glas

See also: Glas, glás, and glas'

Afrikaans

Etymology

Inherited from Dutch glas, from Middle Dutch glas, from Old Dutch glas, from Proto-West Germanic *glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /χlas/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

glas (plural glase, diminutive glasie)

1. (uncountable) glass (material)
2. (countable) glass (vessel)

Derived terms

• glashuis

Breton

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Breton glas, Proto-Brythonic *glas, from Proto-Celtic *glastos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡlɑːs/

Adjective

glas

1. blue
2. green

Cimbrian

Etymology

Inherited from Middle High German glas, from Old High German glas, from Proto-West Germanic *glas, Proto-Germanic *glasą (“glass”). Cognate with German Glas, English glass.

Noun

glas n (plural gléezar, diminutive glèzale) (Luserna, Sette Comuni)

1. glass (material)

   de gléezar 'me béestre ― window panes

2. glass (drinking vessel)

   Synonym: tatza

   an glas bàin ― a glass of wine

Derived terms

• gléezaran

References

• “glas” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
• “glas” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Cornish

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Cornish glas, from Proto-Brythonic *glas, from Proto-Celtic *glastos.

Pronunciation

• (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA^(key): [ɡlaːz]
• (Revived Late Cornish) IPA^(key): [ɡlæːz]

Adjective

glas

1. blue

   Synonym: blou

2. green (of living things)
3. gray / grey

Mutation

Cornish consonant mutation
unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed	mixed after 'th
glas	las	unchanged	klas	unchanged	unchanged

  Mutation of glas  

See also

Colors in Cornish · liwyow (layout · text)

gwynn	loos, glas	du
rudh; kogh	rudhvelyn; gell, gorm	melyn
	gwyrdh, glas
		glas
glasrudh, purpur	majenta; purpur, glasrudh	gwynnrudh, kigliw

Dalmatian

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *glacium/-a, from Latin glaciēs.

Noun

glas m

1. ice
   • el glas se scomiença desfúar

     the ice begins to melt

Related terms

• glazait

References

Bartoli, Matteo (1906) Il Dalmatico: Resti di un’antica lingua romanza parlata da Veglia a Ragusa e sua collocazione nella Romània appenino-balcanica, Rome: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, published 2000, page 275

Danish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Norse glas(keri), itself borrowed from Middle Low German glas, from Old Saxon glas.

Noun

glas n (singular definite glasset, plural indefinite glas)

1. (uncountable) glass (substance)
2. glass (drinking vessel)
3. (nautical) bells, a mark given by the bells of a ship every half hour to mark the passing of time during a four-hour watch. There were eight bells per watch and then the counting started from the beginning.

Inflection

neuter gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	glas	glasset	glas	glassene
genitive	glas'	glassets	glas'	glassenes

Declension of glas

Derived terms

• forstørrelsesglas

Descendants

• → Icelandic: glas

Further reading

• “glas” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “glas” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Dutch

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Dutch glas, from Old Dutch glas, from Proto-West Germanic *glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”). Compare Low German Glas, German Glas, English glass, West Frisian glês, Icelandic gler.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣlɑs/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: glas
• Rhymes: -ɑs

Noun

glas n (plural glazen, diminutive glaasje n)

1. (uncountable) glass (material)

   Vensters zijn gemaakt van glas. ― Windows are made of glass.

2. (countable) glass (vessel)

   Staan er al glazen op tafel? ― Are there glasses on the table yet?

3. (countable) glass (quantity)

   Drink even een glas water. ― Drink a glass of water.

Derived terms

• bierglas
• gebrandschilderd glas
• glas-in-lood
• glasachtig
• glasraam
• glazen
• glazenwasser
• koetsiersglas
• melkglas
• opaalglas
• theeglas
• wijnglas

 

Descendants

• Afrikaans: glas
• Berbice Creole Dutch: glasi
• Negerhollands: glas
• → Caribbean Hindustani: gilás
• → Caribbean Javanese: gelas
• → Indonesian: gelas
• → Japanese: ガラス (garasu)
• → Papiamentu: glas
• → Sranan Tongo: grasi
  • → Kari'na: kalasi (or directly)

Further reading

• “glas” in Woordenlijst Nederlandse Taal – Officiële Spelling, Nederlandse Taalunie. [the official spelling word list for the Dutch language]

Anagrams

• slag

Faroese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Norse glas(keri), itself borrowed from Middle Low German glas, from Old Saxon glas.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /klɛaːs/

Noun

glas n (genitive singular glas, plural gløs)

1. glass (material)
2. glass (beverage container)
3. glass (quantity)
4. little bottle

Declension

Declension of glas
n12	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	glas	glasið	gløs	gløsini
accusative	glas	glasið	gløs	gløsini
dative	glasi	glasinum	gløsum	gløsunum
genitive	glas	glasins	glasa	glasanna

French

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *classum, from Latin classicum (“trumpet signal”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡla/ ~ /ɡlɑ/
• (France) IPA^(key): /ɡla/ ~ /ɡlɑ/

• Audio (Paris):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑ

Noun

glas m (plural glas)

1. (funeral) bell
2. (figuratively) death knell (omen)

Derived terms

• sonner le glas

Further reading

• “glas”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Haitian Creole

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlas/

Etymology 1

Noun

glas

1. mirror

Etymology 2

Derived from French glace (“ice”).

Noun

glas

1. ice

Related terms

• glase

Icelandic

Etymology

Inherited from Old Norse glas(keri), itself borrowed from Middle Low German glas, from Old Saxon glas.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /klaːs/
• Rhymes: -aːs

Noun

glas n (genitive singular glass, nominative plural glös)

1. glass (beverage container)

Declension

Declension of glas
n-s	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	glas	glasið	glös	glösin
accusative	glas	glasið	glös	glösin
dative	glasi	glasinu	glösum	glösunum
genitive	glass	glassins	glasa	glasanna

Derived terms

• andaglas
• stundaglas
• tilraunaglas
• vatnsglas

 

Irish

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Distinguishing blue from green in Celtic languages

Wikipedia

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /ɡl̪ˠɑsˠ/^[1]
• (Aran) IPA^(key): /ɡlɑsˠ/^[2]
• (Connemara) IPA^(key): /ɡl̪ˠasˠ/
• (Mayo, Ulster) IPA^(key): /ɡlˠasˠ/, /ɡl̪ˠasˠ/^[3]

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Irish glas, from Proto-Celtic *glastos.

Adjective

glas (genitive singular masculine glais, genitive singular feminine glaise, plural glasa, comparative glaise)

1. green (of grass, trees, etc.; environmentally friendly)

   Is glas na cnoic i bhfad uainn (proverb)

   Far-off hills are green.

2. raw, inexperienced
3. pale, having a sickly color
4. grey (of animals, etc.)
5. raw (of weather)

Declension

	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
Nominative	glas	ghlas	glasa; ghlasa²
Vocative	ghlais		glasa
Genitive		glaise	glasa	glas
Dative	glas; ghlas¹	ghlas; ghlais (archaic)	glasa; ghlasa²
Comparative	níos glaise
Superlative	is glaise

Declension of glas

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

• arán glas (“wall pennywort”)
• barrghlas (“green-topped”)
• glas- (“green”)
• Glasach (“Green”)
• glasaigh (“become green”)
• glasóg f (“wagtail”)
• glasra (“greenery; vegetable”)
• scothghlas (“greenish”, adjective)

 

Noun

glas m (genitive singular glais)

1. green (colour)

Declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun) Case Singular Nominative glas Vocative a ghlais Genitive glais Dative glas

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Nominative an glas Genitive an ghlais Dative leis an nglas don ghlas

Declension of glas

First declension

Verb

glas (present analytic glasann, future analytic glasfaidh, verbal noun glasadh, past participle glasta)

1. (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of glasaigh (“become green”)

Conjugation

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	glasaim	glasann tú; glasair†	glasann sé, sí	glasaimid	glasann sibh	glasann siad; glasaid†	a ghlasann; a ghlasas / a nglasann*	glastar
	past	ghlas mé; ghlasas	ghlas tú; ghlasais	ghlas sé, sí	ghlasamar; ghlas muid	ghlas sibh; ghlasabhair	ghlas siad; ghlasadar	a ghlas / ar ghlas*	glasadh
	past habitual	ghlasainn / nglasainn‡‡	ghlastá / nglastᇇ	ghlasadh sé, sí / nglasadh sé, s퇇	ghlasaimis; ghlasadh muid / nglasaimis‡‡; nglasadh muid‡‡	ghlasadh sibh / nglasadh sibh‡‡	ghlasaidís; ghlasadh siad / nglasaidís‡‡; nglasadh siad‡‡	a ghlasadh / a nglasadh*	ghlastaí / nglasta퇇
future		glasfaidh mé; glasfad	glasfaidh tú; glasfair†	glasfaidh sé, sí	glasfaimid; glasfaidh muid	glasfaidh sibh	glasfaidh siad; glasfaid†	a ghlasfaidh; a ghlasfas / a nglasfaidh*	glasfar
conditional		ghlasfainn / nglasfainn‡‡	ghlasfá / nglasfᇇ	ghlasfadh sé, sí / nglasfadh sé, s퇇	ghlasfaimis; ghlasfadh muid / nglasfaimis‡‡; nglasfadh muid‡‡	ghlasfadh sibh / nglasfadh sibh‡‡	ghlasfaidís; ghlasfadh siad / nglasfaidís‡‡; nglasfadh siad‡‡	a ghlasfadh / a nglasfadh*	ghlasfaí / nglasfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go nglasa mé; go nglasad†	go nglasa tú; go nglasair†	go nglasa sé, sí	go nglasaimid; go nglasa muid	go nglasa sibh	go nglasa siad; go nglasaid†	—	go nglastar
	past	dá nglasainn	dá nglastá	dá nglasadh sé, sí	dá nglasaimis; dá nglasadh muid	dá nglasadh sibh	dá nglasaidís; dá nglasadh siad	—	dá nglastaí
imperative		glasaim	glas	glasadh sé, sí	glasaimis	glasaigí; glasaidh†	glasaidís	—	glastar
verbal noun		glasadh
past participle		glasta

conjugation of glas (first conjugation – A)

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

See also

Colors in Irish · dathanna (layout · text)

bán	liath	dubh
dearg; corcairdhearg	oráiste, flannbhuí; donn	buí; bánbhuí
líoma-ghlas, glas líoma	glas, uaine	dath an mhiontais
cian	gormghlas, spéirghorm	gorm
corcairghorm; indeagó	maigeanta; corcra	bándearg

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Irish glas (“clasp, lock”).

Noun

glas m (genitive singular glais, nominative plural glais)

1. lock

   Is fearr glas ná amhras. (proverb)

   Better safe than sorry.

Declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative glas glais Vocative a ghlais a ghlasa Genitive glais glas Dative glas glais

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an glas na glais Genitive an ghlais na nglas Dative leis an nglas don ghlas leis na glais

Declension of glas

First declension

Derived terms

• deasc ghlais (“lock-up desk”)
• faoi ghlas (“under lock and key”)
• glais lámh (“handcuffs”)
• glas ascaille (“arm-lock”)
• glas cinn (“head-lock”)
• glas cip (“wooden bolt”)
• glas coime (“waist-lock”)
• glas crochta (“padlock”)
• glas dúbailte (“double lock”)
• glas fiacla (“lock-jaw”)
• glas fraincín (“padlock”)
• glas gunna (“gun-lock”)
• glas moirtíse (“mortise-lock”)
• glas- (“locked, tight, secure”)
• glasadóir (“locksmith”)
• glasáil (“lock”, transitive verb)
• glasaire (“locksmith”)

 

Etymology 3

Inherited from Old Irish glais, glaise, glas.

Noun

glas f (genitive singular glaise, nominative plural glasa)

1. rivulet, stream

Declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative glas glasa Vocative a ghlas a ghlasa Genitive glaise glas Dative glas glasa

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an ghlas na glasa Genitive na glaise na nglas Dative leis an nglas don ghlas leis na glasa

Declension of glas

Second declension

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
glas	ghlas	nglas
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

1. Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 38, page 21
2. Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 125
3. Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 98, page 39

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “glas”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “glas”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “glas”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

Middle Dutch

Etymology

Inherited from Old Dutch glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣlas/

Noun

glas n

1. glass (substance)

Descendants

• Dutch: glas
  • Afrikaans: glas
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: glasi
  • Negerhollands: glas
  • → Caribbean Hindustani: gilás
  • → Caribbean Javanese: gelas
  • → Indonesian: gelas
  • → Japanese: ガラス (garasu)
  • → Papiamentu: glas
  • → Sranan Tongo: grasi
    • → Kari'na: kalasi (or directly)
• Limburgish: glaas

Further reading

• “glas”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “glas”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

Middle English

Alternative forms

• glace, glasce, glass, glasse

Etymology

Inherited from Old English glæs, from Proto-West Germanic *glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡlas/, /ˈɡlaːs/, /ˈɡlɛs/

Noun

glas (plural glasses)

1. Glass (substance made with melted sand):
   • a. 1394, Geoffrey Chaucer, “General Prologue”, in The Canterbury Tales‎, lines 151–152:

     Ful semyly hir wympul pynched was /Hir nose tretys, hir eyen greye as glas […]

     Her wimple was folded in quite a seemly way / Her nose [was] slender; her eyes [were] grey like glass […]

2. An object made of or containing glass:
   1. A glass; a cup or drinking-vessel made of glass.
   2. A box, receptacle, or vessel made of glass.
   3. A mirror made of glass; a piece of glass for personal grooming.
   4. (rare) A sandglass; a sand timer.
3. Ground-up glass as used in alchemy and pharmaceuticals.
4. A kind of crystal similar in appearance to glass.
5. (rare) A shard or fragment of glass.

Related terms

• glasen
• glasier
• glasy
• glasynge

 

Descendants

• English: glass (see there for further descendants)
• Scots: gless, glass

References

• “glas, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-20.

Northern Kurdish

glas

Noun

glas f

1. glass (substance)

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

glas n (definite singular glaset, indefinite plural glas, definite plural glasa or glasene)

1. form removed with the spelling reform of 2005; superseded by glass

Norwegian Nynorsk

Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:

glas

Wikipedia ⁿⁿ

Etymology

Derived from Middle Low German glas.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlɑːs/

Noun

glas n (definite singular glaset, indefinite plural glas, definite plural glasa)

1. glass (hard and transparent material)
2. glass (drink container made of glass)
3. window

See also

• glass (Bokmål)

References

• “glas” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlas/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *glastos.

Adjective

glas

1. green, greenish (especially of growing things, grass, trees, etc.)
2. blue, green-blue, grey-blue
3. the colour of the blue dye extracted from woad
4. metallic in colour
5. the colour of frost or ice
6. shades of grey
7. wan (of complexion)
8. bluish, livid, discolored
9. faded (of clothing)

Inflection

o/ā-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	glas	glas	glas
Vocative	glais* glas**
Accusative	glas	glais
Genitive	glais	glaise	glais
Dative	glas	glais	glas
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	glais	glasa
Vocative	glasu glasa†
Accusative	glasu glasa†
Genitive	glas
Dative	glasaib
Notes	*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized

Descendants

• Irish: glas
• Manx: glass
• Scottish Gaelic: glas

Etymology 2

From earlier *glapsâ, which could be related to Old English clyppan (“to clasp, embrace, hold onto”).

Noun

glas m or f

1. lock, fetter, clasp, bolt
2. winding up, conclusion

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	glas	glasL	glaisL
Vocative	glais	glasL	glasuH
Accusative	glasN	glasL	glasuH
Genitive	glaisL	glas	glasN
Dative	glasL	glasaib	glasaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: glas
• Manx: glass
• Scottish Gaelic: glas

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
glas	glas pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/	nglas
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 glas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 glas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “glas”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎, Stirling, →ISBN, page 196

Old Saxon

Alternative forms

• glar

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”). Cognate with Old English glæs, Old Dutch glas, Old Frisian gles, Old High German glas, clas, Old Norse gler.

Noun

glas n

1. glass

Descendants

• Middle Low German: glas, glār
  • German Low German: Glas
  • Plautdietsch: Glauss
  • → Old Norse: *glas
    • Faroese: glas
    • Norwegian Bokmål: glass
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: glas
    • Old Swedish: glas
      • Swedish: glas
    • Old Danish: glas
      • Danish: glas
        • → Icelandic: glas
    • → Finnish: lasi (see there for further descendants)
    • ⇒ Old Norse: glaskeri

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic гласъ (glasŭ, “voice”), from Proto-Slavic *golsъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlas/
• Rhymes: -as

Noun

glas n (plural glasuri)

1. (now relatively literary) voice
2. (music) mode of Orthodox chant, of which there are eight
3. (obsolete) words, speech
4. (obsolete) news

Declension

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) glas	glasul	(niște) glasuri	glasurile
genitive/dative	(unui) glas	glasului	(unor) glasuri	glasurilor
vocative	glasule		glasurilor

Declension of glas

Derived terms

• glasnic
• glăscior
• glăsi
• glăsui

 

References

• glas in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish [Term?], from Old Irish glas (descriptive of various shades of light green and blue, passing from grass-green to grey). Cognates include Irish glas and Manx glass.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kl̪ˠas̪/
• Hyphenation: glas

Adjective

glas (comparative glaise)

1. green (natural; of grass, trees, etc.)

   Synonym: gorm

2. green (unripe)
3. (figurative) green (inexperienced)
4. grey (of sheep, horses, cloth, wool, etc.; also of eyes)
5. pale, wan, sallow

Declension

	Masculine	Feminine	Plural
Nominative	glas	ghlas	glasa
Genitive	ghlais	glaise	glasa
Dative	glas	ghlais	glasa
Vocative	ghlais	ghlas	glasa

Declension of glas (type I adjective)

Derived terms

• smeòrach-ghlas

 

Verb

glas

1. (intransitive) to pale; to turn grey

Conjugation

		singular			plural			impersonal
		first	second	third m/f	first	second	third
independent	past	ghlas mi	ghlas tu	ghlas e/i	ghlas sinn	ghlas sibh	ghlas iad	ghlasadh
	future	glasaidh mi	glasaidh tu	glasaidh e/i	glasaidh sinn	glasaidh sibh	glasaidh iad	glasar glastar
	conditional	ghlasainn	ghlasadh tu	ghlasadh e/i	ghlasamaid ghlasadh sinn	ghlasadh sibh	ghlasadh iad	ghlastadh ghlasaist1 ghlasaiste1
negative	past	cha do ghlas mi	cha do ghlas tu	cha do ghlas e/i	cha do ghlas sinn	cha do ghlas sibh	cha do ghlas iad	cha do ghlasadh
	future	cha ghlas mi	cha ghlas tu	cha ghlas e/i	cha ghlas sinn	cha ghlas sibh	cha ghlas iad	cha ghlasar cha ghlastar
	conditional	cha ghlasainn	cha ghlasadh tu	cha ghlasadh e/i	cha ghlasamaid cha ghlasadh sinn	cha ghlasadh sibh	cha ghlasadh iad	cha ghlastadh cha ghlasaist1 cha ghlasaiste1
affirmative interrogative	past	an do ghlas mi?	an do ghlas tu?	an do ghlas e/i?	an do ghlas sinn?	an do ghlas sibh?	an do ghlas iad?	an do ghlasadh?
	future	an glas mi?	an glas tu?	an glas e/i?	an glas sinn?	an glas sibh?	an glas iad?	an glasar? an glastar?
	conditional	an glasainn?	an glasadh tu?	an glasadh e/i?	an glasamaid? an glasadh sinn?	an glasadh sibh?	an glasadh iad?	an glastadh? an glasaist?1 an glasaiste?1
negative interrogative	past	nach do ghlas mi?	nach do ghlas tu?	nach do ghlas e/i?	nach do ghlas sinn?	nach do ghlas sibh?	nach do ghlas iad?	nach do ghlasadh?
	future	nach glas mi?	nach glas tu?	nach glas e/i?	nach glas sinn?	nach glas sibh?	nach glas iad?	nach glasar? nach glastar?
	conditional	nach glasainn?	nach glasadh tu?	nach glasadh e/i?	nach glasamaid? nach glasadh sinn?	nach glasadh sibh?	nach glasadh iad?	nach glastadh? nach glasaist?1 nach glasaiste?1
relative future	affirmative	(ma) ghlasas mi	(ma) ghlasas tu	(ma) ghlasas e/i	(ma) ghlasas sinn	(ma) ghlasas sibh	(ma) ghlasas iad	(ma) ghlasar
	negative	(mur) glas mi	(mur) glas tu	(mur) glas e/i	(mur) glas sinn	(mur) glas sibh	(mur) glas iad	(mur) glasar (mur) glastar
imperative		glasam	glas	glasadh e/i	glasamaid	glasaibh	glasadh iad	glasar glastar
stem		glas
verbal noun		glasadh
past participle		glasta

Conjugation of glas (regular)

¹ Lewis dialect form

See also

Colors in Scottish Gaelic · dathan (layout · text)

bàn, geal	glas	dubh
dearg; ruadh	orains; donn	buidhe; donn
uaine	uaine	gorm
liath; glas	liath	gorm
purpaidh; guirmean	pinc; purpaidh	pinc

Etymology 2

From Middle Irish [Term?], from Old Irish glas (“clasp; lock”). Cognates include Irish glas and Manx glass.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kl̪ˠas̪/
• Hyphenation: glas

Noun

glas f

1. lock

Declension

Indefinite
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	glas	glasan
Genitive	glaise	ghlas
Dative	glais	glasan; glasaibh✝
Definite
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	(a') ghlas	(na) glasan
Genitive	(na) glaise	(nan) glas
Dative	(a') ghlais	(na) glasan; glasaibh✝
Vocative	ghlas	ghlasa

Declension of glas (class IIa feminine noun)

^✝ obsolete form, used until the 19th century

Derived terms

• glas-ghuib

 

Verb

glas

1. (transitive) to lock

Conjugation

		singular			plural			impersonal
		first	second	third m/f	first	second	third
independent	past	ghlas mi	ghlas tu	ghlas e/i	ghlas sinn	ghlas sibh	ghlas iad	ghlasadh
	future	glasaidh mi	glasaidh tu	glasaidh e/i	glasaidh sinn	glasaidh sibh	glasaidh iad	glasar glastar
	conditional	ghlasainn	ghlasadh tu	ghlasadh e/i	ghlasamaid ghlasadh sinn	ghlasadh sibh	ghlasadh iad	ghlastadh ghlasaist1 ghlasaiste1
negative	past	cha do ghlas mi	cha do ghlas tu	cha do ghlas e/i	cha do ghlas sinn	cha do ghlas sibh	cha do ghlas iad	cha do ghlasadh
	future	cha ghlas mi	cha ghlas tu	cha ghlas e/i	cha ghlas sinn	cha ghlas sibh	cha ghlas iad	cha ghlasar cha ghlastar
	conditional	cha ghlasainn	cha ghlasadh tu	cha ghlasadh e/i	cha ghlasamaid cha ghlasadh sinn	cha ghlasadh sibh	cha ghlasadh iad	cha ghlastadh cha ghlasaist1 cha ghlasaiste1
affirmative interrogative	past	an do ghlas mi?	an do ghlas tu?	an do ghlas e/i?	an do ghlas sinn?	an do ghlas sibh?	an do ghlas iad?	an do ghlasadh?
	future	an glas mi?	an glas tu?	an glas e/i?	an glas sinn?	an glas sibh?	an glas iad?	an glasar? an glastar?
	conditional	an glasainn?	an glasadh tu?	an glasadh e/i?	an glasamaid? an glasadh sinn?	an glasadh sibh?	an glasadh iad?	an glastadh? an glasaist?1 an glasaiste?1
negative interrogative	past	nach do ghlas mi?	nach do ghlas tu?	nach do ghlas e/i?	nach do ghlas sinn?	nach do ghlas sibh?	nach do ghlas iad?	nach do ghlasadh?
	future	nach glas mi?	nach glas tu?	nach glas e/i?	nach glas sinn?	nach glas sibh?	nach glas iad?	nach glasar? nach glastar?
	conditional	nach glasainn?	nach glasadh tu?	nach glasadh e/i?	nach glasamaid? nach glasadh sinn?	nach glasadh sibh?	nach glasadh iad?	nach glastadh? nach glasaist?1 nach glasaiste?1
relative future	affirmative	(ma) ghlasas mi	(ma) ghlasas tu	(ma) ghlasas e/i	(ma) ghlasas sinn	(ma) ghlasas sibh	(ma) ghlasas iad	(ma) ghlasar
	negative	(mur) glas mi	(mur) glas tu	(mur) glas e/i	(mur) glas sinn	(mur) glas sibh	(mur) glas iad	(mur) glasar (mur) glastar
imperative		glasam	glas	glasadh e/i	glasamaid	glasaibh	glasadh iad	glasar glastar
stem		glas
verbal noun		glasadh
past participle		glasta

Conjugation of glas (regular)

¹ Lewis dialect form

Alternative forms

• glais

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
glas	ghlas
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “glas”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Colin Mark (2003) The Gaelic-English dictionary, London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 334
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 glas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 glas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *golsъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *galsás.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlâːs/

Noun

glȃs m (Cyrillic spelling гла̑с)

1. voice
2. vote
3. (expressively) news
4. (linguistics) phone

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	glȃs	glȁsovi
genitive	glasa	glasova
dative	glasu	glasovima
accusative	glas	glasove
vocative	glase	glasovi
locative	glasu	glasovima
instrumental	glasom	glasovima

Declension of glas

Derived terms

• glȁsan

References

• “glas”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Slovene

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *golsъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *galsás.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡláːs/
• Hyphenation: glas

Noun

glȃs m inan

1. voice

   Synonyms: glasek, štima, vokal

2. vote

   Synonyms: votum, volilni glas

3. (linguistics) phone
4. sound

   Synonym: zvok

5. rumour, repute

   Synonym: govorica

6. (obsolete) message^[→SP]

   Synonyms: sporočilo, obvestilo

Declension

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First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate, -ov- infix) , long mixed accent, ending -u in genitive singular
nom. sing.	glȃs
gen. sing.	glasȗ
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	glȃs	glasȏva	glasȏvi
genitive rodȋlnik	glasȗ	glasóv	glasóv
dative dajȃlnik	glȃsu, glȃsi	glasȏvoma, glasȏvama	glasȏvom, glȃsȏvam
accusative tožȋlnik	glȃs	glasȏva	glasȏve
locative mẹ̑stnik	glȃsu, glȃsi	glasȏvih	glasȏvih
instrumental orọ̑dnik	glȃsom	glasȏvoma, glasȏvama	glasȏvi
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	glȃs	glasȏva	glasȏvi

• less common, stylistically marked in dual and plural

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First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate) , fixed accent
nom. sing.	glȃs
gen. sing.	glȃsa
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	glȃs	glȃsa	glȃsi
genitive rodȋlnik	glȃsa	glȃsov	glȃsov
dative dajȃlnik	glȃsu, glȃsi	glȃsoma, glȃsama	glȃsom, glȃsam
accusative tožȋlnik	glȃs	glȃsa	glȃse
locative mẹ̑stnik	glȃsu, glȃsi	glȃsih, glȃsah	glȃsih, glȃsah
instrumental orọ̑dnik	glȃsom	glȃsoma, glȃsama	glȃsi
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	glȃs	glȃsa	glȃsi

Derived terms

• biti glas
• biti na glasu
• dati glas od sebe
• dober glas seže v deveto vas
• domač glas
• drugi glas
• glas srca
• glas vesti
• glas vpijočega v puščavi
• glas zastane komu v grlu
• glȃsba
• glȃsbən
• glȃsbenik
• glasbílo
• glásək
• glásen
• glasȋlka
• glasílo
• glasīti
• glasník
• glasováti
• izglasováti
• ljudski glas, božji glas
• menjati glas
• na glas
• na ves glas
• naglas
• naglȁs
• naglasīti
• oglȁs
• oglasīti
• oglášati
• oglaševáti
• posvetovalni glas
• povzdigniti glas
• prazen sod ima močen glas
• preglasīti
• preglášati
• prvi glas
• razglȁs
• razglasīti
• razgláševati
• razlášati
• sladek glas
• soglásən
• soglȃsje
• soglášati
• uglasīti
• uglášati
• ugláševati
• v en glas
• zliti glas

 

Further reading

• “glas”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “glas”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references

Spanish

Adjective

glas (invariable)

1. Only used in azúcar glas

Further reading

• “glas”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Swedish

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:

glas

Wikipedia ^sv

ett glas (dricksglas)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Swedish glas, from Middle Low German glas, from Old Saxon glas.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlɑːs/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːs

Noun

glas n

1. glass (material)

   en glasmugg

   a glass mug

   en mugg av glas

   a mug made of glass

   glasblåsare

   glassblower

2. glass (vessel)

   ett glas mjölk

   a glass of milk

   ett glas saft

   a glass of cordial / squash

   ett vinglas

   a wine glass

   Glaset föll i golvet och gick i kras

   The glass fell to the floor and shattered [I (“in”) as opposed to till (“to”) puts more focus on the impact and often implies an accidental fall, though this is a fairly native-level distinction – can be thought of as a generalization of "fall in the water" and the like. "Falla till golvet" – like in English – isn't wrong either.]

Usage notes

• "A glass of X" is "ett glas X" or – less commonly – "ett glas med X" (a glass with X). "Ett glas av mjölk" means "a glass made of milk" (English "of" in that sense).
• Other containers work the same way, for example "två flaskor vin" (two bottles of wine), "en dunk bensin" (a jerry can of gas), and "en tunna potatis" (a barrel of potatoes), as well as some other means of packaging something, like "en rulle hushållspapper" (a roll of kitchen paper).

Declension

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	glas	glas
	definite	glaset	glasets
plural	indefinite	glas	glas
	definite	glasen	glasens

Declension of glas

Derived terms

• dricksglas (“drinking glass”)
• glasbruk
• glashytta
• inte spotta i glaset (“to like a drink”)

See also

• glass (“ice cream”)

References

• glas in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• glas in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• glas in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• algs, lags, slag

Tok Pisin

Etymology

Derived from English glass.

Noun

glas

1. glass (as in a glass of water)

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlaːs/
• Rhymes: -aːs

Etymology 1

Inherited from Middle Welsh and Old Welsh glas, from Proto-Brythonic *glas, from Proto-Celtic *glastos. Related to glân (“clean”), arsenig (“arsenic”), and clorin (“chlorine”).

Cognate with Cornish glas (“blue, green, grey”), Breton glas (“blue”), Irish glas (“green, grey”), Scottish Gaelic glas (“grey, green, unripe”) and Manx glass (“green, grey, pale, raw”).

Adjective

glas (feminine singular glas, plural gleision, equative glased, comparative glasach, superlative glasaf)

1. blue
2. (archaic) green (of plants), verdant, unripe

   Synonym: gwyrdd

3. (archaic) pale blue or green, slate-coloured
4. (archaic) silver

   Synonym: arian

5. early, dawning, young, raw, immature
   • 2001, Menna Elfyn, Er cof am Kelly:

     Panig wedi'r poen. / "My God its only a little girl" / Meddai'r glas filwr.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

6. gray/ grey (of a horse)

Usage notes

The word glas is used to cover a much wider range of colours than it does in modern Welsh, from green (especially of nature) through blue to slaty grey and silver. In the present-day language it corresponds to English "blue" but is occasionally found in phrases and compound words to convey other colours.

Derived terms

• blew glas (“blades of grass”)
• broclas (“grey roan”)
• glas ceiniogog (“dapple grey”)
• glas coronog (“dapple grey”)
• glas gloyw (“steel grey”)
• glas haearn (“iron grey”)
• glas y dorlan (“kingfisher”)
• glas y niwl (“love-in-a-mist”)
• glasfyfyriwr (“freshman, fresher, first-year student”)
• glasu (“to turn pale, grey or blue; to become green or verdant”)
• glaswelw (“light grey”)
• glaswelw brych las (“grey fleabitten grey, grey speckled grey”)
• glaswellt (“grass”)
• glaswyrdd, gwyrddlas (“bluish green”)
• gorau glas (“[one's] very best”)
• morlas (“sea-green, sea-blue”)

 

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
glas	las	nglas	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also

Colors in Welsh · lliwiau (layout · text)

gwyn	llwyd	du
coch; rhudd	oren, melyngoch; brown	melyn; melynwyn
melynwyrdd	gwyrdd
gwyrddlas; glaswyrdd	asur, gwynlas	glas
fioled, rhuddlas; indigo	majenta; porffor	pinc, rhuddwyn

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

glas

1. Soft mutation of clas (“cloister”).

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
clas	glas	nghlas	chlas
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.