October 5 is the 278th day of the year (279th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 87 days remaining until the end of the year.
Up to 1900
- 610 – Coronation of Emperor Heraclius of the Byzantine Empire.
- 1143 – King Alfonso VII of Leon recognises Portugal as a kingdom.
- 1450 – Jews are expelled from Lower Bavaria by order of Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria.
- 1502 – Christopher Columbus names Costa Rica.
- 1550 – The city of Concepcion, Chile is founded.
- 1582 – This day does not exist in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain, as the Gregorian calendar is introduced. In those countries, October 4 is followed by October 15.
- 1665 – The University of Kiel is founded.
- 1762 – British troops occupy Manila, Philippines.
- 1789 – French Revolution: Women in Paris march to Versailles in the March on Versailles to confront Louis XVI of France about his intention to hold on to the system of feudalism.
- 1793 – French Revolution: Christianity is removed as the official state religion of France.
- 1813 – The Battle of Thames is fought in Canada, in which American forces defeat British ones.
- 1857 – The city of Anaheim, California is founded.
- 1864 – Calcutta, India, is almost completely destroyed by a cyclone, killing 60,000 people.
- 1869 – In weather, the Saxby Gale devastates the Bay of Fundy along the maritime provinces of Eastern Canada.
- 1877 – Chief Joseph surrenders his Nez Perce band to US General Nelson A. Miles.
- 1895 – The first individual time trial for cyclists takes place in London.
1901 – 2000
- 1903 – Samuel Griffith becomes the first Chief Justice of Australia.
- 1905 – Wilbur Wright pilots the Wright Flyer III in a flight of 24 miles in 39 minutes, a world record that stuck until 1908.
- 1908 – Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina.
- 1910 – Portugal becomes a Republic.
- 1914 – World War I: First aerial combat resulting in a death, in international conflict.
- 1915 – Bulgaria enters World War I as one of the Central Powers.
- 1921 – Baseball's World Series is broadcast on radio for the first time.
- 1933 – In Germany, the Nazis take total control of the press.
- 1938 – In Germany, under Nazi rule, Jews' passports are declared illegal.
- 1943 – World War II: 98 American POWs are executed by Japanese forces on Wake Island in the Pacific Ocean.
- 1944 – World War II: Royal Canadian Air Force pilots shoot down the first German jet fighter over France.
- 1944 – Women in France are given the right to vote.
- 1947 – The first televised White House address is given by Harry S. Truman.
- 1948 – A magnitude 7.3 earthquake strikes present–day Turkmenistan, killing over 100,000 people.
- 1951 – The first Mediterranean Games begin in Alexandria, Egypt.
- 1955 – Disneyland Hotel opens in Anaheim, California.
- 1962 – The first James Bond movie, Dr. No, is released.
- 1962 – Love Me Do, the Beatles' first single, is released in the United Kingdom.
- 1968 – Police baton civil rights demonstrators in Derry, Northern Ireland, considered to be the beginning of the Troubles.
- 1969 – Monty Python's Flying Circus is first shown on BBC One.
- 1970 – The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is founded.
- 1970 – In Montreal, Quebec, Canada, British trade commissioner James Cross is kidnapped by members of the Front de liberation du Quebec, starting the October Crisis.
- 1973 – Signature of the European Patent Convention.
- 1974 – The Guildford pub bombings are carried out by the Provisional IRA, killing 4 British soldiers and 1 civilian.
- 1984 – Marc Garneau becomes the first Canadian in space.
- 1986 – Israel's secret nuclear weapons are revealed.
- 1988 – The Brazilian Constitution is ratified by the Constituent Assembly.
- 1989 – Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama, wins the Nobel Peace Prize.
- 1991 – An Indonesian military transport plane crashes after take–off from Jakarta, Indonesia, killing 137, including two on the ground. Only one on board survives.
- 1992 – Lennart Meri becomes President of Estonia.
- 1999 – The Ladbroke Grove rail crash in West London kills 31 people.
- 2000 – Mass demonstrations in Belgrade lead to the resignation of Serbian leader Slobodan Milosevic.
From 2001
- 2001 – In baseball, Barry Bonds overtakes Mark McGwire's single–season home run record, hitting his 71st and 72nd home runs of the season respectively.
- 2004 – At 27.25 degrees Celsius, Germany records its warmest October 5th in 125 years.
- 2011 – Steve Jobs, former CEO of Apple Inc., dies aged 56, leading to widespread reaction on social media.
- 2014 – Formula One racing driver Jules Bianchi suffers serious injuries in a crash at the Japanese Grand Prix, leading to his death in July 2015.
- 2017 – Allegations of sexual harassment against the film producer Harvey Weinstein are published, starting the #MeToo movement.
- 2018 – Denis Mukwege and Nadia Murad win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Up to 1900
- 1338 – Alexios III, Emperor of Trebizond (d. 1390)
- 1520 – Alessandro Farnese, Italian cardinal (d. 1589)
- 1640 – Françoise-Athenais, marquise de Montespan, mistress to King Louis XIV of France (d. 1707)
- 1658 – Mary of Modena, Queen of England (d. 1718)
- 1703 – Jonathan Edwards, American theologian (d. 1758)
- 1712 – Francesco Guardi, Italian painter (d. 1793)
- 1713 – Denis Diderot, French philosopher (d. 1784)
- 1717 – Marie Anne de Mailly, mistress to Louis XV of France (d. 1744)
- 1743 – Giuseppe Gazzaniga, Italian opera composer (d. 1818)
- 1781 – Bernard Bolzano, Czech mathematician and philosopher (d. 1848)
- 1789 – William Scoresby, British sailor and explorer (d. 1857)
- 1829 – Chester A. Arthur, 21st President of the United States (d. 1886)
- 1844 – Francis William van Reitz, State President of the Orange Free State (d. 1934)
- 1848 – Guido von List, German writer (d. 1919)
- 1850 – Sergey Muromtsev, Russian lawyer and politician (d. 1910)
- 1858 – Helen Churchill Candee, American author and journalist (d. 1929)
- 1861 – Ismael Montes, President of Bolivia (d. 1933)
- 1862 – Wilhelm Solf, German politician and diplomat (d. 1936)
- 1864 – Louis Lumière, French cinema pioneer (d. 1948)
- 1878 – Louise Dresser, American actress (d. 1965)
- 1879 – Francis Peyton Rous, American pathologist (d. 1970)
- 1881 – Robert Stangland, American athlete (d. 1953)
- 1882 – Robert H. Goddard, American rocket scientist (d. 1945)
- 1882 – Giorgio Abetti, Italian astronomer (d. 1982)
- 1885 – Ida Rubinstein, Russian dancer, actress and choreographer (d. 1960)
- 1887 – Max Ackermann, German painter (d. 1975)
- 1887 – René Cassin, French jurist (d. 1976)
- 1888 – Mary Fuller, American actress and comedienne (d. 1973)
- 1889 – Teresa de la Parra, Venezuelan novelist (d. 1936)
- 1892 – Remington Kellogg, American naturalist (d. 1969)
- 1894 – Bevil Rudd, South African athlete (d. 1948)
- 1895 – Walter Bedell Smith, American general (d. 1961)
- 1898 – Nachum Gutman, Moldovan–Israeli painter and sculptor (d. 1980)
- 1899 – Georg, Duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1963)
1901 – 1950
- 1901 – John Alton, American cinematographer (d. 1996)
- 1902 – Ray Kroc, American fast food entrepreneur (d. 1984)
- 1905 – John Hoyt, American actor (d. 1991)
- 1908 – Joshua Logan, American director and screenwriter (d. 1988)
- 1911 – Brian O'Nolan, Irish writer (d. 1966)
- 1914 – Zhang Zhen, Chinese general (d. 2015)
- 1916 – Stetson Kennedy, American writer (d. 2011)
- 1919 – Donald Pleasence, English actor (d. 1995)
- 1920 – Meliton Kantaria, Soviet–Georgian soldier, raised Soviet Flag on the Reichstag (d. 1993)
- 1921 – Pham Duy, Vietnamese singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
- 1922 – José Froilán González, Argentine racing driver (d. 2013)
- 1922 – Jock Stein, Scottish football manager (d. 1985)
- 1923 – Albert Gudmundsson, Icelandic footballer and politician (d. 1994)
- 1923 – Glynis Johns, British actress
- 1923 – Kailashpati Mishra, Indian politician, Governor of Gujarat (d. 2012)
- 1924 – Bill Dana, American actor
- 1924 – Frederic Morton, Austrian–American writer (d. 2015)
- 1924 – Javid Iqbal, Pakistani judge (d. 2015)
- 1925 – Walter Dale Miller, American politician, 29th Governor of South Dakota (d. 2015)
- 1927 – Bruce Millan, Scottish politician (d. 2013)
- 1929 – Robert F. Gordon, Jr., American astronaut
- 1930 – Pavel Popovich, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 2009)
- 1930 – Reinhard Selten, German economist (d. 2016)
- 1931 – Derek Grierson, Scottish footballer (d. 2011)
- 1932 – Madhav Apte, Indian cricketer (d. 2019)
- 1932 – Neal Ascherson, Scottish journalist and writer
- 1933 – Diane Cilento, Australian actress (d. 2011)
- 1936 – Václav Havel, Czech playwright and former President of the Czech Republic and Czechoslovakia (d. 2011)
- 1937 – Barry Switzer, American football coach
- 1938 – Teresa Heinz Kerry, wife of US Senator John Kerry and part of the family that owns the Heinz ketchup company
- 1941 – Eduardo Duhalde, former President of Argentina
- 1943 – Michael Morpurgo, English writer
- 1944 – Cesare Nosiglia, Italian archbishop
- 1944 – Nils Malmros, Danish movie director and screenwriter
- 1946 – Thomson Allan, Scottish footballer
- 1946 – Robin Lane Fox, English historian and author
- 1947 – Michèle Pierre-Louis, 14th Prime Minister of Haiti
- 1947 – Brian Johnson, English singer–songwriter (AC/DC)
- 1948 – Drew Jarvie, Scottish footballer
- 1948 – Tawl Ross, American guitarist (Funkadelic)
- 1949 – Peter Ackroyd, English author
- 1949 – Klaus Ludwig, German racing driver
- 1950 – Jeff Conaway, American actor (d. 2011)
- 1950 – Eddie Clarke, English guitarist
1951 – 1975
- 1951 – Bob Geldof, Irish musician and humanitarian activist
- 1951 – Karen Allen, American actress
- 1951 – Willie Donachie, Scottish footballer
- 1952 – Emomalii Rahmon, President of Tajikistan
- 1952 – Vladimir Nevzorov, Russian judoka
- 1954 – Jimmy Hartwig, German footballer and actor
- 1955 – Jean-Jacques Lafon, French singer-songwriter
- 1955 – Caroline Loeb, French actress and singer
- 1955 – Angela Molina, Spanish actress
- 1957 – Lee Thompson, English singer-songwriter and saxophonist
- 1957 – Bernie Mac, American actor and comedian (d. 2008)
- 1958 – Antonio Di Gennaro, Italian footballer
- 1958 – André Kuipers, Dutch astronaut
- 1958 – Neil deGrasse Tyson, American astrophysicist, cosmologist and author
- 1960 – David Kirk, New Zealand rugby player
- 1960 – Daniel Baldwin, American actor
- 1960 – Careca, Brazilian footballer
- 1962 – Caron Keating, British television personality (d. 2004)
- 1962 – Michael Andretti, American racing driver
- 1963 – Laura Davies, British golfer
- 1963 – Michael Hadschieff, Austrian speed skater
- 1963 – Charlotte Link, German author
- 1963 – Nick Robinson, English journalist
- 1964 – Keiji Fujiwara, Japanese voice actor
- 1965 – Mario Lemieux, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1966 – Inessa Kravets, Ukrainian athlete
- 1967 – Guy Pearce, Australian actor
- 1967 – Rex Chapman, American basketball player and sportscaster
- 1970 – Tasmina Ahmed-Sheikh, Scottish politician
- 1971 – Mauricio Pellegrino, Argentine footballer
- 1972 – Grant Hill, American basketball player
- 1974 – Alex Walkinshaw, English actor
- 1975 – Kate Winslet, English actress
- 1975 – Parminder Nagra, English actress
- 1975 – Bobo Baldé, Guinean footballer
- 1975 – Monica Rial, American voice actress
From 1976
- 1976 – Song Seung-heon, South Korean actor and singer
- 1976 – Ramzan Kadyrov, President of Chechnya
- 1976 – Royston Ten, Singaporean director, producer and screenwriter
- 1977 – Konstantin Zyryanov, Russian footballer
- 1977 – Hugleikur Dagsson, Icelandic artist
- 1978 – James Valentine, American musician (Maroon 5)
- 1979 – Vince Grella, Australian footballer
- 1979 – Joe Lipari, American writer, comedian and moviemaker
- 1980 – Paul Thomas, American musician (Good Charlotte)
- 1980 – James Toseland, British motorcycle racer
- 1981 – Zhang Yining, Chinese table tennis player
- 1981 – Joel Lindpere, Estonian footballer
- 1982 – Brandi Williams, American singer-songwriter and actress
- 1983 – Florian Mayer, German tennis player
- 1983 – Jesse Eisenberg, American actor
- 1983 – Nicky Hilton, American heiress of the Hilton Hotel chain
- 1984 – Zlatko Dedic, Slovenian footballer
- 1984 – Kenwyne Jones, Trinidadian footballer
- 1984 – Clint Jones, American ski jumper
- 1985 – Nicola Roberts, British singer (Girls Aloud)
- 1987 – Kevin Mirallas, Belgian footballer
- 1987 – Park So Yeon, South Korean singer
- 1987 – Hadleigh Parkes, New Zealand–Welsh rugby union player
- 1988 – Bahar Kızıl, German singer-songwriter (Monrose)
- 1988 – Sam Warburton, Welsh rugby player
- 1989 – Asmirandah, Indonesian actress, singer, writer and model
- 1991 – Arthur Pic, French racing driver
- 1992 – Kevin Magnussen, Danish racing driver
- 1992 – Mercedes Lambre, Argentine actress and singer
Up to 1900
- 578 – Justin II, Byantine Emperor (b. 520)
- 877 – Charles the Bald
- 1056 – Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1017)
- 1112 – Sigebert of Gembloux, French monk, historian and author (b. 1030)
- 1214 – King Alfonso VIII of Castile (b. 1155)
- 1285 – King Philip III of France (b. 1245)
- 1606 – Philippe Desportes, French poet (b. 1546)
- 1763 – King Augustus III of Poland (b. 1696)
- 1777 – Johann Andreas Segner, Slovakian–German mathematician, physicist and physician (b. 1704)
- 1791 – Grigori Potemkin, Russian statesman (b. 1739)
- 1805 – Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, English general (b. 1738)
- 1813 – Tecumseh, Native American leader (b. 1768)
- 1837 – Hortense de Beauharnais Queen of Holland and mother of the Emperor Napoleon III of France (b. 1783)
- 1853 – Mahlon Dickerson, Governor of New Jersey (b. 1770)
- 1855 – Thomas Mitchell, Australian explorer
- 1861 – Kinsley S. Bingham, Governor of Michigan (b. 1808)
- 1880 – Jacques Offenbach, French composer (b. 1819)
1901 – 2000
- 1913 – Hans von Bartels, German painter (b. 1856)
- 1918 – Roland Garros, French pilot (b. 1888)
- 1927 – Sam Warner, American movie producer (b. 1887)
- 1930 – Christopher Birdwood Thomson, 1st Baron Thomson, British Secretary of State for Air (b. 1876)
- 1933 – Renée Adoree, French actress (b. 1898)
- 1936 – J. Slauerhoff, Dutch poet and novelist, from complications following neglected tuberculosis (b. 1898)
- 1938 – Mary Faustina Kowalska, Polish nun, mystic and saint (b. 1905)
- 1940 – Silvestre Revueltas, Mexican composer (b. 1899)
- 1941 – Louis Dembitz Brandeis, justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (b. 1856)
- 1943 – Leon Roppolo, jazz musician (b. 1902)
- 1957 – José Leandro Andrade, Uruguayan footballer (b. 1901)
- 1969 – Walter Hagen, champion golfer
- 1976 – Lars Onsager, Norwegian physical chemist (b. 1903)
- 1976 – Barbara Nichols, American actress (b. 1929)
- 1983 – Earl Tupper, inventor of Tupperware (b. 1907)
- 1983 – Humberto Mauro, Brazilian movie director and screenwriter (b. 1897)
- 1986 – Hal B. Wallis, movie producer
- 1986 – James H. Wilkinson, mathematician (b. 1919)
- 1992 – Eddie Kendricks, singer (b. 1939)
- 1995 – Linda Gary, voice actor (b. 1944)
- 1996 – Seymour Cray, American computer pioneer (b. 1926)
From 2001
- 2002 – Chuck Rayner, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1920)
- 2003 – Denis Quilley, British actor (b. 1927)
- 2003 – Dan Snyder, Atlanta Thrashers ice hockey player (b. 1978)
- 2004 – Rodney Dangerfield, American comedian (b. 1921)
- 2004 – Maurice Wilkins, DNA pioneer (b. 1916)
- 2007 – Walter Kempowski, German writer (b. 1929)
- 2007 – Justin Tuveri, Italian World War I veteran (b. 1898)
- 2009 – Giselher Klebe, German composer (b. 1925)
- 2009 – Israel Gelfand, Soviet–born American mathematician (b. 1913)
- 2010 – Bernard Clavel, French writer (b. 1923)
- 2011 – Bert Jansch, Scottish musician (b. 1943)
- 2011 – Steve Jobs, American computer entrepreneur and innovator, co–founder and CEO of Apple Inc. (b. 1955)
- 2011 – Charles Napier, American actor (b. 1936)
- 2012 – Claude Pinoteau, French movie director and screenwriter (b. 1925)
- 2013 – Carlo Lizzani, Italian actor and movie director (b. 1922)
- 2014 – Yuri Lyubimov, Russian stage actor and director (b. 1917)
- 2014 – Andrea de Cesaris, Italian racing driver (b. 1959)
- 2014 – Anna Przybylska, Polish actress (b. 1978)
- 2014 – Geoffrey Holder, Trinidadian actor, director, artist and dancer (b. 1930)
- 2014 – Anna Maria Gherardi, Italian actress (b. 1939)
- 2014 – Misty Upham, American actress (b. 1982)
- 2015 – Henning Mankell, Swedish writer (b. 1948)
- 2015 – Jos Vandeloo, Belgian writer and poet (b. 1925)
- 2015 – Grace Lee Boggs, American writer and activist (b. 1915)
- 2015 – Chantal Akerman, Belgian movie director and artist (b. 1950)
- 2015 – Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria (b. 1938)
- 2016 – Georges Balandier, French sociologist, ethnologist and anthropologist (b. 1920)
- 2016 – Michal Kovac, 1st President of Slovakia (b. 1930)
- 2016 – Josh Samman, American mixed martial artist (b. 1988)
- 2017 – Toon Geurts, Dutch sprint canoeist (b. 1932)
- 2017 – Eberhard van der Laan, Dutch politician (b. 1955)
- 2017 – Giorgio Pressburger, Hungarian–Italian writer (b. 1937)
- 2017 – Anne Wiazemsky, French actress and novelist (b. 1947)
- 2017 – Sylke Tempel, German journalist and novelist (b. 1963)
- 2018 – Jimmy Duquennoy, Belgian cyclist (b. 1995)
- 2018 – Ray Galton, English screenwriter (b. 1930)
- 2018 – Ivar Odnes, Norwegian politician (b. 1963)
- 2018 – Víctor Pey, Spanish–Chilean engineer and political activist (b. 1915)
- 2019 – Andy Etcheburren, American baseball player (b. 1943)
- 2019 – Marcello Giordani, Italian tenor (b. 1963)
- 2019 – David Greaves, English snooker player (b. 1946)
- 2019 – Henry Keizer, Dutch politician and businessman (b. 1960)
- 2019 – Blaine Lindgren, American sprinter (b. 1939)
- 2019 – Margaret Lyons, Canadian radio executive (b. 1923)
- 2019 – Philippe Vandevelde, Belgian comic writer (b. 1957)
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