References
Han character
沾: Hán Nôm readings: chăm, trèm, triêm, chem, thêm
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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