眾
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Han character
眾 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 田中人人人 (WLOOO), four-corner 27232, composition ⿱罒⿲人亻人)
Derived characters
- 潀, 𨖙, 𬌎, 𩅉
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 807, character 15
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23321
- Dae Jaweon: page 1223, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2917, character 4
- Unihan data for U+773E
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 眾 | |
|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions |
 |
 |
Pictogram (象形) : a sun (日) above three humans (㐺) – people gathered or working under the sun.
The top, originally 日 (“sun”) in oracle script has been modified, in bronze script resembling instead a horizontal eye (early form of 目) – reinterpreted as “a crowd under someone’s gaze”, and now resembles 罒.
The bottom, originally three figures (人人人), uses various forms of 人 and 亻, with variation depending on font.
Etymology 1
Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-toŋ (“thousand”) (Peiros and Starostin, 1996; STEDT); if so, cognate with Tibetan སྟོང (stong, “thousand”), Burmese ထောင် (htaung, “thousand”), Drung tu (“thousand”), Nuosu ꄙ (dur, “thousand”).
Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) compares this word with Classical Tibetan [script needed] (yong, “in all, at all times, ever before”) and Tibetan ཡོངས (yongs, “all, whole”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zong4
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): zung4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): zung3
- Northern Min (KCR): ce̤̿ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): cé̤ṳng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zoeng4 / zyeng4
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tson
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zhong4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhòng
- Wade–Giles: chung4
- Yale: jùng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jonq
- Palladius: чжун (čžun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: zong4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zung
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡soŋ²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zung3
- Yale: jung
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzung3
- Guangdong Romanization: zung3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʊŋ³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: zuung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɵŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: zung4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡suŋ³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chung
- Hakka Romanization System: zung
- Hagfa Pinyim: zung4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: zung3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡suŋ⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ce̤̿ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sœyŋ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cé̤ṳng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡søyŋ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zoeng4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sœŋ⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zyeng4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡syøŋ⁴²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
Note:
- chèng - vernacular;
- chiòng - literary.
- Middle Chinese: tsyuwngH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*tuŋ-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*tjuŋs/
Definitions
眾
- masses; people; multitude; crowd; everyone
- † everything; all matters
- † all the government officials
- † soldier; army; troops
- † slave labour in agriculture
- (Buddhism) number of monks
- many; numerous
- 眾天使都站在寶座和眾長老並四活物的周圍，在寶座前，面伏於地，敬拜神 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation), 啟示錄 (Revelation) 7:11
- Zhòng tiānshǐ dōu zhàn zài bǎozuò hé zhòng zhǎnglǎo bìng sì huówù de zhōuwéi, zài bǎozuò qián, miàn fú yú dì, jìngbài Shén [Pinyin]
- And all the angels stood round about the throne, and about the elders and the four beasts, and fell before the throne on their faces, and worshipped God
众天使都站在宝座和众长老并四活物的周围，在宝座前，面伏于地，敬拜神 [MSC, simp.]- 孟子曰：「廣土眾民，君子欲之，所樂不存焉。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
- Mèngzǐ yuē: “Guǎng tǔ zhòng mín, jūnzǐ yù zhī, suǒ yuè bù cún yān.” [Pinyin]
- Mencius said, 'Wide territory and a numerous people are desired by the superior man, but what he delights in is not here.'
孟子曰：「广土众民，君子欲之，所乐不存焉。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- † majority
- † various; different
- † general; common
- 32nd tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "legion" (𝌥)
- a surname
Compounds
- 一不扭眾 / 一不扭众
- 一不拗眾 / 一不拗众
- 一傅眾咻 / 一傅众咻
- 一切眾生 / 一切众生
- 一眾 / 一众
- 不負眾望 / 不负众望 (bùfù-zhòngwàng)
- 人多勢眾 / 人多势众 (rénduōshìzhòng)
- 人才出眾 / 人才出众
- 人眾勝天 / 人众胜天
- 以寡擊眾 / 以寡击众
- 以寡敵眾 / 以寡敌众
- 以少克眾 / 以少克众
- 以眾克寡 / 以众克寡
- 伏眾 / 伏众
- 公眾 / 公众 (gōngzhòng)
- 公眾人物 / 公众人物 (gōngzhòng rénwù)
- 公眾傳播 / 公众传播
- 公眾參與 / 公众参与
- 公眾衛生 / 公众卫生
- 出眾 / 出众 (chūzhòng)
- 力排眾議 / 力排众议 (lìpáizhòngyì)
- 動眾勞師 / 动众劳师
- 勞師動眾 / 劳师动众 (láoshīdòngzhòng)
- 博施濟眾 / 博施济众
- 各眾 / 各众
- 合眾國 / 合众国 (hézhòngguó)
- 四眾 / 四众 (sì zhòng)
- 大庭廣眾 / 大庭广众 (dàtíngguǎngzhòng)
- 大眾 / 大众 (dàzhòng)
- 大眾傳播 / 大众传播 (dàzhòng chuánbō)
- 大眾公司 / 大众公司
- 大眾化 / 大众化 (dàzhònghuà)
- 大眾媒介 / 大众媒介
- 大眾文化 / 大众文化 (dàzhòng wénhuà)
- 大眾文學 / 大众文学
- 大眾社會 / 大众社会
- 大眾語 / 大众语
- 大眾運輸 / 大众运输
- 大眾部 / 大众部
- 妖術惑眾 / 妖术惑众
- 妖言惑眾 / 妖言惑众 (yāoyánhuòzhòng)
- 孚眾望 / 孚众望
- 安民恤眾 / 安民恤众 (ānmínxùzhòng)
- 寡不敵眾 / 寡不敌众 (guǎbùdízhòng)
- 小眾藝術 / 小众艺术
- 幾眾 / 几众
- 廣土眾民 / 广土众民 (guǎngtǔzhòngmín)
- 廣庭大眾 / 广庭大众
- 廣眾 / 广众 (guǎngzhòng)
- 廣眾大庭 / 广众大庭
- 彼眾我寡 / 彼众我寡 (bǐzhòngwǒguǎ)
- 徒眾 / 徒众 (túzhòng)
- 惑眾 / 惑众 (huòzhòng)
- 懲一儆眾 / 惩一儆众
- 截斷眾流 / 截断众流
- 敵眾我寡 / 敌众我寡 (dízhòngwǒguǎ)
- 斬首示眾 / 斩首示众
- 普度眾生 / 普度众生
- 普渡眾生 / 普渡众生
- 普濟眾生 / 普济众生
- 會眾 / 会众 (huìzhòng)
- 朝眾 / 朝众
- 梵眾 / 梵众
- 構詞惑眾 / 构词惑众
- 比眾不同 / 比众不同
- 民眾 / 民众 (mínzhòng)
- 民眾教育 / 民众教育
- 民眾運動 / 民众运动
- 法不責眾 / 法不责众 (fǎbùzézhòng)
- 流言惑眾 / 流言惑众
- 烏合之眾 / 乌合之众 (wūhézhīzhòng)
- 獨排眾議 / 独排众议 (dúpáizhòngyì)
- 當眾 / 当众 (dāngzhòng)
- 百萬之眾 / 百万之众
- 眾人 / 众人 (zhòngrén)
- 眾位 / 众位 (zhòngwèi)
- 眾叛親離 / 众叛亲离 (zhòngpànqīnlí)
- 眾口一詞 / 众口一词 (zhòngkǒuyīcí)
- 眾口交攻 / 众口交攻
- 眾口交薦 / 众口交荐
- 眾口交譽 / 众口交誉
- 眾口同聲 / 众口同声
- 眾口如一 / 众口如一
- 眾口熏天
- 眾口稱善 / 众口称善
- 眾口紛紜 / 众口纷纭
- 眾口鑠金 / 众口铄金 (zhòngkǒushuòjīn)
- 眾口難調 / 众口难调
- 眾喣漂山 / 众喣漂山
- 眾喣飄山 / 众喣飘山
- 眾多 / 众多 (zhòngduō)
- 眾寡 / 众寡
- 眾寡不敵 / 众寡不敌
- 眾寡勢殊 / 众寡势殊
- 眾寡懸殊 / 众寡悬殊
- 眾寡莫敵 / 众寡莫敌
- 眾寡難敵 / 众寡难敌
- 眾少不敵 / 众少不敌
- 眾少成多 / 众少成多
- 眾川赴海 / 众川赴海
- 眾庶 / 众庶 (zhòngshù)
- 眾心如城 / 众心如城
- 眾心成城 / 众心成城
- 眾志成城 / 众志成城 (zhòngzhìchéngchéng)
- 眾怒 / 众怒 (zhòngnù)
- 眾怒難任 / 众怒难任
- 眾怒難犯 / 众怒难犯
- 眾所周知 / 众所周知 (zhòngsuǒzhōuzhī)
- 眾所熟知 / 众所熟知
- 眾所瞻望 / 众所瞻望
- 眾所矚目 / 众所瞩目
- 眾擎易舉 / 众擎易举
- 眾散親離 / 众散亲离
- 眾星拱北 / 众星拱北
- 眾星拱月 / 众星拱月 (zhòngxīnggǒngyuè)
- 眾星拱辰 / 众星拱辰
- 眾星捧月 / 众星捧月
- 眾望 / 众望 (zhòngwàng)
- 眾望所依 / 众望所依
- 眾望所歸 / 众望所归 (zhòngwàngsuǒguī)
- 眾望所積 / 众望所积
- 眾望攸歸 / 众望攸归
- 眾望有歸 / 众望有归
- 眾毀所歸 / 众毁所归
- 眾毛攢裘 / 众毛攒裘
- 眾生 / 众生 (zhòngshēng)
- 眾生相 / 众生相 (zhòngshēngxiàng)
- 眾目共睹 / 众目共睹
- 眾目共視 / 众目共视
- 眾目具瞻 / 众目具瞻
- 眾目所歸 / 众目所归
- 眾目昭彰 / 众目昭彰
- 眾目睽睽 / 众目睽睽 (zhòngmùkuíkuí)
- 眾盲摸象 / 众盲摸象 (zhòngmángmōxiàng)
- 眾矢之的 / 众矢之的 (zhòngshǐzhīdì)
- 眾說 / 众说 (zhòngshuō)
- 眾說紛紜 / 众说纷纭 (zhòngshuōfēnyún)
- 眾論 / 众论 (zhònglùn)
- 眾議 / 众议 (zhòngyì)
- 眾議成林 / 众议成林
- 眾議院 / 众议院 (zhòngyìyuàn)
- 眾醉獨醒 / 众醉独醒
- 示眾 / 示众 (shìzhòng)
- 萬眾一心 / 万众一心 (wànzhòngyīxīn)
- 稠人廣眾 / 稠人广众
- 糾眾 / 纠众
- 群眾 / 群众 (qúnzhòng)
- 群眾心理 / 群众心理
- 群眾路線 / 群众路线 (qúnzhòng lùxiàn)
- 群眾運動 / 群众运动 (qúnzhòng yùndòng)
- 群眾關係 / 群众关系
- 聚眾 / 聚众 (jùzhòng)
- 聚眾滋事 / 聚众滋事
- 聽眾 / 听众 (tīngzhòng)
- 與眾不同 / 与众不同 (yǔzhòngbùtóng)
- 興兵動眾 / 兴兵动众
- 興師動眾 / 兴师动众 (xīngshīdòngzhòng)
- 舉眾 / 举众
- 芸芸眾生 / 芸芸众生 (yúnyúnzhòngshēng)
- 行師動眾 / 行师动众
- 行軍動眾 / 行军动众
- 親離眾叛 / 亲离众叛
- 觀眾 / 观众 (guānzhòng)
- 訛言惑眾 / 讹言惑众
- 謠言惑眾 / 谣言惑众
- 譁眾取寵 / 哗众取宠 (huázhòngqǔchǒng)
- 警眾 / 警众
- 起兵動眾 / 起兵动众
- 起師動眾 / 起师动众
- 超群出眾 / 超群出众
- 身先士眾 / 身先士众
- 逞己失眾 / 逞己失众
- 造言惑眾 / 造言惑众
- 造謠惑眾 / 造谣惑众 (zàoyáo huòzhòng)
- 部眾 / 部众 (bùzhòng)
- 餘眾 / 余众 (yúzhòng)
Descendants
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhong
- Wade–Giles: chung1
- Yale: jūng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jong
- Palladius: чжун (čžun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zung1
- Yale: jūng
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzung1
- Guangdong Romanization: zung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: tsyuwng
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*tjuŋ/
Definitions
眾
References
- “眾”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “众”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 311.
Kanji
眾
- Alternative form of 衆
Readings
Hanja
眾 • (jung) (hangeul 중, revised jung, McCune–Reischauer chung, Yale cwung)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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