io
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Io and Appendix:Variations of "io"
Etymology
Abbreviation of English and Ido Ido
Symbol
io
Etymology 1
From New Latin, from Ancient Greek Ἰώ (Iṓ, “Io”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈaɪəʊ/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Rhymes: -aɪəʊ
Noun
io (plural ios)
Etymology 2
From Latin iō; compare Ancient Greek ἰώ (iṓ, “oh!”).
Interjection
io
- (rare) An exclamation of joy or triumph.
- 1913, Crowley, Aleister, “Hymn To Pan”, in Book 4, University of California Libraries, Magick in Theory and Practice:
- Do as thou wilt, as a great god can,
O Pan! Io Pan!
Io Pan! Io Pan Pan! I am awake
In the grip of the snake.
Anagrams
Pronoun
io
Pronoun
io
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Latin io, from Ancient Greek ἰώ (iṓ). Doublet of jo.
Interjection
io
Further reading
- Matthias de Vries, Lambert Allard te Winkel (1864) “io”, in Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal, published 2001
Etymology
From i- (indeterminate correlative prefix) + -o (correlative suffix of objects).
Pronunciation
Pronoun
io (accusative ion)
- something (indeterminate correlative of objects)
Usage notes
Derived terms
See also
 |
Interrogative | Demonstrative | Indefinite | Universal | Negative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ki- | ti- | i- | ĉi- | neni- | ||
| Kind of, sort of | -a | kia | tia | ia | ĉia | nenia |
| Reason | -al | kial | tial | ial | ĉial | nenial |
| Time | -am | kiam | tiam | iam | ĉiam | neniam |
| Place | -e | kie | tie | ie | ĉie | nenie |
| Motion | -en | kien | tien | ien | ĉien | nenien |
| Manner | -el | kiel | tiel | iel | ĉiel | neniel |
| Possessive | -es | kies | ties | ies | ĉies | nenies |
| Demonstrative pronoun | -o | kio | tio | io | ĉio | nenio |
| Amount | -om | kiom | tiom | iom | ĉiom | neniom |
| Demonstrative determiner | -u | kiu | tiu | iu | ĉiu | neniu |
Esperanto correlatives
Etymology
Pronunciation
Pronoun
io
- I
- Io te ama.
- I love you.
Etymology
Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.
Pronoun
io (first-person singular, plural noi)
Declension
| nominative | io | |
|---|---|---|
| accusative | stressed | mire |
| unstressed | me (m') | |
| dative | stressed | mi |
| unstressed | âm | |
| genitive | masc. sg. | meu/mev |
| fem. sg. | me | |
| masc. pl. | meľ | |
| fem. pl. | mele | |
Alternative forms
Etymology
Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
io (personal, first person, possessive mio)
- I (the first-person singular nominative pronoun)
Usage notes
- Italian being a pro-drop language, subject pronouns are mostly omitted, both in the written and spoken language, as the inflected verb is conjugated by person. An example would be: Mangio una mela, which is much more common than Io mangio una mela, where the subject can be inferred from the inflected form mangio; similarly È carina instead of Lei è carina. The explicit usage of personal pronouns may sound redundant to a native speaker, except when it is used in order to emphasize the subject. (Io mangio una mela could be interpreted as I am eating an apple and you are not).
Descendants
- → Interlingua: io
See also
| Number | Person | Gender | Nominative | Reflexive | Accusative | Dative | Combined | Disjunctive | Locative | Partitive |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | first | — | io | mi, m', -mi | me | me | — | |||
| second | — | tu | ti, t', -ti | te | te | |||||
| third | m | lui | si2, s', -si | lo, l', -lo | gli, -gli | glie, se2 | lui, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) |
ne, n' | |
| f | lei, Lei1 | la, La1, l', L'1, -la, -La1 | le3, Le1, -le3, -Le1 | lei, Lei1, sé | ||||||
| Plural | first | — | noi | ci, c', -ci | ce | noi | — | |||
| second | — | voi, Voi4 | vi, Vi4, v', V'4, -vi, -Vi4 | ve | voi, Voi4 | |||||
| third | m | loro, Loro1 | si, s', -si | li, Li1, -li, -Li1 | gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro1 |
glie, se | loro, Loro1, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) |
ne, n' | |
| f | le, Le1, -le, -Le1 | |||||||||
| 1 | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | |||||||||
| 2 | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | |||||||||
| 3 | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | |||||||||
| 4 | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | |||||||||
Italian personal pronouns
Romanization
io
Etymology
Echoic; compare Greek ἰώ (iṓ), or English yo.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈi.oː/, [ˈioː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈi.o/, [ˈiːo]
Interjection
iō
- an exclamation of joy: hurray, hurrah, yay
- an exclamation of pain: oh, ah, alas
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.447–448:
- illa quidem clāmābat ‘iō, cārissima māter, auferor!’
- Indeed, she was crying out, “Oh! mother dearest – I am being taken away!”
(See Persephone. The full context implies a cry of anguish as well as a plea for help from Persephone's mother, Ceres. The alternative ‘‘Help!’’ calls for an imperative such as ‘‘ferte auxilium!’’.)
- Indeed, she was crying out, “Oh! mother dearest – I am being taken away!”
- illa quidem clāmābat ‘iō, cārissima māter, auferor!’
- an exclamation for getting attention: hey, oi, look, quick
References
- “io”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “io”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- io in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “io”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia
- “io”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “io”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
Etymology
Pronoun
io
Alternative forms
- i̯o
Etymology
Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.
Pronoun
io
Alternative forms
Etymology
Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
io
- I (the first-person singular nominative pronoun)
Coordinate terms
| Number | Person | Nominative | Accusative | Dative | Reflexive | Possessive | Prepositional |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | first-person | io (i') | me | mìo, mìa, mieje, meje | me, méne | ||
| second-person, familiar | tu | te | tùjo, tòja, tùoje, tòje | te, téne | |||
| second-person, formal | vuje | ve | vuósto, vósta, vuóste, vóste | vuje | |||
| third-person, masculine | ìsso | 'o, 'u (lo, lu) | 'i, 'e (li, le) | se | sùjo, sòja, sùoje, sòje | ìsso | |
| third-person, feminine | éssa | 'a (la) | 'e (le) | éssa | |||
| plural | first-person | nuje | ce | nuósto, nòsta, nuóste, nòste | nuje | ||
| second-person, plural | vuje | ve | vuósto, vòsta, vuóste, vòste | vuje | |||
| third-person, masculine | ìsse | 'i, 'e (li, le) | llòro | se | llòro (invariable) | llòro | |
| third-person, feminine | llòro | 'e (le) | |||||
References
- AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 1638: “volete che ci vada io” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *aiw.
Adverb
io
- always, every time, continuously
- 1981, Arend Quak, chapter 1, in Die altmittel- und altniederfränkischen Psalmen und Glossen. Nach den Handschriften und Erstdrucken neu herausgegeben. [The Old Middle and Old Lower Franconian Psalms and Glosses. Republished after the manuscripts and original publications.] (Amsterdamer Publikationen zur Sprache und Literatur; 47), Amsterdam: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 69:
- Duncla uuerthin ougon iro that sia ne gesian in rukgi iro io an crumbe.
- May their eyes be blinded so they (can) not see, and may their back keep getting bent!
- 1981, Arend Quak, chapter 1, in Die altmittel- und altniederfränkischen Psalmen und Glossen. Nach den Handschriften und Erstdrucken neu herausgegeben. [The Old Middle and Old Lower Franconian Psalms and Glosses. Republished after the manuscripts and original publications.] (Amsterdamer Publikationen zur Sprache und Literatur; 47), Amsterdam: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 71:
- An thi sang min io.
- For you is always my song.
- ever, at some point, sometime
- 1971, Willy Sanders, editor, (Expositio) Willerammi Eberspergensis abbatis in canticis canticorum. Die Leidener Handschrift. (Kleine deutsche Prosadenkmäler des Mittelalters; 9) (overall work in Latin and Old High German), München: Wilhelm Fink, page 52:
- So wer ouch thurgh godes willan thiro wereld arbeyde muothe, wie magh her ie ze meeron ruowan cuman, thanne thaz her uollecume 'ad fontem totius boni'?
- And whoever by God's will is tired by the burdens of the world, how can he ever attain peace better than that he reaches the source of all good?
Alternative forms
Further reading
- “ie”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *aiw, whence also Old English ā, Old Saxon eo, Old Norse ei, Old Dutch ēwa, io.
Adverb
io
Descendants
- >? German: je
Adverb
io
References
Pronunciation
Verb
io
- (transitive) to marry
Conjugation
References
Alternative forms
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
ió
Derived terms
- ió-orí (“tax, brideprice”)
- ọlíó (“rich person”)
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