November 16

November 16 is the 320th day of the year (321st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 45 days remaining until the end of the year.

2025 Calendar
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<< July >> Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31	<< August >> Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
<< September >> Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30	<< October >> Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
<< November >> Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30	<< December >> Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

Events

Up to 1950

• 1272 – Edward I of England becomes King while fighting in the Ninth Crusade.
• 1532 – Inca ruler Atahualpa is captured by Spanish Conquistadors.
• 1632 – Thirty Years' War: Swedish troops defeat an imperial army under Albrecht von Wallenstein, but lose their king, Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden.
• 1776 – American Revolutionary War: British and Hessian units take Fort Washington from the patriots.
• 1776 – The United Provinces (Low Countries) recognize US independence.
• 1793 – Reign of Terror: 90 anti–republican Roman Catholic priests are executed by drowning in Nantes, France.
• 1797 – Frederick William III of Prussia becomes King.
• 1849 – A Russian court sentences Fyodor Dostoevsky to death for anti–government activities linked to a radical intellectual group; his execution is canceled at the last minute.
• 1855 – David Livingstone becomes the first European to reach Victoria Falls.
• 1857 – 24 Victoria Crosses are given in one day, a record that still stands.
• 1863 – American Civil War: The Battle of Campbell's Station is fought near Knoxville, Tennessee.
• 1869 – The Suez Canal is opened to shipping.
• 1885 – Canadian rebel leader Louis Riel is executed for treason.
• 1896 – First transmission of electrical power between two cities was sent from Niagara Falls to industries in Buffalo, New York.
• 1904 – John Ambrose Fleming invents the vacuum tube.
• 1907 – Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory become Oklahoma and are admitted as the 46th U.S. state.
• 1907 – RMS Mauretania is launched by the Cunard Line. The ship sets sail on its first voyage from Liverpool to New York City.
• 1914 – The Federal Reserve System in the United States officially starts business.
• 1915 – The characterised Coca-Cola bottle is patented in the United States.
• 1920 – Australian airline Qantas is founded as the Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services Limited.
• 1933 – The United States and the Soviet Union establish formal diplomatic relations.
• 1933 – American Jimmie Angel re–discovers Angel Falls in Venezuela.
• 1940 – World War II: In response to Germany leveling Coventry two days before, the Royal Air Force bombs Hamburg.
• 1944 – World War II: The German city of Düren is destroyed by Allied bombing.
• 1945 – UNESCO is founded.

From 1951

• 1957 – Serial killer Ed Gein murders his last victim, Bernice Worden.
• 1959 – The Sound of Music opens on Broadway, New York.
• 1965 – The Soviet Venera 3 probe is launched to the planet Venus.
• 1970 – Hafez al-Assad comes to power in Syria.
• 1973 – NASA launches Skylab 4 with three astronauts on board for an 84–day mission, from Cape Canaveral, Florida.
• 1973 – US President Richard Nixon signs the Trans–Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act into law, allowing for building work to begin on the Trans–Alaska oil Pipeline.
• 1979 – The first line of the Bucharest Metro is opened.
• 1980 – An explosion at a military base in Bangkok, Thailand kills 38 people.
• 1988 – The Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR declares that the Estonia was "sovereign" but stopped short of declaring independence.
• 1988 – In the first open election in more than a decade, voters in Pakistan choose Benazir Bhutto to be Prime Minister.
• 1993 – Guyana joins the UN.
• 1994 – Emomalii Rahmon becomes President of Tajikistan.
• 1996 – Mother Teresa receives honorary US citizenship.
• 1997 – After 18 years of imprisonment, the People's Republic of China releases activist Wei Jingsheng for medical reasons.
• 2000 – Bill Clinton becomes the first current US President to visit Vietnam.
• 2006 – Rioting occurs in Nuku'alofa, Tonga.
• 2013 – Sachin Tendulkar, one of most famous cricketers in the world, retires from playing cricket after his last test match (India v. West Indies).
• 2017 – Cambodia's highest court declares the main opposition party illegal.
• 2018 – After several resignations in the British cabinet over Brexit, Stephen Barclay is appointed Brexit Secretary and former Home Secretary Amber Rudd becomes Work and Pensions Secretary.
• 2019 – Gotabaya Rajapaksa is elected President of Sri Lanka.
• 2022 – NASA launches Artemis 1.

Births

Up to 1900

• 42 BC – Tiberius, Roman Emperor (d. 37)
• 1436 – Leonardo Loredan, Doge of Venice (d. 1521)
• 1569 – Paul Sartorius, German composer and organist (d. 1609)
• 1643 – Jean Chardin, French explorer (d. 1703)
• 1717 – Jean le Rond d'Alembert, French mathematician (d. 1793)
• 1720 – Carlo Antonio Campioni, Italian composer (d. 1788)
• 1753 – James McHenry, American statesman (d. 1816)
• 1766 – Rodolphe Kreutzer, French violinist (d. 1831)
• 1807 – Jónas Hallgrímsson, Icelandic poet (d. 1845)
• 1823 – Henry G. Davis, United States Senator (d. 1916)
• 1827 – Charles Eliot Norton, American scholar (d. 1908)
• 1835 – Eugenio Beltrami, Italian mathematician (d. 1900)
• 1836 – David Kalakaua, King of Hawaiʻi (d. 1891)
• 1839 – Louis-Honoré Fréchette, Canadian poet, author and politician (d. 1908)
• 1841 – Jules Violle, French physicist (d. 1923)
• 1847 – Edmund James Flynn, 10th Premier of Quebec (d. 1927)
• 1850 – Federico Errázuriz Echaurren, President of Chile (d. 1901)
• 1851 – Minnie Hauk, American soprano (d. 1929)
• 1855 – Tommaso Tittoni, Italian Prime Minister (d. 1931)
• 1857 – Jón Sveinsson, Icelandic writer (d. 1944)
• 1873 – W. C. Handy, American blues musician (d. 1958)
• 1874 – Alexander Kolchak, Russian explorer and politician (d. 1920)
• 1880 – Alexander Blok, Russian poet (d. 1921)
• 1883 – Emil Breitkreutz, American runner (d. 1972)
• 1886 – Arthur B. Krock, American political journalist (d. 1974)
• 1889 – George Kaufman, American playwright (d. 1961)
• 1890 – Elpidio Quirino, President of the Philippines (d. 1956)
• 1891 – Julius Leber, German politician and Resistance activist (d. 1945)
• 1892 – Guo Moruo, Chinese poet, author and historian (d. 1978)
• 1895 – Paul Hindemith, German composer (d. 1963)
• 1896 – Pavel Alexandrov, Russian mathematician (d. 1982)
• 1896 – Joan Lindsay, Australian novelist, playwright, essayist and visual artist (d. 1984)
• 1896 – Oswald Mosley, British fascist politician (d. 1980)
• 1896 – Lawrence Tibbett, American baritone (d. 1960)
• 1897 – Choudhary Rahmat Ali, Pakistani student (d. 1951)
• 1898 – Warren McCulloch, American neuropsychologist (d. 1969)

1901 – 1950

• 1901 – Ernest Nagel, Czech philosopher (d. 1985)
• 1904 – Nnamdi Azikiwe, first President of Nigeria (d. 1996)
• 1905 – Eddie Condon, American jazz musician (d. 1973)
• 1907 – Burgess Meredith, American actor (d. 1997)
• 1908 – Soeur Emmanuelle, French–Belgian nun (d. 2008)
• 1909 – Maurizio Valenzi, Italian politician (d. 2009)
• 1913 – Ellen Albertini Dow, American actress (d. 2015)
• 1915 – Jean Fritz, American writer (d. 2017)
• 1916 – Daws Butler, American voice actor (d. 1988)
• 1916 – Al Lucas, Canadian jazz musician (d. 1983)
• 1921 – Edmondo Fabbri, Italian footballer (d. 1995)
• 1922 – José Saramago, Portuguese writer (d. 2010)
• 1922 – Gene Amdahl, American computer scientist, physicist and engineer (d. 2015)
• 1924 – Mel Patton, American athlete (d. 2014)
• 1925 – Gianfranco Dell'Innocenti, Italian footballer (d. 2012)
• 1930 – Chinua Achebe, Nigerian novelist, poet and academic (d. 2013)
• 1930 – Salvatore Riina, Italian mafia boss (d. 2017)
• 1931 – Hubert Sumlin, American blues musician (d. 2011)
• 1935 – Muhammad Hussein Fadlallah, Iraqi–Lebanese spiritual leader (d. 2010)
• 1935 – France-Albert René, former President of the Seychelles (d. 2019)
• 1935 – Elizabeth Drew, American journalist
• 1935 – Magdi Yacoub, Egyptian heart surgeon
• 1937 – Lothar Spaeth, German politician (d. 2016)
• 1938 – Robert Nozick, American philosopher (d. 2002)
• 1940 – Donna McKechnie, American actress, singer and dancer
• 1942 – Willie Carson, Scottish jockey
• 1942 – Chi Coltrane, American musician and singer
• 1946 – Wolfgang Kleff, German footballer
• 1946 – Terence McKenna, American philosopher (d. 2000)
• 1946 – Ole Olsen, Danish speedway rider
• 1946 – Colin Burgess, Australian drummer
• 1948 – Arie Haan, Dutch footballer
• 1948 – Norbert Lammert, German politician
• 1948 – Bonnie Greer, American playwright and critic
• 1950 – David Leisure, American actor
• 1950 – David Wilson-Johnson, English operatic baritone

1951 – 1975

• 1951 – Miguel Sandoval, American actor
• 1952 – Shigeru Miyamoto, Japanese video game creator (Nintendo)
• 1952 – Sam Watson, Australian indigenous activist, politician and writer (d. 2019)
• 1952 – Piero Falchetta, Italian archivist, essayist and translator
• 1953 – Griff Rhys Jones, Welsh actor, comedian and writer
• 1953 – Brigitte Zypries, German politician
• 1954 – Luis Conte, Cuban drummer
• 1955 – Héctor Cúper, Argentine footballer and coach
• 1957 – Rafael Amador, Mexican footballer
• 1957 – Jacques Gamblin, French actor
• 1958 – Sooronbay Jeenbekov, President of Kyrgyzstan
• 1958 – Marg Helgenberger, American actress
• 1961 – Frank Bruno, British boxer
• 1961 – Corinne Hermès, French singer
• 1962 – Gary Mounfield (Mani), English musician
• 1962 – Darwyn Cooke, Canadian comic writer (d. 2016)
• 1962 – Josh Silver, American musician
• 1963 – Zina Garrison, American tennis player
• 1964 – Valeria Bruni Tedeschi, Italian actress
• 1964 – Luciano Floridi, Italian philosopher
• 1964 – Dwight Gooden, American baseball player
• 1964 – Diana Krall, Canadian jazz singer
• 1964 – Maeve Quinlan, American actress
• 1965 – Mika Aaltonen, Finnish footballer
• 1965 – Mark Benton, English actor
• 1966 – Joey Cape, American singer, songwriter, guitarist and producer
• 1966 – Christian Lorenz, German musician
• 1967 – Lisa Bonet, American actress
• 1968 – Shobha Nagi Reddy, Indian politician (d. 2014)
• 1970 – Martha Plimpton, American actress
• 1971 – Alexander Popov, Russian swimmer
• 1971 – Waqar Younis, Pakistani cricketer
• 1972 – Michael Irby, American actor
• 1972 – Missi Pyle, American actress
• 1973 – Christian Horner, British Formula One team principal
• 1974 – Paul Scholes, English footballer
• 1974 – Brooke Elliott, American actress and singer
• 1974 – Maurizio Margaglio, Italian ice dancer

From 1976

• 1976 – Danny Wallace, British writer
• 1977 – Maggie Gyllenhaal, American actress
• 1977 – Oksana Baiul, Ukrainian figure skater
• 1978 – Gary Naysmith, Scottish footballer
• 1979 – Bruce Irons, American surfer
• 1980 – Osi Umeniyora, American football player
• 1981 – Allison Crowe, Canadian singer-songwriter
• 1981 – Caitlin Glass, American voice actress, singer and director
• 1981 – Kate Miller-Heidke, Australian singer–songwriter
• 1982 – Amar'e Stoudemire, American basketball player
• 1983 – Kari Lehtonen, Finnish ice hockey player
• 1983 – Britta Steffen, German swimmer
• 1983 – Victor Vazquez, American musician and artist
• 1984 – Kimberly J. Brown, American actress
• 1985 – Sanna Marin, Finnish politician, Prime Minister of Finland
• 1985 – Saori Yamamoto, Japanese model
• 1986 – Saeko, Japanese actress
• 1986 – Maxime Médard, French rugby player
• 1986 – Aleksey Kozlov, Russian footballer
• 1987 – Vicky Pattison, British television personality
• 1988 – Siva Kaneswaran, British singer (The Wanted)
• 1989 – Vicki Adams, Scottish curler
• 1991 – Tomomi Kasai, Japanese actress and singer (AKB48)
• 1993 – Pete Davidson, American comedian and actor
• 1995 – Noah Gray-Cabey, American actor and pianist

Deaths

Up to 1900

• 498 – Pope Anastasius II
• 1093 – Saint Margaret, Queen Consort of Scotland, wife of King Malcolm III, mother of Kings Alexander I, David I and Edgar (b. 1045)
• 1240 – Edmund Rich, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1175)
• 1272 – Henry III, King of England (b. 1207)
• 1328 – Prince Hisaaki, Japanese shogun (b. 1276)
• 1632 – King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden (b. 1594) (killed in battle)
• 1672 – Heinrich Schuetz, German composer (b. 1585)
• 1724 – Jack Sheppard, English highwayman (b. 1702)
• 1779 – Pehr Kalm, Finnish explorer and naturalist (b. 1716)
• 1790 – Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer, American Continental Congressman (b. 1723)
• 1797 – Frederick William II of Prussia (b. 1744)
• 1802 – André Michaux, French botanist (b. 1746)
• 1806 – Moses Claeveland, American lawyer and surveyor (b. 1754)
• 1878 – Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine (b. 1874)
• 1885 – Louis Riel, Canadian political activist (b. 1844)

1901 – 2000

• 1907 – Robert I, Duke of Parma (b. 1848)
• 1908 – Henri-Gustave de Lotbinière, 4th Premier of Quebec (b. 1829)
• 1911 – A. A. Ames, American politician (b. 1842)
• 1911 – Lawrence Feuerbach, American athlete (b. 1879)
• 1912 – William Larrabee, 13th Governor of Iowa (b. 1832)
• 1922 – Max Abraham, German physicist (b. 1875)
• 1934 – Carl von Linde, German inventor and engineer (b. 1842)
• 1941 – Eduard Ellman-Eelma, Estonian footballer (b. 1902)
• 1945 – Sigurdur Eggerz, Prime Minister of Iceland (b. 1875)
• 1947 – Giuseppe Volpi, Italian businessman and politician (b. 1877)
• 1950 – Bob Smith, American physician and surgeon (b. 1879)
• 1956 – Otori Tanigoro, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1887)
• 1960 – Gilbert Harding, English television personality (b. 1907)
• 1960 – Clark Gable, American actor (b. 1901)
• 1961 – Sam Rayburn, American Speaker of the House (b. 1882)
• 1965 – W. T. Cosgrave, Irish Taoiseach (b. 1880)
• 1971 – Edie Sedgwick, American actress (b. 1943)
• 1972 – Vera Karalli, Russian ballerina and actress (b. 1889)
• 1973 – Alan Watts, English writer and philosopher (b. 1915)
• 1974 – Walther Meissner, German technical physicist (b. 1882)
• 1980 – Jayan, Indian actor (b. 1938)
• 1982 – Pavel Sergeevich Alexandrov, Russian mathematician (b. 1896)
• 1985 – Omayra Sanchez, Colombian girl, high–profile victim of the Nevado del Ruiz volcanic eruption (b. 1972)
• 1986 – Siobhan McKenna, Irish actress (b. 1923)
• 1993 – Lucia Popp, Slovakian soprano (b. 1939)
• 1999 – Daniel Nathans, American microbiologist (b. 1928)
• 2000 – Russ Conway, British pianist, composer and singer (b. 1925)
• 2000 – DJ Screw, American hiphop DJ (b. 1971)

From 2001

• 2004 – Margaret Hassan, Irish aid worker (b. 1945)
• 2005 – Henry Taube, Canadian–born chemist (b. 1915)
• 2006 – Milton Friedman, American economist (b. 1912)
• 2008 – Reg Varney, British actor (b. 1916)
• 2009 – Edward Woodward, British actor (b. 1930)
• 2009 – Antonio de Nigris, Mexican footballer (b. 1978)
• 2012 – Aliu Mahama, Ghanaian politician (b. 1946)
• 2014 – Peter Kassig, American aid worker (b. 1988)
• 2014 – Kim Ja-ok, South Korean actress (b. 1951)
• 2014 – Sik Kok Kwong, Hong Kong Buddhist monk (b. 1919)
• 2014 – Jadwiga Pilsudska, Polish pilot (b. 1920)
• 2014 – Carl Sanders, American politician, Governor of Georgia (b. 1925)
• 2014 – Serge Moscovici, French psychologist (b. 1925)
• 2015 – Nando Gazzolo, Italian actor (b. 1928)
• 2015 – David Canary, American actor (b. 1938)
• 2015 – Michael C. Gross, American graphic designer (b. 1945)
• 2015 – Bert Olmstead, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1926)
• 2016 – Melvin Laird, American politician, United States Secretary of Defense (b. 1922)
• 2016 – Jay Wright Forrester, American computer technology pioneer (b. 1918)
• 2017 – Tobias Enverga, Filipino–Canadian politician (b. 1955)
• 2017 – Robert Hirsch, French comedian and actor (b. 1925)
• 2017 – Franciszek Kornicki, Polish fighter pilot (b. 1916)
• 2017 – Erik Meijs, Dutch badminton player (b. 1991)
• 2017 – Hiromi Tsuru, Japanese voice actress (b. 1960)
• 2017 – Ann Wedgeworth, American actress (b. 1934)
• 2017 – Adalberto Giazotto, Italian physicist (b. 1940)
• 2018 – Scott English, American songwriter (b. 1937)
• 2018 – Pablo Ferro, Cuban–American graphic movie title designer (b. 1935)
• 2018 – William Goldman, American screenwriter (b. 1931)
• 2018 – Hiromasa Yonekura, Japanese businessman (b. 1937)
• 2019 – John Campbell Brown, Scottish astronomer (b. 1947)
• 2019 – Zeng Guoyuan, Singaporean businessman and politician (b. 1953)
• 2019 – Diane Loeffler, American politician (b. 1953)
• 2019 – Terry O'Neill, British photographer (b. 1938)

Observances

• Icelandic Language Day
• International Day of Tolerance
• Day of Declaration of Sovereignty (Estonia)