Praseodymium

Praseodymium (pípè /ˌpreɪzi.ɵˈdɪmiəm/ PRAY-zee-o-DIM-ee-əm tabi /ˌpreɪsi.ɵˈdɪmiəm/ PRAY-see-o-DIM-ee-əm) je apilese kemika to ni ami-idamo Pr ati nomba atomu 59.

Praseodymium, ₅₉Pr

Praseodymium
Pípè	/ˌpreɪziːəˈdɪmiəm/[1] ​(PRAY-zee-ə-DIM-ee-əm)
Ìhànsójú	grayish white
Ìwúwo átọ̀mù Ar, std(Pr)	140.90766(1)[2]
Praseodymium ní orí tábìlì àyè
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson - ↑ Pr ↓ Pa cerium ← praseodymium → neodymium
Nọ́mbà átọ̀mù (Z)	59
Ẹgbẹ́	group n/a
Àyè	àyè 6
Àdìpọ̀	Àdìpọ̀-f
Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ́ntì	Lanthanide
Ìtò ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù	[Xe] 4f3 6s2
Iye ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù lórí ìpele kọ̀ọ̀kan	2, 8, 18, 21, 8, 2
Àwọn ohun ìní ara
Ìfarahàn at STP	solid
Ìgbà ìyọ́	1208 K ​(935 °C, ​1715 °F)
Ígbà ìhó	3793 K ​(3520 °C, ​6368 °F)
Kíki (near r.t.)	6.77 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	6.50 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	6.89 kJ/mol
Heat of	331 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	27.20 J/(mol·K)
pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1771 1973 (2227) (2571) (3054) (3779)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	0,[3] +1,[4] +2, +3, +4, +5 Àdàkọ:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.13
Atomic radius	empirical: 182 pm
Covalent radius	203±7 pm
Color lines in a spectral range Spectral lines of praseodymium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	​hexagonal
Speed of sound thin rod	2280 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	(r.t.) (α, poly) 6.7 µm/(m·K)
Thermal conductivity	12.5 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	(r.t.) (α, poly) 0.700 µ Ω·m
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic [5]
Young's modulus	(α form) 37.3 GPa
Shear modulus	(α form) 14.8 GPa
Bulk modulus	(α form) 28.8 GPa
Poisson ratio	(α form) 0.281
Vickers hardness	400 MPa
Brinell hardness	481 MPa
CAS Number	7440-10-0
Main isotopes of praseodymium
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct 141Pr 100% 141Pr is stable with 82 neutrons 142Pr syn 19.12 h β− 2.162 142Nd ε 0.745 142Ce 143Pr syn 13.57 d β− 0.934 143Nd
Àdàkọ:Category-inline wo ọ̀rọ̀ àtúnṣe | references

Itokasi

1. Àdàkọ:OED
2. Meija, Juris; Coplen, Tyler B.; Berglund, Michael; Brand, Willi A.; De Bièvre, Paul; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Irrgeher, Johanna et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
3. Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017.
4. Chen, Xin (2019-12-13). "Lanthanides with Unusually Low Oxidation States in the PrB^3– and PrB^4– Boride Clusters". Inorganic Chemistry 58 (1): 411–418. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02572. PMID 30543295.
5. M. Jackson "Magnetism of Rare Earth" The IRM quarterly col. 10, No. 3, p. 1, 2000