cas

See also: Appendix:Variations of "cas"

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kæʒ/
• Rhymes: -æʒ

Adjective

cas (comparative more cas, superlative most cas)

1. (informal) Abbreviation of casual.
   • 2015, The Intern:

     don't feel like you have to dress up. I mean, we're super cas here

Anagrams

• A/Cs, ACS, ACs, ASC, CSA, SAC, SCA, Sac, a/cs, acs, sac

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈkas]
• Rhymes: -as

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin cāsus (“case”).

Noun

cas m (plural casos)

1. case (event, situation, or fact)

Derived terms

• estar al cas
• fer cas
• per si de cas
• per si un cas

Related terms

• casual
• casuista

Etymology 2

Contraction

cas

1. Contraction of ca es.

Further reading

• “cas” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “cas” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Drehu

Drehu cardinal numbers

	1	2  >
Cardinal : cas

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɑs/

Numeral

cas

1. one

References

• Tyron, D.T., Hackman, B. (1983) Solomon Islands languages: An internal classification. Cited in: "Dehu" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.
• Leenhardt, M. (1946) Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mèlanèsie. Cited in: "ⁿDe’u" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French cas, borrowed from Latin cāsus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ka/ ~ /kɑ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑ

Noun

cas m (plural cas)

1. case, situation

   dans la très grande majorité des cas ― in the great majority of cases

2. (medicine) case
3. (law) case

   cas clinique ― clinical case

4. (grammar) case

Derived terms

• aggraver son cas
• au cas où
• au cas par cas
• auquel cas
• cas de conscience
• cas de figure
• cas de figure
• cas direct
• cas d’école
• cas d’espèce
• cas grammatical
• cas oblique
• cas régime
• cas social
• cas sujet
• c’est le cas de le dire
• dans ce cas
• dans le meilleur des cas
• dans un cas comme dans l’autre
• en aucun cas
• en cas de
• en cas que
• en tout cas
• en-cas
• être le cas
• faire cas, faire grand cas, faire peu de cas
• faire peu de cas
• le cas échéant

 

Further reading

• “cas”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• ASC
• sac

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese cas (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), proclitic form of casa (“house”) in some adverbial phrases.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkas/

Noun

cas f (invariable)

1. house; chez
   • 19th century, folk-song:

     Trigo limpo non o hai; se queres algún centeo, vai por el a cas meu pai

     There's no clean wheat; if you want some rye, go fetch it chez my father

   Na cas do ferreiro, coitelo de pau (proverb) ― At the smith's house, knife of wood

Usage notes

When preceding the preposition de this proclitic form, rather than casa, is frequently used.

Derived terms

• Cas de Pedro
• Casdeguístola
• Casdemendo
• Casmartiño

 

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “cas”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “cas d”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cas”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cas”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cas”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay cas, from English charge (“fast ground attack; electric charge”). Cognate of Malay caj.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ʃas]
• Hyphenation: cas
• Rhymes: -as

Noun

cas (first-person possessive casku, second-person possessive casmu, third-person possessive casnya)

1. A type of hand game

Derived terms

• mengecas
• mengecaskan

 

Verb

cas

1. (colloquial) to charge, to add energy to (a battery, or a device containing a battery).

Derived terms

• casan
• mengecas
• mengecaskan
• pengecas

 

Descendants

• → Tetum: cas

Further reading

• “cas” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Irish

FWOTD – 28 June 2018

Etymology

From Old Irish cass (“curly, curly-haired”), from Proto-Celtic *kassos (“curly, twisted, woven”).

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Aran) IPA^(key): /kɑsˠ/
• (Connemara, Mayo, Ulster) IPA^(key): /kasˠ/

Adjective

cas (genitive singular masculine cais, genitive singular feminine caise, plural casa, comparative caise)

1. twisted, winding; curly
2. complicated, intricate
3. twisty, devious

Declension

Declension of cas

	singular		plural (m/f)
Positive	masculine	feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
nominative	cas	chas	casa; chasa2
vocative	chais		casa
genitive		caise	casa	cas
dative	cas; chas1	chas; chais (archaic)	casa; chasa2
Comparative	níos caise
Superlative	is caise

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Verb

cas (present analytic casann, future analytic casfaidh, verbal noun casadh, past participle casta) (transitive, intransitive)

1. twist
2. turn
3. wind
4. (with ar, thar) twist, wind, wrap (something) around (something else)
5. (voice, music, idiomatic) sing, play (a song, tune)

   Tá sé ag casadh amhráin. ― He’s singing a song.

6. return
7. (with le)
   1. reproach with
   2. attempt
9. (with ar, do, le) meet with

   Casadh an fear orm. ― I met the man.

   Cathain a casfar ort í? ― When will you meet her?

10. (with chuig, ag) happen to have

Conjugation

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	casaim	casann tú; casair†	casann sé, sí	casaimid	casann sibh	casann siad; casaid†	a chasann; a chasas / a gcasann*	castar
	past	chas mé; chasas	chas tú; chasais	chas sé, sí	chasamar; chas muid	chas sibh; chasabhair	chas siad; chasadar	a chas / ar chas*	casadh
	past habitual	chasainn / gcasainn‡‡	chastá / gcastᇇ	chasadh sé, sí / gcasadh sé, s퇇	chasaimis; chasadh muid / gcasaimis‡‡; gcasadh muid‡‡	chasadh sibh / gcasadh sibh‡‡	chasaidís; chasadh siad / gcasaidís‡‡; gcasadh siad‡‡	a chasadh / a gcasadh*	chastaí / gcasta퇇
future		casfaidh mé; casfad	casfaidh tú; casfair†	casfaidh sé, sí	casfaimid; casfaidh muid	casfaidh sibh	casfaidh siad; casfaid†	a chasfaidh; a chasfas / a gcasfaidh*	casfar
conditional		chasfainn / gcasfainn‡‡	chasfá / gcasfᇇ	chasfadh sé, sí / gcasfadh sé, s퇇	chasfaimis; chasfadh muid / gcasfaimis‡‡; gcasfadh muid‡‡	chasfadh sibh / gcasfadh sibh‡‡	chasfaidís; chasfadh siad / gcasfaidís‡‡; gcasfadh siad‡‡	a chasfadh / a gcasfadh*	chasfaí / gcasfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go gcasa mé; go gcasad†	go gcasa tú; go gcasair†	go gcasa sé, sí	go gcasaimid; go gcasa muid	go gcasa sibh	go gcasa siad; go gcasaid†	—	go gcastar
	past	dá gcasainn	dá gcastá	dá gcasadh sé, sí	dá gcasaimis; dá gcasadh muid	dá gcasadh sibh	dá gcasaidís; dá gcasadh siad	—	dá gcastaí
imperative		casaim	cas	casadh sé, sí	casaimis	casaigí; casaidh†	casaidís	—	castar
verbal noun		casadh
past participle		casta

conjugation of cas (first conjugation – A)

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

• Alternative verbal noun: castáil (Cois Fharraige)

Synonyms

• cor

Derived terms

• barrchas (“ringleted”)
• cas ar, do, le (“to meet, meet with”)
• caschlár (“turntable”)
• castóir (“winder, turner; reproacher, reviler”)

Noun

cas m (genitive singular casta, nominative plural castaí)

1. Alternative form of casadh

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
cas	chas	gcas
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cas”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “cas”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “cas”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
• Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 67

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *časъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡sas/

Noun

cas m inan

1. time (inevitable passing of events)

Declension

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	cas	casa	case
Genitive	casa	casowu	casow
Dative	casoju	casoma	casam
Accusative	cas	casa	case
Instrumental	casom	casoma	casami
Locative	casu	casoma	casach

Declension of cas

Derived terms

• casnik

Further reading

• Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “cas”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
• Starosta, Manfred (1999) “cas”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Malay

Etymology

From English charge. Doublet of caj.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃas/
• Rhymes: -t͡ʃas, -as

Noun

cas

1. charge
   1. (electromagnetism, chemistry) an electric charge.

      Synonym: muatan (Indonesian)

Descendants

• → Indonesian: cas

Further reading

• “cas” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Middle English

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French cas, from Latin casus (“fall”).

Noun

cas (plural cass)

1. case (event, happening)

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /kɐs/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /kɐs/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /kɐʃ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /kas/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐʃ/

Contraction

cas f pl

1. (colloquial) Contraction of com as (“with the (feminine plural)”): feminine plural of cos

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish cos, from Proto-Celtic *koxsā, from Proto-Indo-European *koḱs-eh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʰas/

Noun

cas f (dative singular cois, genitive singular coise, plural casan)

1. leg
2. foot

   Tha e ochd mìle air cois. ― It is eight miles on foot.

3. handle

Derived terms

• àite-coise
• casachan
• casruisgte
• coisich
• coisridh
• dà-chasach
• gille-coise
• làrach coise
• ochd-chasach

 

Adjective

cas (comparative caise)

1. steep

Mutation

Mutation of cas

radical	lenition
cas	chas

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Spanish

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Psidium friedrichsthalianum

Wikipedia

Etymology

Named by indigenous peoples in Costa Rica (Chibchan).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkas/ [ˈkas]
• Rhymes: -as
• Syllabification: cas

Noun

cas m (plural cases)

1. the fruit of a very tart species of guava

   Synonyms: guayaba de cas, guayaba de Costa Rica, guayaba agria

2. the tree that bears those fruits, Psidium friedrichsthalianum

References

• Robertiello, Jack: Guava/Xalxocotl/Aracu/Guayaba, cited in Américas, Volumes 42-44 (1990), p. 58

Further reading

• “cas”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaːs/
• Rhymes: -aːs

Etymology 1

From Middle Welsh and Old Welsh cas, from Proto-Brythonic *kas.

Adjective

cas (feminine singular cas, plural cas, equative cased, comparative casach, superlative casaf)

1. hateful, nasty

   Mae’n gas gyda fi gwrw. ― I hate beer. (literally, “Beer is hateful with me.”)

2. unpleasant, difficult
3. averse to

Derived terms

• cas beth
• cas gan
• casáu
• casineb

Noun

cas m (plural casau or casoedd)

1. hatred, hatefulness

Etymology 2

From English case.

Noun

cas m (plural casiau)

1. case, container

   Synonym: cynhwysydd

Derived terms

• cas pensiliau

Etymology 3

Abbreviated form of castell (“castle”).

Noun

cas m (uncountable)

1. Used in place names.

Derived terms

• Cas-gwent (“Chepstow”)
• Casllwchwr (“Loughor”)
• Casnewydd (“Newport”)

Etymology 4

Inflected form of cael (“to have; to receive, to get”).

Verb

cas

1. third-person singular preterite of cael

Alternative forms

• cadd (poetic)
• caeth (colloquial)
• cafas (obsolete)
• cafodd

Mutation

Mutated forms of cas

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cas	gas	nghas	chas

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.