لارېنسيوم

Lawrencium, ₁₀₃Lr
عمومي خواص
Pronunciation	/ləˈrɛnsiəm/ ; lə-REN-see-əm
Appearance	silvery (predicted)
Lawrencium په دوراني جدول کې
nobelium ← lawrencium → rutherfordium	‍
اټومي شمیره (Z)	103
گروپ, پیریود	group n/a, period 7
بلاک	f-block
Element category	actinide, sometimes considered a transition metal
Mass number	266 (most stable isotope)
Electron configuration	[Rn] 5f14 7s2 7p1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 8, 3
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)	جامد (predicted)
دويلې کيدو ټکى	1900 K (1627 °C, 2961 °F) (predicted)
Density near r.t.	~15.6–16.6 g/cm3 (predicted)
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states	3
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.3 (predicted)
Ionization energies	1st: 478.6 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1428.0 kJ/mol (predicted); 3rd: 2219.1 kJ/mol (predicted); ;
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	hexagonal close-packed (hcp) Hexagonal close-packed crystal structure for lawrencium; (predicted)
CAS Number	22537-19-5
History
Naming	after Ernest Lawrence
Discovery	Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (1961–1971)
Main isotopes of lawrencium
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لارېنسيوم (په انگرېزي: Lawrencium) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د Lr سمبول او ۱۰۳ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

چټک مالومات عمومي خواص, Pronunciation ...

تړل

[1]
Emsley, John (2011). Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements (New ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. p. 278–9. ISBN 978-0-19-960563-7.
[2]
Fournier, Jean-Marc (1976). "Bonding and the electronic structure of the actinide metals". Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 37 (2): 235–244. doi:10.1016/0022-3697(76)90167-0.
[3]
Penneman, R. A.; Mann, J. B. (1976). "'Calculation chemistry' of the superheavy elements; comparison with elements of the 7th period". Proceedings of the Moscow Symposium on the Chemistry of Transuranium Elements: 257–263. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-020638-7.50053-1.
[4]
Brown, Geoffrey (2012). The Inaccessible Earth: An integrated view to its structure and composition. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 88. ISBN 9789401115162.
[5]
http://cen.acs.org/articles/93/i15/Lawrencium-Ionization-Energy-Measured.html?cq_ck=1428631698138
[6]
Östlin, A.; Vitos, L. (2011). "First-principles calculation of the structural stability of 6d transition metals". Physical Review B. 84 (11). Bibcode:2011PhRvB..84k3104O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.84.113104.

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