鐘

See also: 鍾, 钟, and 鈡

鐘 U+9418, 鐘 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9418 ← 鐗 [U+9417] CJK Unified Ideographs 鐙 → [U+9419]

Translingual

Han character

鐘 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+12, 20 strokes, cangjie input 金卜廿土 (CYTG), four-corner 8011₄, composition ⿰釒童)

Derived characters

• 𢺚

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1323, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40902
• Dae Jaweon: page 1822, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4258, character 6
• Unihan data for U+9418

Chinese

trad.		鐘
simp.		钟*
alternative forms		鍾 銿 鈡／钟

Wikipedia has an article on:

• 鐘姓

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 鐘
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

	Old Chinese
撞	*rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
幢	*rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
橦	*rdoːŋ, *doːŋ, *tjoŋ
噇	*rdoːŋ
𩪘	*rdoːŋ
艟	*rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
憧	*rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
畽	*tʰoːnʔ, *tʰuːnʔ
董	*toːŋʔ
蕫	*toːŋʔ, *doːŋ
箽	*toːŋʔ
懂	*toːŋʔ
湩	*toːŋs, *tuːŋʔ, *toŋs
曈	*tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
童	*doːŋ
僮	*doːŋ
瞳	*doːŋ
罿	*doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
犝	*doːŋ
潼	*doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
穜	*doːŋ, *doŋ
動	*doːŋʔ
慟	*doːŋs
堹	*toŋs
諥	*toŋs
蹱	*tʰoŋ, *tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ
重	*doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs
緟	*doŋ, *doŋs
蝩	*doŋ
褈	*doŋ, *tʰjoŋ
鐘	*tjoŋ, *tjoŋ
鍾	*tjoŋ
籦	*tjoŋ
種	*tjoŋʔ, *tjoŋs
腫	*tjoŋʔ
踵	*tjoŋʔ
歱	*tjoŋʔ
喠	*tjoŋʔ, *tʰjoŋʔ
偅	*tjoŋs
衝	*tʰjoŋ
揰	*tʰjoŋs
尰	*djoŋʔ

Characters in the same phonetic series (重) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjoŋ, *tjoŋ) : semantic 金 + phonetic 童 (OC *doːŋ).

Pronunciation

Variety	Location	edit 鐘
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂuŋ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡suŋ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡suŋ²¹/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂuŋ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ʈ͡ʂəŋ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂuŋ²⁴/
	Xi'an	/p͡fəŋ²¹/
	Xining	/ʈ͡ʂuə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂuŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/p͡fə̃n³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ʈ͡ʂuŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂoŋ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂoŋ³¹/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂəŋ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡suəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡suŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡sũŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡soŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡soŋ³³/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕyɔ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sʌ̃³¹/
	Tunxi	/t͡san¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/ʈ͡ʂoŋ³³/
	Xiangtan	/ʈ͡ʂən³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡suŋ⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡suŋ⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/tʃuŋ²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
	Nanning	/t͡suŋ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/t͡suŋ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵/ /t͡siŋ⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/t͡syŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/t͡sœyŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/t͡seŋ³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/toŋ²³/ /t͡soŋ²³/ /t͡siaŋ²³/

Rime
Character	鐘
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	職容切
Baxter	tsyowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuawŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕioŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭwoŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung1

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鐘
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhōng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyowng ›
Old Chinese	/*toŋ/
English	bell
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鐘	鐘
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	17465	17467
Phonetic component	重	重
Rime group	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	鍾	鍾
Old Chinese	/*tjoŋ/	/*tjoŋ/

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zhōng (zhong¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zong¹

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җун (žun, I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zung¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): zuung¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): zung¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chûng

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zung¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): zung¹
• Northern Min (KCR): cé̤ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): cṳ̆ng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): cheng / chiong

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹tson
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zhong¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhong
    • Wade–Giles: chung¹
    • Yale: jūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jong
    • Palladius: чжун (čžun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: zong¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zung
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җун (žun, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂuŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zung¹
    • Yale: jūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: zuung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵŋ³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: zung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suŋ⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: zung^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʊŋ⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: zung¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sũŋ¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cé̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœyŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cṳ̆ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng / chiong
    • Tâi-lô: tsing / tsiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zefng, ciofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ³³/, /t͡siɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

• cheng - vernacular;
• chiong - literary.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zêng¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tseng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡seŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹tson
    • MiniDict: tson^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tson
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡soŋ⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: zhong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ³³/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡sən³³/

---

• Dialectal data

---

• Middle Chinese: tsyowng

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*toŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tjoŋ/

Definitions

鐘

1. bell (Classifier: 架; 座)

   那個鐘每小時響一次。 [MSC, trad.]
   那个钟每小时响一次。 [MSC, simp.]

   Nà ge zhōng měi xiǎoshí xiǎng yīcì. [Pinyin]

   That bell rings once every hour.

2. clock (Classifier: 架; 座)

   這個鐘快了，所以我把它校準了。 [MSC, trad.]
   这个钟快了，所以我把它校准了。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè ge zhōng kuài le, suǒyǐ wǒ bǎ tā jiàozhǔn le. [Pinyin]

   The clock was fast so I corrected it.

3. time measured in hours and minutes

   點鐘／点钟  ―  diǎnzhōng  ―  o'clock

   分鐘／分钟  ―  fēnzhōng  ―  minute

   秒鐘／秒钟  ―  miǎozhōng  ―  second

4. (Cantonese) hour (Classifier: 個／个; 粒; 句)
5. (Cantonese, in general) time
6. (Cantonese, colloquial) time, services of prostitutes
7. (historical) metal ceremonial percussion instrument hung from a rack and struck with a mallet
8. Alternative form of 鍾／钟 (zhōng, “unit of capacity”)
9. a surname

Usage notes

• The surname (鐘／钟 (zhōng)) is different from the surname 鍾／锺 (zhōng).

Synonyms

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		小時 ‡, 鐘頭 †, 鐘點
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	小時 ‡, 鐘頭 †
	Harbin	鐘頭 †, 鐘點兒 †
	Malaysia	小時 †
	Singapore	小時 †, 鐘頭 †
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	鐘頭 †
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	鐘頭兒 †, 鐘點兒 †
	Wanrong	鐘頭兒 †
Southwestern Mandarin	Liuzhou	鐘頭 †
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	鐘頭子 †
Cantonese	Guangzhou	鐘 †, *, 鐘頭 †, 點鐘 ×
	Hong Kong	鐘 †, §, 鐘頭 †
	Taishan	鐘頭 †
	Dongguan	點鐘 ×
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	鐘 †
	Penang (Guangfu)	鐘 †
	Singapore (Guangfu)	鐘 †
Gan	Nanchang	鐘頭 †
	Lichuan	鐘頭 †
Hakka	Meixian	點鐘 ×
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	點鐘 ×
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	點鐘 ×
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	點鐘 ×
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	點鐘 ×
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	點鐘 ×
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	點鐘 ×
Huizhou	Jixi	鐘頭 †
Jin	Taiyuan	鐘頭 †
Northern Min	Jian'ou	點鐘 ×, 鐘頭 ¶
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	點鐘 ×
	Singapore (Fuqing)	點鐘 ×
Southern Min	Xiamen	點鐘 ×
	Shishi	點鐘 ×
	Tainan	點鐘 ×
	Penang (Hokkien)	點鐘 ×
	Singapore (Hokkien)	點鐘 ×
	Manila (Hokkien)	點鐘 ×
	Chaozhou	點鐘 ×
	Shantou	點鐘 ×
	Shantou (Chenghai)	點鐘 ×
	Jieyang	點鐘 ×
	Singapore (Teochew)	點鐘 ×
	Haikou	鐘頭 †
	Singapore (Hainanese)	點鐘 ×
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	鐘 †, 鐘頭 †, 點鐘 ×
	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	點鐘 ×
Wu	Shanghai	鐘頭 †
	Danyang	鐘頭 †
	Ningbo	鐘頭 †
Note	† - requires the classifier 個; ‡ - can be used with or without the classifier 個; § - requires the classifier 粒; * - requires the classifier 句; ¶ - requires the classifier 隻; × - cannot be used with a classifier

Dialectal synonyms of 小時 (“hour (counting)”) [map]

Compounds

• A鐘／A钟
• 出鐘／出钟
• 分鐘／分钟 (fēnzhōng)
• 原子鐘／原子钟 (yuánzǐzhōng)
• 彈鐘／弹钟
• 打鐘／打钟
• 掩耳盜鐘／掩耳盗钟
• 掛鐘／挂钟 (guàzhōng)
• 揼波鐘／揼波钟
• 旺鐘／旺钟
• 時鐘／时钟 (shízhōng)
• 棋鐘／棋钟 (qízhōng)
• 私鐘／私钟
• 秒鐘／秒钟 (miǎozhōng)
• 管鐘／管钟 (guǎnzhōng)
• 編鐘／编钟 (biānzhōng)
• 老爺鐘／老爷钟 (lǎoyézhōng)
• 試鐘／试钟
• 警鐘／警钟 (jǐngzhōng)
• 買鐘／买钟
• 過鐘／过钟
• 鎛鐘／镈钟
• 鐘乳石／钟乳石 (zhōngrǔshí)
• 鐘擺／钟摆 (zhōngbǎi)
• 鐘樓／钟楼 (zhōnglóu)
• 鐘片琴／钟片琴 (zhōngpiànqín)
• 鐘琴／钟琴 (zhōngqín)
• 鐘簴／钟簴
• 鐘虡／钟虡
• 鐘頭／钟头 (zhōngtóu)
• 鐘點／钟点 (zhōngdiǎn)
• 鐘點工／钟点工 (zhōngdiǎngōng)
• 鐘鼎文／钟鼎文 (zhōngdǐngwén)
• 香鐘／香钟
• 鬧鐘／闹钟 (nàozhōng)
• 齋鐘／斋钟

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (鐘):

• → Japanese: 鐘(しょう) (shō)
• → Korean: 종(鐘) (jong)

Others

• → Middle Vietnamese: chuâng
  • Vietnamese: chuông

References

• “鐘”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 鐘

鐘

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: しゅ (shu)
• Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)
• Kun: かね (kane, 鐘, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 黄鐘調(おうしきちょう) (ōshikichō)
• 編鐘(へんしょう) (henshō): bianzhong

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
鐘
かね Grade: S
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かね [kàné] (Heiban – [0])^[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠ne̞]

Noun

鐘(かね) • (kane) 

1. bell

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鐘
しょう Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しょー [shóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [ɕo̞ː]

Noun

鐘(しょう) • (shō) 

1. bell

Derived terms

• 鐘楼(しょうろう) (shōrō)
• 巨鐘(きょしょう) (kyoshō)
• 警鐘(けいしょう) (keishō)
• 半鐘(はんしょう) (hanshō)
• 晩鐘(ばんしょう) (banshō)
• 暮鐘(ぼしょう) (boshō)
• 鳴鐘(めいしょう) (meishō)

References

1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [종]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

鐘

Wikisource 鐘 (eumhun 쇠북 종 (soebuk jong))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鐘: Hán Nôm readings: chung, chuông

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.