April 7 - Wikiwand

April 7 is the 97th day of the year (98th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 268 days remaining until the end of the year.

2025 Calendar

Events

Up to 1900

451 – Attila the Hun sacks the town of Metz and attacks other cities in Gaul.
1141 – Empress Matilda becomes the first female ruler of England.
1348 – Charles University is founded in Prague.
1521 – Ferdinand Magellan reaches the island of Cebu.
1655 – Fabio Chigi is elected to become Pope Alexander VII.
1767 – End of two–year Burmese-Siamese War.
1782 – Thailand became a country.
1788 – American pioneers to the Northwest Territory arrive at the meeting point of the Ohio River and Muskingum River, opening the westward expansion of the United States.
1789 – Selim III becomes Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
1798 – The Mississippi Territory is organized from disputed territory claimed by both the United States and Spain.
1805 – Ludwig van Beethoven premieres his Third Symphony in Vienna.
1827 – John Walker, an English chemist, sells the first friction match that he had invented the previous year.
1829 – Joseph Smith begins his translation of the Book of Mormon, with Oliver Cowdery as his scribe.
1831 – Pedro I of Brazil resigns to become King of Portugal.
1862 – American Civil War: The Battle of Shiloh ends in a Union victory.
1896 – Fridtjof Nansen reaches the point furthest North of any human being up until that point.

1901 – 1950

1906 – Mount Vesuvius erupts.
1906 – The Algeciras Conference gives France and Spain control over Morocco.
1908 – H. H. Asquith becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
1919 – The Federation Francais de Football is founded.
1927 – The first long–distance television broadcast is made from Washington, DC to New York City.
1933 – Prohibition in the United States is removed for beer of no more than 3.2% alcohol by weight.
1939 – World War II: Italy invades Albania.
1940 – Booker T. Washington becomes the first African American to be depicted on a US postage stamp.
1943 – Holocaust: In Trebovlia, Ukraine, Nazi troops order 1,100 Jews to undress to their underwear and march through the city to the village of Plebanivka, where they are shot dead.
1943 – Ioannis Rallis becomes collaborationist Prime Minister of Greece during the occupation by the Axis Powers.
1945 – World War II: Japanese battleship Yamato, the largest battleship ever constructed, is sunk by American planes 200 miles north of Okinawa while on the way to a suicide mission in Operation Ten-Go.
1946 – Syria's independence is recognised.
1948 – The United Nations created the World Health Organization.
1954 – Dwight D. Eisenhower gives his "Domino Theory" speech during a news conference.
1955 – Anthony Eden replaced Winston Churchill as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
1956 – Spain relinquishes its protectorate in Morocco.
1964 – IBM announces the System/360.
1967 – Roger Ebert publishes his first movie review in the Chicago Sun–Times.
1968 – Scottish racing driver Jim Clark is killed in a crash at Hockenheim, Germany, aged 32.
1969 – The Internet's symbolic birth date.
1971 – Richard Nixon announces his decision to increase the rate of American troops withdrawals from Vietnam.
1977 – German federal prosecutor Siegfried Buback is shot dead, along with his driver, by two members of the Red Army Faction.
1978 – Development of the neutron bomb is cancelled by US President Jimmy Carter.
1980 – The United States severs diplomatic relations with Iran.
1983 – During STS-6 mission, astronauts Story Musgrave and Don Peterson perform the first space shuttle space walk.
1989 – Soviet submarine Komsomolets sinks in the Barents Sea, killing 42 people.
1990 – A fire breaks out on the passenger ferry M/S Scandinavian Star, killing 198 people.
1992 – Republika Srpska declares independence.
1994 – The Rwandan Genocide begins. One of the first victims is Rwandan Prime Minister Agathe Uwilingiyimana.
1995 – First Chechen War: Russian paramilitary troops begin a massacre of civilians in Samashki, Chechnya.
1999 – The World Trade Organization rules in favour of the United States in its long–running trade dispute with the European Union over bananas.

From 2001

2001 – The Mars Odyssey space probe is launched.
2003 – US troops capture Baghdad.
2009 – Former Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori is sentenced to 25 years in prison for ordering killings and kidnappings by security forces.
2010 – In Kyrgyzstan, President Kurmanbek Bakiyev flees the capital city Bishkek, after days of fierce rioting. Roza Otunbayeva is installed as Head of Government.
2017 – 2017 Stockholm attack: A beer lorry is driven into people in central Stockholm, killing 5 people.
2018 – A vehicle is driven into people in the city centre of Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, killing 2 people. The driver then kills himself.

Births

Up to 1850

1506 – Francis Xavier, Spanish Roman Catholic missionary (d. 1552)
1539 – Tobias Stimmer, Swiss painter (d. 1584)
1613 – Gerrit Dou, Dutch painter (d. 1675)
1629 – John of Austria the Younger, Spanish military leader and statesman (d. 1679)
1648 – John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby, English statesman and poet (d. 1721)
1652 – Pope Clement XII (d. 1740)
1713 – Nicola Sala, Italian composer and music theorist (d. 1801)
1718 – Hugh Blair, Scottish minister and writer (d. 1800)
1742 – Gunning Bedford, Sr., Governor of Delaware (d. 1797)
1763 – Domenico Dragonetti, Italian double–bass virtuoso and composer (d. 1846)
1767 – Henry Bell, Scottish engineer (d. 1830)
1770 – William Wordsworth, English poet (d. 1850)
1772 – Charles Fourier, French philosopher (d. 1837)
1786 – William R. King, 13th Vice President of the United States (d. 1853)
1803 – James Curtiss, Mayor of Chicago (d. 1859)
1803 – Flora Tristan, French writer (d. 1884)
1811 – Hasan Tahsini, Albanian astronomer, mathematician and philosopher (d. 1881)
1839 – Ida Ferenczy, Hungarian Lady-in-waiting to Elisabeth of Bavaria (d. 1928)
1847 – Jens Peder Jacobsen, Danish writer (d. 1885)
1848 – Randall Davidson, 1st Baron Davidson of Lambeth, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1930)

1851 – 1900

1853 – Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany (d. 1884)
1857 – Nazrullah Khan, Emir of Afghanistan (d. 1920)
1859 – Walter Camp, American football player, coach and writer (d. 1925)
1860 – Will Keith Kellogg, American businessman and food manufacturer (d. 1951)
1867 – Holger Pedersen, Danish linguist (d. 1953)
1868 – José de Castro, Prime Minister of Portugal (d. 1929)
1870 – Gustav Landauer, German anarchist and revolutionary (d. 1919)
1871 – Epifanio de los Santos, Filipino jurist, historian and scholar (d. 1927)
1872 – William Monroe Trotter, American newspaper editor (d. 1934)
1873 – John McGraw, American baseball player and manager (d. 1934)
1874 – Frederick Carl Frieseke, German–American painter (d. 1939)
1876 – Fay Moulton, American sprinter, football player, coach and lawyer (d. 1945)
1882 – Kurt von Schleicher, German military officer and politician, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1934)
1883 – Gino Severini, Italian painter (d. 1966)
1884 – Clement Smoot, American golfer (d. 1963)
1886 – Emilio Pujols, Catalan guitarist and composer (d. 1980)
1887 – Joseph Stadler, American jumper (d. 1950)
1889 – Gabriela Mistral, Chilean writer (d. 1945)
1890 – Paul Berth, Danish footballer (d. 1969)
1890 – Marjory Stoneman Douglas, American journalist and activist (d. 1998)
1891 – Ole Kirk Christiansen, Danish inventor, of Lego (d. 1958)
1893 – Allen Dulles, American CIA director (d. 1969)
1896 – Frits Peutz, Dutch architect (d. 1974)
1897 – Walter Winchell, American broadcaster and journalist (d. 1972)
1899 – Robert Casadesus, French pianist (d. 1972)
1900 – Jebbs Lloyd Johnson, English race walker (d. 1984)

1901 – 1950

1907 – Le Duan, Vietnamese politician (d. 1986)
1907 – John Burroughs, Governor of New Mexico (d. 1978)
1908 – Percy Faith, Canadian composer, conductor and bandleader (d. 1976)
1911 – Hervé Bazin, French writer (d. 1996)
1913 – Louise Currie, American actress (d. 2013)
1913 – Charles Vanik, American politician (d. 2007)
1914 – Charles Flanagan, American bandleader, conductor, pianist, composer and arranger (d. 1995)
1915 – Stanley Adams, American actor (d. 1977)
1915 – Billie Holiday, American jazz singer (d. 1959)
1915 – Henry Kuttner, American writer (d. 1977)
1916 – Anthony Caruso, American actor (d. 2003)
1917 – R. G. Armstrong, American actor (d. 2012)
1918 – Bobby Doerr, American baseball player and coach
1919 – Edoardo Mangiarotti, Italian fencer (d. 2012)
1920 – Ravi Shankar, Indian sitar player (d. 2012)
1924 – Johannes Mario Simmel, Austrian writer (d. 2009)
1927 – Babatunde Olatunji, Nigerian drummer, educator and activist (d. 2003)
1927 – Leonid Shcherbakov, Russian high jumper
1928 – James Garner, American actor (d. 2014)
1928 – James White, Northern Irish writer (d. 1999)
1928 – Alan J. Pakula, American movie maker (d. 1998)
1929 – Bob Denard, French mercenary (d. 2007)
1930 – Andrew Sachs, German–born British actor
1930 – Cliff Morgan, Welsh rugby player (d. 2013)
1930 – Roger Vergé, French chef and restaurateur (d. 2015)
1930 – Vilma Espin, Cuban revolutionary and politician (d. 2007)
1931 – Donald Barthelme, American writer (d. 1989)
1931 – Ted Kotcheff, Canadian director
1933 – Wayne Rogers, American actor (d. 2015)
1934 – Ian Richardson, Scottish actor (d. 2007)
1937 – Cynthia Lynn, Latvian–American actress (d. 2014)
1938 – Jerry Brown, American politician, former Governor of California
1938 – Freddie Hubbard, American jazz musician (d. 2008)
1938 – Spencer Dryden, American drummer (d. 2005)
1938 – Justin Lekhanya, former Prime Minister of Lesotho
1939 – David Frost, British broadcaster (d. 2013)
1939 – Francis Ford Coppola, American movie director
1941 – Gorden Kaye, British actor (d. 2017)
1943 – Mick Abrahams, English guitarist (Jethro Tull)
1944 – Makoto Kobayashi, Japanese physicist
1944 – Gerhard Schröder, former Chancellor of Germany
1944 – Bill Stoneman, American baseball player and manager
1945 – Megas, Icelandic singer-songwriter
1945 – Werner Schroeter, German movie movie director (d. 2010)
1945 – Robert S. Wistrich, Kazakh–born British–Israeli professor (d. 2015)
1946 – Colette Besson, French sprinter (d. 2005)
1946 – Stan Winston, American special effects expert (d. 2008)
1947 – Florian Schneider, German musician (Kraftwerk)
1947 – Patricia Bennett, American singer
1948 – Pietro Anastasi, Italian footballer
1949 – Valentina Matviyenko, Russian politician
1949 – Mitch Daniels, American politician, Governor of Indiana
1949 – Wells Kelly, American singer-songwriter and musician (Orleans) (d. 1984)

1951 – 1975

1951 – Janis Ian, American singer and songwriter
1952 – Clarke Peters, American actor and singer
1954 – Jackie Chan, Chinese (Hong Kong) actor
1955 – Tim Cochran, American mathematician (d. 2014)
1955 – Werner Stocker, German actor (d. 1993)
1960 – Buster Douglas, American boxer
1961 – Luigi De Agostini, Italian footballer
1962 – Ram Gopal Varma, Indian director, producer and screenwriter
1962 – Jon Cruddas, English politician
1963 – Jaime de Marichalar, Spanish nobleman
1963 – Nick Herbert, English politician
1964 – Russell Crowe, New Zealand–Australian actor
1965 – Alison Lapper, British artist
1965 – Bill Bellamy, American comedian and actor
1966 – Gary Wilkinson, British snooker player
1967 – Bodo Illgner, German footballer
1968 – Jennifer Lynch, American director
1968 – Vasiliy Sokov, Russian triple jumper
1970 – Leif Ove Andsnes, Norwegian pianist
1971 – Guillaume Depardieu, French actor (d. 2008)
1971 – Victor Kraatz, Canadian figure skater
1971 – Jennifer Schwalbach Smith, American journalist and actress
1972 – Tim Peake, English astronaut
1973 – Marco Delvecchio, Italian footballer
1973 – Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert, Dutch politician
1975 – Karin Dreijer Andersson, Swedish singer

From 1976

1976 – Kevin Alejandro, American actor
1977 – Jenni Haukio, Finnish writer and First Lady of Finland
1979 – Pascal Dupuis, Canadian ice hockey player
1979 – Duncan James, British singer
1979 – Danny Sandoval, Venezuelan baseball player
1980 – Dragan Bogavac, Montenegrin footballer
1980 – Carl Fletcher, Welsh footballer
1981 – Kelli Young, English singer (Liberty X)
1982 – Silvana Arias, Peruvian actress
1983 – Franck Ribéry, French footballer
1983 – Jon Stead, English footballer
1985 – Humza Yousaf, Scottish politician
1986 – Christian Fuchs, Austrian footballer
1987 – Martín Cáceres, Uruguayan footballer
1989 – Alexa Demara, American actress, model, writer and martial artist
1989 – Franco Di Santo, Argentine footballer
1989 – Sylwia Grzeszczak, Polish singer
1989 – Yulia Samoylova, Russian singer
1991 – Anne-Marie, English singer and songwriter
1992 – William Carvalho, Angolan–born Portuguese footballer
1992 – Alexis Jordan, American singer
1992 – Jessica Sara, American actress
1993 – Irina Shtork, Estonian ice dancer
1994 – Johanna Allik, Estonian figure skater
1997 – Oliver Burke, Scottish footballer

Deaths

Up to 1900

924 – Berengar I of Italy (b. 845)
1498 – King Charles VIII of France (b. 1470)
1614 – El Greco, Greek–born Spanish painter (b. 1541)
1638 – Shimazu Tadatsune, Japanese ruler of Satsuma (b. 1576)
1651 – Lennart Torstensson, Swedish Governor–General (b. 1603)
1658 – Juan Eusebio Nieremberg, Spanish mystic (b. 1595)
1719 – Jean-Baptiste de La Salle, French saint (b. 1651)
1739 – Dick Turpin, English outlaw (b. 1705)
1762 – Pietro Guarneri, Italian violin maker (b. 1695)
1789 – Abdul Hamid I, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1725)
1789 – Petrus Camper, Dutch anatomist (b. 1722)
1801 – Noel Francois de Wailly, French lexicographer (b. 1724)
1804 – Toussaint Louverture, Haitian revolutionary (b. 1743)
1811 – Garsevan Chavchavadze, Georgian diplomat and politician (b. 1757)
1823 – Jacques Charles, French physicist and mathematician (b. 1746)
1833 – Antoni Radziwill, Polish politician (b. 1775)
1836 – William Godwin, English journalist and writer (b. 1756)
1849 – Pedro Ignacio de Castro Barros, Argentine priest and politician (b. 1777)
1868 – Thomas D'Arcy McGee, Canadian journalist and Father of the Confederation (b. 1825)
1871 – Alexander Loyd, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1805)
1885 – Karl Theodor Ernst von Siebold, German physiologist (b. 1804)
1889 – Youssef Karam, Lebanese nationalist leader (b. 1823)
1891 – P. T. Barnum, American circus impresario (b. 1810)
1900 – Frederic Edwin Church, American painter (b. 1826)

1901 – 2000

1914 – Mohammad Ayub Khan, interim regent of Afghanistan (b. 1857)
1917 – Spyridon Samaras, Greek composer (b. 1861)
1918 – David Kolehmainen, Finnish wrestler (b. 1885)
1920 – Karl Binding, German jurist (b. 1841)
1928 – Alexander Bogdanov, Russian physician and philosopher (b. 1873)
1930 – Octaviano Ambrosio Larrazolo, 4th Governor of New Mexico (b. 1859)
1932 – Grigore Constantinescu, Romanian priest and journalist (b. 1875)
1934 – William Monroe Trotter, American newspaper editor (b. 1872)
1938 – Suzanne Valadon, French painter (b. 1865)
1939 – Joseph Lyons, Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1879)
1943 – Alexandre Millerand, President of France (b. 1859)
1944 – Johann Gruber, Austrian priest (b. 1889)
1947 – Henry Ford, American business person (b. 1863)
1950 – Walter Huston, Canadian–born actor (b. 1884)
1955 – Theda Bara, American actress (b. 1885)
1956 – Fred Appleby, English long–distance runner (b. 1879)
1957 – John Hart, Irish–Canadian politician, Premier of British Columbia (b. 1879)
1960 – Henri Guisan, Swiss army officer (b. 1874)
1965 – Roger Leger, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1919)
1966 – Fred G. Aandahl, American politician, Governor of North Dakota (b. 1897)
1968 – Jim Clark, Scottish racing driver (b. 1936)
1972 – Abeid Karume, President of Zanzibar (b. 1905)
1977 – Siegfried Buback, German federal prosecutor (b. 1920)
1981 – Norman Taurog, American movie director (b. 1899)
1982 – Harald Ertl, Austrian racing driver (b. 1948)
1984 – Frank Church, American politician (b. 1924)
1985 – Carl Schmitt, German philosopher and theorist (b. 1888)
1986 – Leonid Kantorovich, Soviet–Russian mathematician and economist (b. 1912)
1990 – Ronald Evans, American astronaut (b. 1933)
1992 – Ace Bailey, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1903)
1994 – Albert Gudmundsson, Icelandic footballer and politician (b. 1923)
1994 – Agathe Uwilingiyimana, Prime Minister of Rwanda (b. 1953)
1994 – Golo Mann, German historian (b. 1909)
1997 – Georgi Shonin, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1935)
1997 – Tomoyuki Tanaka, Japanese movie producer (b. 1910)
2000 – Moacir Barbosa Nascimento, Brazilian footballer (b. 1921)

From 2001

2003 – David Greene, British director (b. 1921)
2004 – Victor Argo, American actor (b. 1934)
2005 – Cliff Allison, Britsh racing driver (b. 1932)
2007 – Barry Nelson, American actor (b. 1917)
2008 – Mark Speight, English television presenter (b. 1965)
2009 – Dave Arneson, American creator of the game Dungeons and Dragons (b. 1947)
2010 – Christopher Cazenove, British actor (b. 1945)
2012 – Mike Wallace, American journalist (b. 1918)
2012 – Ignatius Moses I Daoud, Syrian Catholic patriarch (b. 1930)
2013 – Lilly Pulitzer, American socialite and fashion designer (b. 1931)
2013 – Les Blank, American director and producer (b. 1935)
2014 – George Dureau, American artist (b. 1930)
2014 – Frans van der Lugt, Dutch priest (b. 1938)
2014 – Josep Maria Subirachs, Catalan sculptor and painter (b. 1927)
2014 – John Shirley-Quirk, English opera singer (b. 1931)
2014 – Peaches Geldof, English model and television host (b. 1989)
2014 – Zeituni Onyango, Kenyan–American computer programmer (b. 1952)
2014 – George Shuffler, American musician (b. 1925)
2015 – Jean Germain, French politician, Mayor of Tours (b. 1947)
2015 – Richard Henyekane, South African footballer (b. 1983)
2015 – Kardam, Prince of Turnovo, Bulgarian–Spanish nobleman (b. 1962)
2015 – Stan Freberg, American writer, actor and comedian (b. 1926)
2015 – Tim Babcock, American politician, Governor of Montana (b. 1919)
2015 – Geoffrey Lewis, American actor (b. 1935)
2015 – James B. Rhoads, American public servant (b. 1928)
2016 – Frank E. Denholm, American politician (b. 1923)
2016 – Carlo Monti, Italian athlete (b. 1920)
2017 – Marthe Gosteli, Swiss women's rights activist (b. 1917)
2017 – Peter Isaacson, Australian media publisher (b. 1920)
2017 – Christopher Morahan, English stage and television director (b. 1929)
2017 – Glenn O'Brien, American journalist, editor and television presenter (b. 1947)
2017 – Tim Pigott-Smith, English actor (b. 1946)
2018 – Petr Braiko, Soviet–Russian World War II soldier (b. 1919)
2018 – Peter Grünberg, German physicist (b. 1939)
2019 – Hugo Ballesteros Reyes, Chilean politician and diplomat (b. 1931)
2019 – Michael E. Busch, American politician (b. 1947)
2019 – Seymour Cassel, American actor (b. 1935)
2019 – Cho Yang-ho, South Korean businessman (b. 1949)
2019 – Arie Irawan, Malaysian golfer (b. 1990)
2019 – Mya-Lecia Naylor, English actress (b. 2002)

Holidays

Day of Maternity and Beauty in Armenia
Genocide Memorial Day (Rwanda)
World Health Day (WHO)
Women's Day (Mozambique)

Wikiwand - on

Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.

April 7 is the 97th day of the year (98th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 268 days remaining until the end of the year.

2025 Calendar

Events

Up to 1900

451 – Attila the Hun sacks the town of Metz and attacks other cities in Gaul.
1141 – Empress Matilda becomes the first female ruler of England.
1348 – Charles University is founded in Prague.
1521 – Ferdinand Magellan reaches the island of Cebu.
1655 – Fabio Chigi is elected to become Pope Alexander VII.
1767 – End of two–year Burmese-Siamese War.
1782 – Thailand became a country.
1788 – American pioneers to the Northwest Territory arrive at the meeting point of the Ohio River and Muskingum River, opening the westward expansion of the United States.
1789 – Selim III becomes Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
1798 – The Mississippi Territory is organized from disputed territory claimed by both the United States and Spain.
1805 – Ludwig van Beethoven premieres his Third Symphony in Vienna.
1827 – John Walker, an English chemist, sells the first friction match that he had invented the previous year.
1829 – Joseph Smith begins his translation of the Book of Mormon, with Oliver Cowdery as his scribe.
1831 – Pedro I of Brazil resigns to become King of Portugal.
1862 – American Civil War: The Battle of Shiloh ends in a Union victory.
1896 – Fridtjof Nansen reaches the point furthest North of any human being up until that point.

1901 – 1950

1906 – Mount Vesuvius erupts.
1906 – The Algeciras Conference gives France and Spain control over Morocco.
1908 – H. H. Asquith becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
1919 – The Federation Francais de Football is founded.
1927 – The first long–distance television broadcast is made from Washington, DC to New York City.
1933 – Prohibition in the United States is removed for beer of no more than 3.2% alcohol by weight.
1939 – World War II: Italy invades Albania.
1940 – Booker T. Washington becomes the first African American to be depicted on a US postage stamp.
1943 – Holocaust: In Trebovlia, Ukraine, Nazi troops order 1,100 Jews to undress to their underwear and march through the city to the village of Plebanivka, where they are shot dead.
1943 – Ioannis Rallis becomes collaborationist Prime Minister of Greece during the occupation by the Axis Powers.
1945 – World War II: Japanese battleship Yamato, the largest battleship ever constructed, is sunk by American planes 200 miles north of Okinawa while on the way to a suicide mission in Operation Ten-Go.
1946 – Syria's independence is recognised.
1948 – The United Nations created the World Health Organization.
1954 – Dwight D. Eisenhower gives his "Domino Theory" speech during a news conference.
1955 – Anthony Eden replaced Winston Churchill as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
1956 – Spain relinquishes its protectorate in Morocco.
1964 – IBM announces the System/360.
1967 – Roger Ebert publishes his first movie review in the Chicago Sun–Times.
1968 – Scottish racing driver Jim Clark is killed in a crash at Hockenheim, Germany, aged 32.
1969 – The Internet's symbolic birth date.
1971 – Richard Nixon announces his decision to increase the rate of American troops withdrawals from Vietnam.
1977 – German federal prosecutor Siegfried Buback is shot dead, along with his driver, by two members of the Red Army Faction.
1978 – Development of the neutron bomb is cancelled by US President Jimmy Carter.
1980 – The United States severs diplomatic relations with Iran.
1983 – During STS-6 mission, astronauts Story Musgrave and Don Peterson perform the first space shuttle space walk.
1989 – Soviet submarine Komsomolets sinks in the Barents Sea, killing 42 people.
1990 – A fire breaks out on the passenger ferry M/S Scandinavian Star, killing 198 people.
1992 – Republika Srpska declares independence.
1994 – The Rwandan Genocide begins. One of the first victims is Rwandan Prime Minister Agathe Uwilingiyimana.
1995 – First Chechen War: Russian paramilitary troops begin a massacre of civilians in Samashki, Chechnya.
1999 – The World Trade Organization rules in favour of the United States in its long–running trade dispute with the European Union over bananas.

From 2001

2001 – The Mars Odyssey space probe is launched.
2003 – US troops capture Baghdad.
2009 – Former Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori is sentenced to 25 years in prison for ordering killings and kidnappings by security forces.
2010 – In Kyrgyzstan, President Kurmanbek Bakiyev flees the capital city Bishkek, after days of fierce rioting. Roza Otunbayeva is installed as Head of Government.
2017 – 2017 Stockholm attack: A beer lorry is driven into people in central Stockholm, killing 5 people.
2018 – A vehicle is driven into people in the city centre of Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, killing 2 people. The driver then kills himself.

Births

Up to 1850

1506 – Francis Xavier, Spanish Roman Catholic missionary (d. 1552)
1539 – Tobias Stimmer, Swiss painter (d. 1584)
1613 – Gerrit Dou, Dutch painter (d. 1675)
1629 – John of Austria the Younger, Spanish military leader and statesman (d. 1679)
1648 – John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby, English statesman and poet (d. 1721)
1652 – Pope Clement XII (d. 1740)
1713 – Nicola Sala, Italian composer and music theorist (d. 1801)
1718 – Hugh Blair, Scottish minister and writer (d. 1800)
1742 – Gunning Bedford, Sr., Governor of Delaware (d. 1797)
1763 – Domenico Dragonetti, Italian double–bass virtuoso and composer (d. 1846)
1767 – Henry Bell, Scottish engineer (d. 1830)
1770 – William Wordsworth, English poet (d. 1850)
1772 – Charles Fourier, French philosopher (d. 1837)
1786 – William R. King, 13th Vice President of the United States (d. 1853)
1803 – James Curtiss, Mayor of Chicago (d. 1859)
1803 – Flora Tristan, French writer (d. 1884)
1811 – Hasan Tahsini, Albanian astronomer, mathematician and philosopher (d. 1881)
1839 – Ida Ferenczy, Hungarian Lady-in-waiting to Elisabeth of Bavaria (d. 1928)
1847 – Jens Peder Jacobsen, Danish writer (d. 1885)
1848 – Randall Davidson, 1st Baron Davidson of Lambeth, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1930)

1851 – 1900

1853 – Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany (d. 1884)
1857 – Nazrullah Khan, Emir of Afghanistan (d. 1920)
1859 – Walter Camp, American football player, coach and writer (d. 1925)
1860 – Will Keith Kellogg, American businessman and food manufacturer (d. 1951)
1867 – Holger Pedersen, Danish linguist (d. 1953)
1868 – José de Castro, Prime Minister of Portugal (d. 1929)
1870 – Gustav Landauer, German anarchist and revolutionary (d. 1919)
1871 – Epifanio de los Santos, Filipino jurist, historian and scholar (d. 1927)
1872 – William Monroe Trotter, American newspaper editor (d. 1934)
1873 – John McGraw, American baseball player and manager (d. 1934)
1874 – Frederick Carl Frieseke, German–American painter (d. 1939)
1876 – Fay Moulton, American sprinter, football player, coach and lawyer (d. 1945)
1882 – Kurt von Schleicher, German military officer and politician, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1934)
1883 – Gino Severini, Italian painter (d. 1966)
1884 – Clement Smoot, American golfer (d. 1963)
1886 – Emilio Pujols, Catalan guitarist and composer (d. 1980)
1887 – Joseph Stadler, American jumper (d. 1950)
1889 – Gabriela Mistral, Chilean writer (d. 1945)
1890 – Paul Berth, Danish footballer (d. 1969)
1890 – Marjory Stoneman Douglas, American journalist and activist (d. 1998)
1891 – Ole Kirk Christiansen, Danish inventor, of Lego (d. 1958)
1893 – Allen Dulles, American CIA director (d. 1969)
1896 – Frits Peutz, Dutch architect (d. 1974)
1897 – Walter Winchell, American broadcaster and journalist (d. 1972)
1899 – Robert Casadesus, French pianist (d. 1972)
1900 – Jebbs Lloyd Johnson, English race walker (d. 1984)

1901 – 1950

1907 – Le Duan, Vietnamese politician (d. 1986)
1907 – John Burroughs, Governor of New Mexico (d. 1978)
1908 – Percy Faith, Canadian composer, conductor and bandleader (d. 1976)
1911 – Hervé Bazin, French writer (d. 1996)
1913 – Louise Currie, American actress (d. 2013)
1913 – Charles Vanik, American politician (d. 2007)
1914 – Charles Flanagan, American bandleader, conductor, pianist, composer and arranger (d. 1995)
1915 – Stanley Adams, American actor (d. 1977)
1915 – Billie Holiday, American jazz singer (d. 1959)
1915 – Henry Kuttner, American writer (d. 1977)
1916 – Anthony Caruso, American actor (d. 2003)
1917 – R. G. Armstrong, American actor (d. 2012)
1918 – Bobby Doerr, American baseball player and coach
1919 – Edoardo Mangiarotti, Italian fencer (d. 2012)
1920 – Ravi Shankar, Indian sitar player (d. 2012)
1924 – Johannes Mario Simmel, Austrian writer (d. 2009)
1927 – Babatunde Olatunji, Nigerian drummer, educator and activist (d. 2003)
1927 – Leonid Shcherbakov, Russian high jumper
1928 – James Garner, American actor (d. 2014)
1928 – James White, Northern Irish writer (d. 1999)
1928 – Alan J. Pakula, American movie maker (d. 1998)
1929 – Bob Denard, French mercenary (d. 2007)
1930 – Andrew Sachs, German–born British actor
1930 – Cliff Morgan, Welsh rugby player (d. 2013)
1930 – Roger Vergé, French chef and restaurateur (d. 2015)
1930 – Vilma Espin, Cuban revolutionary and politician (d. 2007)
1931 – Donald Barthelme, American writer (d. 1989)
1931 – Ted Kotcheff, Canadian director
1933 – Wayne Rogers, American actor (d. 2015)
1934 – Ian Richardson, Scottish actor (d. 2007)
1937 – Cynthia Lynn, Latvian–American actress (d. 2014)
1938 – Jerry Brown, American politician, former Governor of California
1938 – Freddie Hubbard, American jazz musician (d. 2008)
1938 – Spencer Dryden, American drummer (d. 2005)
1938 – Justin Lekhanya, former Prime Minister of Lesotho
1939 – David Frost, British broadcaster (d. 2013)
1939 – Francis Ford Coppola, American movie director
1941 – Gorden Kaye, British actor (d. 2017)
1943 – Mick Abrahams, English guitarist (Jethro Tull)
1944 – Makoto Kobayashi, Japanese physicist
1944 – Gerhard Schröder, former Chancellor of Germany
1944 – Bill Stoneman, American baseball player and manager
1945 – Megas, Icelandic singer-songwriter
1945 – Werner Schroeter, German movie movie director (d. 2010)
1945 – Robert S. Wistrich, Kazakh–born British–Israeli professor (d. 2015)
1946 – Colette Besson, French sprinter (d. 2005)
1946 – Stan Winston, American special effects expert (d. 2008)
1947 – Florian Schneider, German musician (Kraftwerk)
1947 – Patricia Bennett, American singer
1948 – Pietro Anastasi, Italian footballer
1949 – Valentina Matviyenko, Russian politician
1949 – Mitch Daniels, American politician, Governor of Indiana
1949 – Wells Kelly, American singer-songwriter and musician (Orleans) (d. 1984)

1951 – 1975

1951 – Janis Ian, American singer and songwriter
1952 – Clarke Peters, American actor and singer
1954 – Jackie Chan, Chinese (Hong Kong) actor
1955 – Tim Cochran, American mathematician (d. 2014)
1955 – Werner Stocker, German actor (d. 1993)
1960 – Buster Douglas, American boxer
1961 – Luigi De Agostini, Italian footballer
1962 – Ram Gopal Varma, Indian director, producer and screenwriter
1962 – Jon Cruddas, English politician
1963 – Jaime de Marichalar, Spanish nobleman
1963 – Nick Herbert, English politician
1964 – Russell Crowe, New Zealand–Australian actor
1965 – Alison Lapper, British artist
1965 – Bill Bellamy, American comedian and actor
1966 – Gary Wilkinson, British snooker player
1967 – Bodo Illgner, German footballer
1968 – Jennifer Lynch, American director
1968 – Vasiliy Sokov, Russian triple jumper
1970 – Leif Ove Andsnes, Norwegian pianist
1971 – Guillaume Depardieu, French actor (d. 2008)
1971 – Victor Kraatz, Canadian figure skater
1971 – Jennifer Schwalbach Smith, American journalist and actress
1972 – Tim Peake, English astronaut
1973 – Marco Delvecchio, Italian footballer
1973 – Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert, Dutch politician
1975 – Karin Dreijer Andersson, Swedish singer

From 1976

1976 – Kevin Alejandro, American actor
1977 – Jenni Haukio, Finnish writer and First Lady of Finland
1979 – Pascal Dupuis, Canadian ice hockey player
1979 – Duncan James, British singer
1979 – Danny Sandoval, Venezuelan baseball player
1980 – Dragan Bogavac, Montenegrin footballer
1980 – Carl Fletcher, Welsh footballer
1981 – Kelli Young, English singer (Liberty X)
1982 – Silvana Arias, Peruvian actress
1983 – Franck Ribéry, French footballer
1983 – Jon Stead, English footballer
1985 – Humza Yousaf, Scottish politician
1986 – Christian Fuchs, Austrian footballer
1987 – Martín Cáceres, Uruguayan footballer
1989 – Alexa Demara, American actress, model, writer and martial artist
1989 – Franco Di Santo, Argentine footballer
1989 – Sylwia Grzeszczak, Polish singer
1989 – Yulia Samoylova, Russian singer
1991 – Anne-Marie, English singer and songwriter
1992 – William Carvalho, Angolan–born Portuguese footballer
1992 – Alexis Jordan, American singer
1992 – Jessica Sara, American actress
1993 – Irina Shtork, Estonian ice dancer
1994 – Johanna Allik, Estonian figure skater
1997 – Oliver Burke, Scottish footballer

Deaths

Up to 1900

924 – Berengar I of Italy (b. 845)
1498 – King Charles VIII of France (b. 1470)
1614 – El Greco, Greek–born Spanish painter (b. 1541)
1638 – Shimazu Tadatsune, Japanese ruler of Satsuma (b. 1576)
1651 – Lennart Torstensson, Swedish Governor–General (b. 1603)
1658 – Juan Eusebio Nieremberg, Spanish mystic (b. 1595)
1719 – Jean-Baptiste de La Salle, French saint (b. 1651)
1739 – Dick Turpin, English outlaw (b. 1705)
1762 – Pietro Guarneri, Italian violin maker (b. 1695)
1789 – Abdul Hamid I, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1725)
1789 – Petrus Camper, Dutch anatomist (b. 1722)
1801 – Noel Francois de Wailly, French lexicographer (b. 1724)
1804 – Toussaint Louverture, Haitian revolutionary (b. 1743)
1811 – Garsevan Chavchavadze, Georgian diplomat and politician (b. 1757)
1823 – Jacques Charles, French physicist and mathematician (b. 1746)
1833 – Antoni Radziwill, Polish politician (b. 1775)
1836 – William Godwin, English journalist and writer (b. 1756)
1849 – Pedro Ignacio de Castro Barros, Argentine priest and politician (b. 1777)
1868 – Thomas D'Arcy McGee, Canadian journalist and Father of the Confederation (b. 1825)
1871 – Alexander Loyd, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1805)
1885 – Karl Theodor Ernst von Siebold, German physiologist (b. 1804)
1889 – Youssef Karam, Lebanese nationalist leader (b. 1823)
1891 – P. T. Barnum, American circus impresario (b. 1810)
1900 – Frederic Edwin Church, American painter (b. 1826)

1901 – 2000

1914 – Mohammad Ayub Khan, interim regent of Afghanistan (b. 1857)
1917 – Spyridon Samaras, Greek composer (b. 1861)
1918 – David Kolehmainen, Finnish wrestler (b. 1885)
1920 – Karl Binding, German jurist (b. 1841)
1928 – Alexander Bogdanov, Russian physician and philosopher (b. 1873)
1930 – Octaviano Ambrosio Larrazolo, 4th Governor of New Mexico (b. 1859)
1932 – Grigore Constantinescu, Romanian priest and journalist (b. 1875)
1934 – William Monroe Trotter, American newspaper editor (b. 1872)
1938 – Suzanne Valadon, French painter (b. 1865)
1939 – Joseph Lyons, Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1879)
1943 – Alexandre Millerand, President of France (b. 1859)
1944 – Johann Gruber, Austrian priest (b. 1889)
1947 – Henry Ford, American business person (b. 1863)
1950 – Walter Huston, Canadian–born actor (b. 1884)
1955 – Theda Bara, American actress (b. 1885)
1956 – Fred Appleby, English long–distance runner (b. 1879)
1957 – John Hart, Irish–Canadian politician, Premier of British Columbia (b. 1879)
1960 – Henri Guisan, Swiss army officer (b. 1874)
1965 – Roger Leger, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1919)
1966 – Fred G. Aandahl, American politician, Governor of North Dakota (b. 1897)
1968 – Jim Clark, Scottish racing driver (b. 1936)
1972 – Abeid Karume, President of Zanzibar (b. 1905)
1977 – Siegfried Buback, German federal prosecutor (b. 1920)
1981 – Norman Taurog, American movie director (b. 1899)
1982 – Harald Ertl, Austrian racing driver (b. 1948)
1984 – Frank Church, American politician (b. 1924)
1985 – Carl Schmitt, German philosopher and theorist (b. 1888)
1986 – Leonid Kantorovich, Soviet–Russian mathematician and economist (b. 1912)
1990 – Ronald Evans, American astronaut (b. 1933)
1992 – Ace Bailey, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1903)
1994 – Albert Gudmundsson, Icelandic footballer and politician (b. 1923)
1994 – Agathe Uwilingiyimana, Prime Minister of Rwanda (b. 1953)
1994 – Golo Mann, German historian (b. 1909)
1997 – Georgi Shonin, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1935)
1997 – Tomoyuki Tanaka, Japanese movie producer (b. 1910)
2000 – Moacir Barbosa Nascimento, Brazilian footballer (b. 1921)

From 2001

2003 – David Greene, British director (b. 1921)
2004 – Victor Argo, American actor (b. 1934)
2005 – Cliff Allison, Britsh racing driver (b. 1932)
2007 – Barry Nelson, American actor (b. 1917)
2008 – Mark Speight, English television presenter (b. 1965)
2009 – Dave Arneson, American creator of the game Dungeons and Dragons (b. 1947)
2010 – Christopher Cazenove, British actor (b. 1945)
2012 – Mike Wallace, American journalist (b. 1918)
2012 – Ignatius Moses I Daoud, Syrian Catholic patriarch (b. 1930)
2013 – Lilly Pulitzer, American socialite and fashion designer (b. 1931)
2013 – Les Blank, American director and producer (b. 1935)
2014 – George Dureau, American artist (b. 1930)
2014 – Frans van der Lugt, Dutch priest (b. 1938)
2014 – Josep Maria Subirachs, Catalan sculptor and painter (b. 1927)
2014 – John Shirley-Quirk, English opera singer (b. 1931)
2014 – Peaches Geldof, English model and television host (b. 1989)
2014 – Zeituni Onyango, Kenyan–American computer programmer (b. 1952)
2014 – George Shuffler, American musician (b. 1925)
2015 – Jean Germain, French politician, Mayor of Tours (b. 1947)
2015 – Richard Henyekane, South African footballer (b. 1983)
2015 – Kardam, Prince of Turnovo, Bulgarian–Spanish nobleman (b. 1962)
2015 – Stan Freberg, American writer, actor and comedian (b. 1926)
2015 – Tim Babcock, American politician, Governor of Montana (b. 1919)
2015 – Geoffrey Lewis, American actor (b. 1935)
2015 – James B. Rhoads, American public servant (b. 1928)
2016 – Frank E. Denholm, American politician (b. 1923)
2016 – Carlo Monti, Italian athlete (b. 1920)
2017 – Marthe Gosteli, Swiss women's rights activist (b. 1917)
2017 – Peter Isaacson, Australian media publisher (b. 1920)
2017 – Christopher Morahan, English stage and television director (b. 1929)
2017 – Glenn O'Brien, American journalist, editor and television presenter (b. 1947)
2017 – Tim Pigott-Smith, English actor (b. 1946)
2018 – Petr Braiko, Soviet–Russian World War II soldier (b. 1919)
2018 – Peter Grünberg, German physicist (b. 1939)
2019 – Hugo Ballesteros Reyes, Chilean politician and diplomat (b. 1931)
2019 – Michael E. Busch, American politician (b. 1947)
2019 – Seymour Cassel, American actor (b. 1935)
2019 – Cho Yang-ho, South Korean businessman (b. 1949)
2019 – Arie Irawan, Malaysian golfer (b. 1990)
2019 – Mya-Lecia Naylor, English actress (b. 2002)

Holidays

Day of Maternity and Beauty in Armenia
Genocide Memorial Day (Rwanda)
World Health Day (WHO)
Women's Day (Mozambique)

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