Glyph origin
More information Old Chinese ...
|
Old Chinese |
制 |
*kjeds |
淛 |
*kjeds |
製 |
*kjeds |
掣 |
*kʰjeds, *kʰjed |
痸 |
*kʰjeds |
猘 |
*kreds |
Close
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *kʰjeds, *kʰjed) : phonetic 制 (OC *kjeds) + semantic 手 (“hand”).
Etymology 1
More information simp. and trad., alternative forms ...
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Pronunciation
More information Rime, Character ...
Rime |
Character |
掣 |
掣 |
Reading # |
1/2 |
2/2 |
Initial (聲) |
昌 (24) |
昌 (24) |
Final (韻) |
祭 (35) |
薛 (81) |
Tone (調) |
Departing (H) |
Checked (Ø) |
Openness (開合) |
Open |
Open |
Division (等) |
III |
III |
Fanqie |
尺制切 |
昌列切 |
Baxter |
tsyhejH |
tsyhet |
Reconstructions |
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡ɕʰiᴇiH/ |
/t͡ɕʰiᴇt̚/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/t͡ɕʰiɛiH/ |
/t͡ɕʰiɛt̚/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/t͡ɕʰjæiH/ |
/t͡ɕʰjæt̚/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/cʰiajH/ |
/cʰiat̚/ |
Li Rong |
/t͡ɕʰiɛiH/ |
/t͡ɕʰiɛt̚/ |
Wang Li |
/t͡ɕʰĭɛiH/ |
/t͡ɕʰĭɛt̚/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛiH/ |
/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛt̚/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
chì |
che |
Expected Cantonese Reflex |
cai3 |
cit3 |
Close
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...
Zhengzhang system (2003) |
Character |
掣 |
掣 |
Reading # |
1/2 |
2/2 |
No. |
17380 |
17383 |
Phonetic component |
制 |
制 |
Rime group |
祭 |
月 |
Rime subdivision |
2 |
2 |
Corresponding MC rime |
掣 |
掣 |
Old Chinese |
/*kʰjeds/ |
/*kʰjed/ |
Close
Note: cit3 - literary, rare.
Note: cet2 - literary, rare.
Note:
- chhoah - vernacular (“to pull; to shiver; to be afraid”);
- chhiat - literary.
Note:
- tiag4 - Shantou;
- tiêg4 - Chaozhou;
- zi3 - vernacular (俗).
Definitions
掣
- to pull; to tug; to drag
- to hinder by pulling back; to draw
- (literary) to flash past
- (Southern Min) to shiver; to shake
- (Southern Min) to be afraid; to be scared; to be frightened
- 掣咧等 [Hokkien] ― chhoah teh tán [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to wait frightenedly
Synonyms
- 交懍恂/交懔恂 (Hokkien)
- 呞呞顫/呞呞颤 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
- 哆嗦 (duōsuo)
- 圪觫 (geh5 sueh4) (Jin)
- 慄慄掣/栗栗掣 (Hokkien)
- 戰/战 (zhàn)
- 戰慄/战栗 (zhànlì) (literary)
- 戰抖/战抖 (zhàndǒu)
- 打抖 (da3 deu3) (Gan)
- 抖 (dǒu)
- 抖動/抖动 (dǒudòng)
- 抖抖絲/抖抖丝 (Longyan Min)
- 掉 (Hokkien, Teochew)
- 搦搦掣 (Hokkien)
- 發抖/发抖 (fādǒu)
- 蟯蟯掣/蛲蛲掣 (Hokkien)
- 起掉 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 顫/颤
- 顫動/颤动 (chàndòng)
- 顫抖/颤抖 (chàndǒu)
- 嚇/吓
- 害怕 (hàipà)
- 忌 (jì) (literary, or in compounds)
- 怕
- 怕懼/怕惧 (pàjù) (literary)
- 恐懼/恐惧 (kǒngjù)
- 懼怕/惧怕 (jùpà)
- 深怕 (shēnpà)
- 生怕 (shēngpà)
- 生畏 (shēngwèi) (literary)
- 畏怯 (wèiqiè)
- 畏懼/畏惧 (wèijù)
- 驚/惊 (dialectal)
More information Variety, Location ...
Variety
| Location
| Words |
Classical Chinese |
懼, 畏, 恐, 怯, 驚, 惶, 悚, 懾, 恇 |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) |
害怕, 懼怕, 畏懼 |
Northeastern Mandarin |
Beijing |
害怕, 怕 |
Taiwan |
害怕, 怕 |
Harbin |
害怕, 發毛 |
Malaysia |
怕 |
Singapore |
怕, 害怕 |
Jilu Mandarin |
Jinan |
害怕, 怕, 打怵 |
Jiaoliao Mandarin |
Yantai (Muping) |
害怕, 怵 |
Central Plains Mandarin |
Luoyang |
害怕, 怕 |
Wanrong |
驚 |
Xi'an |
害怕, 怕, 怯火 |
Xuzhou |
嫌怕, 打怵 |
Lanyin Mandarin |
Yinchuan |
害怕, 嚇 |
Lanzhou |
害怕, 怯, 怯乎, 怯豁 |
Ürümqi |
害怕 |
Southwestern Mandarin |
Chengdu |
害怕, 怕, 虛火, 虛 |
Wuhan |
嚇不過, 怕 |
Guiyang |
害怕, 怕 |
Kunming |
害怕 |
Guilin |
怕 |
Liuzhou |
慌 |
Jianghuai Mandarin |
Nanjing |
嚇怕, 怕 |
Yangzhou |
害怕, 怕, 怕懼, 懼乎 |
Hefei |
怕 |
Cantonese |
Guangzhou |
驚, 怕, 慌, 窒 |
Hong Kong |
驚, 怕, 慌 |
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) |
狂 |
Macau |
驚 |
Guangzhou (Panyu) |
驚 |
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) |
慌 |
Guangzhou (Conghua) |
驚 |
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) |
好怕 |
Foshan |
驚, 窒 |
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) |
慌, 怕 |
Foshan (Shunde) |
慌 |
Foshan (Sanshui) |
慌 |
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) |
慌 |
Zhongshan (Shiqi) |
驚 |
Zhongshan (Huancheng) |
驚 |
Zhongshan (Nanlang) |
驚 |
Zhongshan (Xiaolan) |
慌 |
Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan) |
慌 |
Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan) |
慌 |
Zhongshan (Henglan) |
慌 |
Zhongshan (Dongfeng) |
慌 |
Zhongshan (Nantou) |
慌 |
Zhongshan (Fusha) |
慌 |
Zhongshan (Shalang) |
慌 |
Zhongshan (Gangkou) |
慌 |
Zhongshan (Huangpu) |
慌, 驚 |
Zhongshan (Sanjiao) |
狂, 驚 |
Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong) |
慌, 驚 |
Zhongshan (Minzhong) |
慌, 驚 |
Zhongshan (Guzhen) |
𢗉 |
Zhongshan (Banfu) |
慌, 驚 |
Zhongshan (Tanzhou) |
慌, 驚 |
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) |
驚 |
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) |
驚 |
Zhuhai (Doumen) |
驚 |
Jiangmen (Baisha) |
驚 |
Jiangmen (Xinhui) |
驚 |
Taishan |
𢗉 |
Kaiping (Chikan) |
𢗉 |
Enping (Niujiang) |
𢗉 |
Heshan (Yayao) |
慌 |
Dongguan |
狂 |
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) |
驚 |
Shaoguan |
驚, 窒 |
Yunfu |
怕, 驚 |
Yangjiang |
𢗉 |
Xinyi |
狂 |
Lianjiang |
驚 |
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) |
驚, 怕 |
Singapore (Guangfu) |
驚, 怕 |
Gan |
Nanchang |
怕 |
Lichuan |
怕 |
Hakka |
Meixian |
驚, 怕畏, 畏, 怕 |
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) |
狂 |
Dongguan (Qingxi) |
狂 |
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) |
好狂 |
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) |
驚 |
Wuhua (Huacheng) |
怕, 驚, 畏 |
Heyuan (Bendihua) |
驚 |
Wengyuan |
驚 |
Liannan |
驚 |
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) |
狂 |
Jiexi |
驚 |
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) |
驚 |
Changting |
怕 |
Wuping |
怕 |
Wuping (Yanqian) |
怕 |
Liancheng |
嚇 |
Ninghua |
怕 |
Ningdu |
怕 |
Tonggu (Sandu) |
怕 |
Ganzhou (Panlong) |
怕 |
Dayu |
怕 |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) |
驚 |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) |
驚 |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) |
驚 |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) |
驚 |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) |
驚 |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) |
驚 |
Hong Kong |
狂, 驚 |
Mengshan (Xihe) |
怕 |
Luchuan |
狂 |
Sabah (Longchuan) |
狂 |
Senai (Huiyang) |
狂 |
Singkawang |
驚 |
Huizhou |
Jixi |
怕, 嚇 |
Jin |
Taiyuan |
害怕, 怕 |
Xinzhou |
著怕, 怕 |
Northern Min |
Jian'ou |
驚, 怕, 怯, 畏 |
Jian'ou (Dikou) |
驚 |
Songxi |
驚 |
Zhenghe |
驚 |
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) |
驚 |
Jianyang |
驚 |
Jianyang (Huangkeng) |
畏 |
Wuyishan |
嚇 |
Pucheng (Shibei) |
嚇 |
Eastern Min |
Fuzhou |
驚 |
Fuzhou (Changle) |
驚 |
Lianjiang |
驚 |
Fuqing |
驚 |
Pingtan |
驚 |
Yongtai |
驚 |
Minqing |
驚 |
Gutian |
驚 |
Pingnan |
驚 |
Luoyuan |
驚 |
Fu'an |
驚 |
Ningde |
驚 |
Xiapu |
驚 |
Zherong |
驚 |
Shouning |
驚 |
Zhouning |
驚 |
Fuding |
驚 |
Singapore (Fuqing) |
驚 |
Southern Min |
Xiamen |
驚, 著驚, 驚惶, 懾, 懾屎, 會攝, 掣 |
Xiamen (Tong'an) |
驚 |
Quanzhou |
驚, 著驚, 懾, 懾屎, 會攝, 掣 |
Jinjiang |
驚 |
Nan'an |
驚 |
Shishi |
驚 |
Hui'an |
驚 |
Anxi |
驚 |
Yongchun |
驚 |
Dehua |
驚 |
Zhangzhou |
驚, 著驚, 驚惶, 懾, 會攝, 掣 |
Zhangzhou (Longhai) |
驚 |
Zhangzhou (Changtai) |
驚 |
Hua'an |
驚 |
Nanjing |
驚 |
Pinghe |
驚 |
Zhangpu |
驚 |
Yunxiao |
驚 |
Zhao'an |
驚 |
Dongshan |
驚 |
Kaohsiung |
驚 |
Yilan |
驚 |
Changhua (Lukang) |
驚 |
Taichung |
驚 |
Taichung (Wuqi) |
驚惶 |
Tainan |
驚 |
Taitung |
驚 |
Hsinchu |
驚 |
Kinmen |
驚 |
Penghu (Magong) |
驚 |
Penang (Hokkien) |
驚 |
Singapore (Hokkien) |
驚 |
Manila (Hokkien) |
驚 |
Longyan |
嚇 |
Zhangping |
驚 |
Datian |
驚 |
Chaozhou |
驚, 畏 |
Raoping |
驚 |
Shantou |
驚 |
Jieyang |
驚, 畏 |
Haifeng |
驚 |
Johor Bahru (Teochew) |
驚 |
Singapore (Teochew) |
驚 |
Leizhou |
驚 |
Wenchang |
驚 |
Haikou |
驚 |
Qionghai |
驚 |
Singapore (Hainanese) |
驚 |
Puxian Min |
Putian |
驚 |
Xianyou |
驚 |
Central Min |
Yong'an |
驚 |
Sanming (Sanyuan) |
驚 |
Sanming (Shaxian) |
驚 |
Zhongshan Min |
Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) |
驚 |
Southern Pinghua |
Nanning (Tingzi) |
狂, 怕 |
Wu |
Shanghai |
怕, 嚇 |
Shanghai (Chongming) |
嚇 |
Suzhou |
怕, 嚇 |
Danyang |
怕 |
Hangzhou |
怕, 嚇, 慌, 怕慌, 發毛 |
Ningbo |
怕, 嚇 |
Wenzhou |
怕, 嚇 |
Jinhua |
光 |
Xiang |
Changsha |
怕, 畏怯 |
Loudi |
怕 |
Shuangfeng |
怕 |
Close
Dialectal synonyms of
害怕 (“to fear; to be afraid of”)
[map]
Compounds
- 咇咇掣
- 回頭掣腦/回头掣脑
- 慄慄掣/栗栗掣
- 掣一趒
- 掣光
- 掣刀 (chèdāo)
- 掣後腿/掣后腿
- 掣慶/掣庆
- 掣曳
- 掣流
- 掣籤/掣签 (chèqiān)
- 掣肘 (chèzhǒu)
- 掣脫/掣脱
- 掣襟肘見/掣襟肘见
- 掣襟露肘
- 掣電/掣电
- 掣驗/掣验
- 星飛電掣/星飞电掣
- 氣掣掣/气掣掣
- 牽掣/牵掣 (qiānchè)
- 輪掣/轮掣
- 轟雷掣電/轰雷掣电
- 電掣/电掣 (diànchè)
- 電掣星馳/电掣星驰
- 電掣風馳/电掣风驰
- 雷轟電掣/雷轰电掣
- 風掣雷行/风掣雷行
- 風馳電掣/风驰电掣 (fēngchídiànchè)
- 飛雲掣電/飞云掣电
Etymology 2
More information simp. and trad., alternative forms ...
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Compounds
- 交叉掣 (kaau1 caa1 zai3) (Cantonese)
- 光暗掣 (Cantonese)
- 大掣 (Cantonese)
- 大細聲掣/大细声掣 (Cantonese)
- 手掣 (sau2 zai3) (Cantonese)
- 拉掣 (Cantonese)
- 掹掣 (mang1 zai3) (Cantonese)
- 推掣 (Cantonese)
- 掣面 (Cantonese)
- 插掣 (caap3 zai3) (Cantonese)
- 撳掣/揿掣 (gam6 zai3) (Cantonese)
- 擰掣/拧掣 (Cantonese)
- 水氣掣/水气掣 (Cantonese)
- 煞掣 (saat3 zai3) (Cantonese)
- 煞車掣/煞车掣 (Cantonese)
- 熄掣 (sik1 zai3) (Cantonese)
- 燈掣/灯掣 (dang1 zai3) (Cantonese)
- 總掣/总掣 (zung2 zai3) (Cantonese)
- 腳掣/脚掣 (goek3 zai3) (Cantonese)
- 跳掣 (tiu3 zai3) (Cantonese)
- 門掣/门掣 (Cantonese)
- 開關掣/开关掣 (hoi1 gwaan1 zai3) (Cantonese)
- 電掣/电掣 (din6 zai3) (Cantonese)
Hanja
掣 • (che, cheol) (hangeul 체, 철)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Han character
掣: Hán Nôm readings: xiết, xế, xía, siết
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.