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差

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also: 着 and 羞
差 U+5DEE, 差
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DEE
← 巭
[U+5DED] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 巯 →
[U+5DEF]

Translingual

More information Japanese, Simplified ...
Japanese 差
Simplified 差
Traditional 差
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Alternative forms

Note that the character in simplified Chinese has 9 strokes. Simplified from 差 (𦍌丿 → ⺶)

Han character

Taiwan and Hong Kong stroke order

差 (Kangxi radical 48, 工+7 in traditional Chinese, 工+6 in simplified Chinese, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese, 9 strokes in simplified Chinese, cangjie input 廿手一 (TQM), four-corner 80211, composition ⿱𦍌⿰丿工(HTJK) or ⿸⺶工(GV))

More information Stroke order ...
Stroke order
10 strokes
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Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 326, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8732
  • Dae Jaweon: page 629, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 413, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5DEE

Chinese

More information trad., simp. # ...
trad. 差
simp. # 差
alternative forms 荖
𢀩
𢀠
𢀞
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Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 差, Western Zhou ...
Historical forms of the character 差
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
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More information Old Chinese ...
Old Chinese
左 *ʔsaːlʔ, *ʔsaːls
佐 *ʔsaːls
袏 *ʔslaːls
蹉 *sʰlaːl
瑳 *sʰlaːl, *sʰlaːlʔ
搓 *sʰlaːl
磋 *sʰlaːl
溠 *sʰlaːl, *sraːl, *ʔsraːls
傞 *sʰlaːl, *slaːl
醝 *zlaːl
瘥 *zlaːl, *ʔsljal, *sʰreːls
鹺 *zlaːl
嵯 *zlaːl, *sʰral
嵳 *zlaːl
蒫 *zlaːl, *ʔsljal, *ʔslɯl
艖 *zlaːl, *sʰraːl
齹 *zlaːl, *sʰral, *zral
縒 *slaːlʔ, *sʰral, *sʰlaːɡ
褨 *slaːlʔ
嗟 *ʔsljal
差 *sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːls, *sʰral
鎈 *sʰraːl
槎 *zraːl, *zraːlʔ
髊 *zlals
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Characters in the same phonetic series (左) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 來 (“wheat”) + 𠂇 (“left hand”) – to hull wheat by rubbing grains inside hands. Original form of 搓 (OC *sʰlaːl, “to rub with hands; to scrub; to twist”).

工 or 口 was later added under 𠂇 to form 左 (OC *ʔsaːlʔ, *ʔsaːls, “left”), which is also this character's phonetic component.

Pronunciation 1

More information Rime, Character ...
Rime
Character 差 差
Reading # 4/5 2/5
Initial (聲) 初 (19) 初 (19)
Final (韻) 麻 (98) 佳 (31)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) II II
Fanqie 初加切 楚佳切
Baxter tsrhae tsrhea
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ʃʰˠa/ /t͡ʃʰˠɛ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʈ͡ʂʰᵚa/ /ʈ͡ʂʰᵚæ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ʃʰa/ /t͡ʃʰæi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʈ͡ʂʰaɨ/ /ʈ͡ʂʰaɨj/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ʃʰa/ /t͡ʃʰɛ/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ʃʰa/ /t͡ʃʰai/
Bernhard
Karlgren		 /ʈ͡ʂʰa/ /ʈ͡ʂʰai/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 chā chāi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 caa1 caai1
Close
More information Character, Reading # ...
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 差
Reading # 1/5
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 chā
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsrhæ ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tsʰraj/
English distinction; to select

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Close
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 差 差 差
Reading # 2/6 3/6 4/6
No. 18030 18037 18038
Phonetic
component		 左 左 左
Rime
group		 歌 歌 歌
Rime
subdivision		 1 2 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 差 釵
Old
Chinese		 /*sʰraːls/ /*sʰreːl/ /*sʰreːl/
Notes 金文上從來，本指以手揀麥子分等次，
左亦聲
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Note:
  • chā - literary (“to differ; mistake; (maths) difference; barely”);
  • chà - colloquial (“to differ; wrong; inferior; to be short of; to owe”).

Definitions

差

  1. to differ from; to be different; dissimilar; incongruous
  2. wrong; incorrect; erroneous
  3. inferior; poor; substandard
    唱得好差 [Cantonese]  ―  coeng3 dak1 hou2 caa1 [Jyutping]  ―  sing poorly
  4. difference; discrepancy
  5. mistake; wrongdoing
  6. (mathematics) difference
  7. to be short of; to fall short of
  8. to owe
  9. rather; barely; nearly; almost
  10. 11th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "divergence" (𝌐)
Synonyms
  • (wrong):
More information Variety, Location ...
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 過誤, 誤, 謬, 謬誤, 訛
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 錯, 不對, 錯誤
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 錯, 左
Taiwan 錯, 不對
Malaysia 錯, 不對
Singapore 錯, 不對
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 錯, 差
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 錯
Lanyin Mandarin Ürümqi 錯
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 錯, 拐
Wuhan 錯, 左
Guilin 錯
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 差
Yangzhou 錯
Hefei 錯
Cantonese Guangzhou 錯, 唔啱
Hong Kong 錯, 唔啱
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 錯
Macau 錯
Guangzhou (Panyu) 錯
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 唔啱
Guangzhou (Conghua) 錯
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 錯
Foshan 錯
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 錯
Foshan (Shunde) 錯
Foshan (Sanshui) 錯, 唔啱
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 錯
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 錯
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 錯
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 錯
Zhuhai (Doumen) 錯
Jiangmen (Baisha) 錯
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 錯
Taishan 錯
Kaiping (Chikan) 錯
Enping (Niujiang) 錯
Heshan (Yayao) 錯
Dongguan 錯
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 錯
Yangjiang 錯
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 唔啱, 錯
Singapore (Guangfu) 唔啱, 錯
Gan Nanchang 錯
Lichuan 錯
Hakka Meixian 差, 唔啱
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 錯
Dongguan (Qingxi) 錯
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 錯
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 錯
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 錯
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 唔著
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 唔著
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 唔著
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 唔著
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 唔著
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 唔著
Jin Taiyuan 錯, 不對, 差
Northern Min Jian'ou 錯
Eastern Min Fuzhou 賺
Matsu 賺
Southern Min Xiamen 賺, 毋著
Quanzhou 賺, 毋著
Shishi 賺
Zhangzhou 賺, 毋著
Zhao'an 毋著
Taipei 毋著
Kaohsiung 毋著
Penang (Hokkien) salah, 毋著, 賺
Singapore (Hokkien) salah, 毋著
Manila (Hokkien) 毋著, 賺
Chaozhou 賺
Shantou 賺, 唔對, 唔著
Jieyang 賺
Singapore (Teochew) salah, 唔著, 賺
Leizhou 無著
Wenchang 無著
Haikou 錯
Singapore (Hainanese) 無著
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 錯, 唔啱
Wu Shanghai 錯
Suzhou 錯
Ningbo 錯, 賺
Wenzhou 賺
Jinhua 賺
Xiang Changsha 錯, 左
Shuangfeng 造, 錯
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Dialectal synonyms of 錯 (“wrong”) [map]
  • (to be short of):
More information Variety, Location ...
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 差
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 差
Singapore 差
Cantonese Hong Kong 差, 爭
Southern Min Singapore (Hokkien) 減
Close
Dialectal synonyms of 差 (“to be short of; to fall short of”) [map]
  • (inferior):

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

More information Rime, Character ...
Rime
Character 差
Reading # 3/5
Initial (聲) 初 (19)
Final (韻) 皆 (33)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 楚皆切
Baxter tsrheaj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ʃʰˠɛi/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʈ͡ʂʰᵚæi/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ʃʰɐi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʈ͡ʂʰəɨj/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ʃʰɛi/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ʃʰɐi/
Bernhard
Karlgren		 /ʈ͡ʂʰăi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 chāi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 caai1
Close
More information Character, Reading # ...
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 差 差
Reading # 2/5 3/5
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 chāi chāi
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsrhɛ › ‹ tsrhɛj ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[tsʰ]raj/ /*[tsʰ](ˁ)raj/
English distinction; to select distinction; to select

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Close
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 差
Reading # 1/6
No. 18029
Phonetic
component		 左
Rime
group		 歌
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese		 /*sʰraːl/
Close
Note:
  • chhe/chhee - vernacular;
  • chhai - literary.

Definitions

差

  1. to dispatch; to assign; to send on an errand
  2. to select; to choose
  3. (historical) runner; courier; envoy; messenger
  4. (historical) corvée
  5. errand; task

Compounds

  • 丁差
  • 交差 (jiāochāi)
  • 信差 (xìnchāi)
  • 公差 (gōngchāi)
  • 兼差 (jiānchāi)
  • 出公差
  • 出大差
  • 出差 (chūchāi)
  • 出差費 / 出差费
  • 出紅差 / 出红差
  • 到差
  • 報差 / 报差
  • 大差
  • 夫差
  • 官差 (guānchāi)
  • 專差 / 专差
  • 小差事兒 / 小差事儿
  • 差事
  • 差人
  • 差使
  • 差佬
  • 差委
  • 差婆
  • 差官
  • 差役 (chāiyì)
  • 差批
  • 差排
  • 差撥 / 差拨
  • 差旅費 / 差旅费 (chāilǚfèi)
  • 差法
  • 差發 / 差发
  • 差票
  • 差置
  • 差輪 / 差轮
  • 差遣 (chāiqiǎn)
  • 差錢 / 差钱
  • 差除
  • 帶俸差操 / 带俸差操
  • 得差
  • 打差
  • 承差
  • 押差
  • 搪差使
  • 撤差 (chèchāi)
  • 放富差貧 / 放富差贫
  • 欽差 / 钦差 (qīnchāi)
  • 欽差大臣 / 钦差大臣 (qīnchāidàchén)
  • 當差 / 当差 (dāngchāi)
  • 當差的 / 当差的
  • 白差使
  • 皁差 / 皂差
  • 皇帝不差餓兵 / 皇帝不差饿兵
  • 神差鬼使
  • 科差
  • 緊差緊做 / 紧差紧做
  • 考差
  • 聽差 / 听差 (tīngchāi)
  • 苦差事
  • 解差
  • 調差 / 调差
  • 貓兒頭差事 / 猫儿头差事
  • 賣富差貧 / 卖富差贫
  • 辦差 / 办差 (bànchāi)
  • 郵差 / 邮差 (yóuchāi)
  • 銷差 / 销差
  • 開小差 / 开小差 (kāi xiǎochāi)
  • 開差 / 开差
  • 面子上的差使
  • 鬼使神差
  • 點差 / 点差

Pronunciation 3

More information Rime, Character ...
Rime
Character 差
Reading # 1/5
Initial (聲) 初 (19)
Final (韻) 支 (13)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 楚宜切
Baxter tsrhje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ʃʰˠiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʈ͡ʂʰᵚiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ʃʰiɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʈ͡ʂʰjiə̆/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ʃʰje/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ʃʰǐe/
Bernhard
Karlgren		 /ʈ͡ʂʰie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 chī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 ci1
Close
More information Character, Reading # ...
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 差
Reading # 4/5
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 cī
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsrhje ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tsʰraj/
English 參差 uneven

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Close
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 差
Reading # 6/6
No. 18042
Phonetic
component		 左
Rime
group		 歌
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 差
Old
Chinese		 /*sʰral/
Notes 見孟子
Close

Definitions

差

  1. uneven; irregular; rough
    參差／参差  ―  cēncī  ―  uneven
  2. to distinguish; to grade; to classify
  3. grade; rank
  4. limit; boundary

Compounds

Pronunciation 4

More information Character, Reading # ...
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 差
Reading # 5/5
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 cuō
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsha ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[tsʰ]ˁaj/
English rub, polish, file (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Close

Definitions

差

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Original form of 搓 (cuō, “to rub with one's hands; to scrub; to twist”).

Compounds

  • 扳差頭 / 扳差头
  • 景差

Pronunciation 5

More information Rime, Character ...
Rime
Character 差
Reading # 5/5
Initial (聲) 初 (19)
Final (韻) 佳 (31)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 楚懈切
Baxter tsrheaH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ʃʰˠɛH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʈ͡ʂʰᵚæH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ʃʰæiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʈ͡ʂʰaɨjH/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ʃʰɛH/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ʃʰaiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren		 /ʈ͡ʂʰaiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 chài
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 caai3
Close
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 差
Reading # 5/6
No. 18039
Phonetic
component		 左
Rime
group		 歌
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 差
Old
Chinese		 /*sʰreːls/
Notes 見方言後作瘥
Close

Definitions

差

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Original form of 瘥 (chài, “to recover from an illness”).

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