jiha ce a Najeriya From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jihar Delta Jiha ce dake kudu maso kudancin Najeriya. Jihar ta samo sunanta ne daga yankin Niger Delta[1] - wacce mafi akasarinta ke cikin jihar. An kirkiri jihar ne daga yankin tsohuwar Jihar Bendel a ranar ashirin da bakwai 27 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da cassa'in da daya 1991. Jihar Delta ta hada iyaka da Jihar Edo daga arewa, daga gabas kuma da jihohin Anambra da Rivers, sannan daga kudu kuma da Jihar Bayelsa, sannan daga yamma kuma da yankin Bright of Benin,[2] wacce ta mamaye a kalla kilomita dari da sittin 160 na yankin ruwayen garin. An kirkiri jihar ne daga farko da kananan hukumomi Sha biyar 15 a shekarar 1991 sai daga baya aka kara ta koma sha tara 19 sannan daga bisani kuma zuwa kananan hukumomi ashirin da biyar. Babban birnin Jihar itace Asaba wacce ke yankin Kogin Neje daga karshen arewa maso Gabashin jihar, a yayin da Warri ke taka rawa a matsayi cibiyar kasuwancin daga kudu maso yammacin gabar ruwan jihar.
Acikin jihohi talatin da shida 36 da ke a kasar Najeriya, Jihar Delta ita ce ta ashirin da uku a fadin kasa kuma ita ce ta sha biyu 12 a yawan jama'a da mutane kimanin miliyan biyar da dugo shida 5.6 a bisa kiyasin kidayar shekara ta dubu biyu da sha shida 2016.[3] Jihar, ta fuskar yanayin kasa ta kasu zuwa Mangrove na Afirka ta tsakiya daga yankin ruwa na kudu maso yamma da kuma dajika masu kwari irin na Najeriya wacce ta mamaye daukacin jihar da kuma dazuka masu fadama daga kuryar Kudancin jihar. Wani muhimmi al'amari a jihar sune gabar Kogin Neja da rassan sa da kuma Sauran ruwayen kaman Kogin Forçados wanda ke gudana daga yammaci da gabashin iyakokin Jihar Delta kuma ya fada Kogin Neja, da kuma Kogin Escravos wacce ke kwarara ta Warri sa'annan kuma yawancin yankunan ruwayen garin na dauke ne da dimbin dananan rafuka wadanda suka samar da akasarin yammacin Niger Delta. Mafi akasarin dabbobi da ake samu a yankin sun hada da; kadoji, tsuntsaye Parrot, nauyin kerkeci na African fish eagle, da birai na Mona, da kuma damisan Afirka, da kuma nau'in biran chimpanzee na Najeriya da Kamaru.[4][5]
Logon jihar Delta
Jihar Delta ta yau ta kunshi kabilu da dama na tsawon lokaci wanda suka hada da kabilar Isoko da Harshen Eruwa wanda suka mamaye yankunan tsakiyar jihar; kabilar Ukwuani daga gabas; yayinda kabilar Ika, Olukumi da kuma Ozanogogo suka mamaye arewa maso Gabashin jihar; Anioma daga arewa maso yamma; kabilu Ijaw, Itsekiri, Urhobo, da Uvwie daga yankin arewa maso yamma. Kafin zuwan Turawan mulkin mallaka, yankin Jihar Delta ta yau ta kasu zuwa masarautu masu mulkin kansu kamar su MasaraWarri da Masarautar Agbon kafin su zamo yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Oil River Protectorate a shekara ta dubu daya
da dari takwas da tamanin da hudu 1884. A shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara 1900, Turawa sun hade yankin (wato Niger Coast Protectorate) da yankin Mulkin Mallakan Turawa na Kudu wacce daga bisani ta zamo Najeriya ta Burtaniya. Duk da haka, Turawan mulkin mallaka basu gama samun cikakken iko akan yankin ba sai a shekarar 1910 a dalilin rikice-rikicen Ekumeku Movement. Kamar yadda aka sani, acikin Jihar Delta akwai yankunan da ke karkashin ikon kasar Faransa wanda turawan Burtaniya suka sake wa Faransa Yankunan Forcados da Badjibo a tasakanin shekara ta 1903 zuwa shekara ta 1930.
Bayan samun 'yancin kai, yankin Jihar Delta ta yau na daga cikin yankin Jihar Yammacin Najeriya bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1963, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya ta Najeriya. Haka zalika a shekarar 1967 ne yankin Inyamurai watau tsohuwar Yankin Gabashin Najeriya ta suka so kafa sabuwar kasar Biyafara kuma suka kaiwa Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya hari tare da nufin kame Jihar Lagos kuma su kawo karshen Yakin amma an hanasu kuma an kora su na dan lokaci amma daga baya suka kame yankin (harda Jihar Delta ta yau) suka rada mata suna Tarayyar Benin. Acikin wannan hali, anyi kazamin barna a tsakanin sojojin Biyafara da kuma mutane mazauna yankin Jihar Delta ta yau, tare da kisan gilla da 'yan Bifara ke yiwa 'yan ainihin kabilun Hausa, Urhobo da kuma Kabilar Ijaw; haka zalika, sojojin Najeriya a yayin amsar jihar sun gudanar da Kisan kiyashin Asaba ga mutanen asalin yaren Igbo. Yakin ya kawo karshe kuma an mayar da Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya cikin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka sauya mata suna zuwa Jihar Bendel. A shekarar 1991, an raba Jihar Bendel, arewacinta ta zamo Jihar Edo, yayinda kudancinta ta zamo Jihar Delta.[6]
Tattalin arzikin jihar[7] sun ta'allaka ne akan samar da man fetur da gas, a matsayin daya daga cikin muhimman jihohin dake samar da man fetur a Nejeriya.[8] Kadan daga cikin muhimman masana'antun sun hada da noma yayin da jihar ke samar da isashhen manja, doya da rogo dangane da kamun/kiwon kifi da samar da fure. Dangane da albarkacin man fetur, jihar ita ce ta hudu acikin Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a a kasar; duk da haka, rikice-rikice tsakanin kamfanonin mai da kuma mutanen garin sun kawo cikas dangane da cin hanci da rashawa wanda suka janyo rashin ci gaba musamman a yankunan da ake hako man.[9][10]
Yanayin kasa Delta
Jihar na da fadin fili na kimanin 18,050 km2 (6,970 sq mi) wanda fiye da kashi 60% doron kasa ne. Jihar na nan a lambobin wuri a kalla 5°00' da 6°45' E da kuma 5°00'da 6°30' N.[11] Tana nan a Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiyan Najeriya kuma ta hada iyaka da Jihar Edo daga arewa, daga gabas kuma da jihohin Anambra da Rivers, sannan daga kudu kuma da Jihar Bayelsa, sannan daga yamma kuma da yankin Bright of Benin wanda ya mamaye kilomitoci 160km na yankin ruwan jihar. Jihar Delta na kan kwari ne ba tare da tudu ko guda ba. Akwai yankunan ruwa da dama a jihar wadanda suke hade da koramu wanda suka samar da yankin Kogin Niger Delta.[12]
An kirkiri Jihar Delta ne daga tsohuwar Jihar Bendel a ranar 27 ga watan Augustan shekara ta 1991.[13] An samar da jihar ne a sanadiyyar riritawa don samar da jiha ta daban da mutanen ainihi na Gundumar Delta suka yi.[14] Haka zalika akwai bukata ta sabuwar jihar mai suna "Jihar Anioma" wanda ta hada da yankunan Asaba da Agbor na yankin tsohuwar Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya.[15] Shugaban kasa soja na lokacin Gen. Ibrahim Babangida ya zaba Jihar Delta tare da Asaba wata shahararriyar birnin a yankin arewa maso yammacin Niger a matsayin babban birnin jihar. Jihar Delta ta kasance a da daga cikin Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya daga shekarar ta 1963 zuwa ta 1976, daga bisani kum Jihar Bendel a tsakanin shekara ta 1976 zuwa shekaran ta 1991. Sunan "Bendel" ta samo asali daga tsaffin gundomomin Benin da Delta na Yankin Yammacin Delta don nuna muhimmancin gundumomin guda biyu (Benin da Delta).[16]
Kabilar Urhobo-Isoko na da mafi rinjayen mutane kuma a yanzu akwai mutum akalla miliyan 2.6 a jihar.[18] Gungun yaruka na Iboid na jihar sun hada da Mutanen Anioma (mutanen gari mai kyau).[19] kabilar Itsekiri na amfani da yare mai kama da yarbanci amma yana da alaka da al'adun kabilar Edo na Jihar Edo, hadi da yarukan Urhobo da Ijaw. Kabilar Ijaw mutane ne masu alaka da makwabtansu na Jihar Bayelsa,[20] yayinda yaren Olukumi suka fara bacewa ta fuskar al'ada da yare,[21] a dalilin cudanya da wasu harsunan.
An zabi Arthur Okowa Ifeanyi, dan takara a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Delta a cikin watan Afrilun 2015.[22] Mataimakinsa shi ne Kingsley Otuaro.[23] Jihar na da mazabu uku (Arewa, Kudu da Tsakiya). Sanatocin da aka zaba a zaben shekara ta 2011 zuwa shekara ta 2013 sune James Manager, Arthur Okowa Ifeanyi da kuma Emmanuel Aguariavwodo wanda ya maye gurbin Pius Ewherido wanda ya rasu a shekara ta 2013 a Asibitin Tarayya dake Abuja.[24] An zabi Chief Ighoyeta Amori a zaben shekara ta 2015, amma an soke nasa zaben kuma an rantsar da Sanata Ovie Omo-Agege a matsayin sanata mai wakiltar Delta ta Tsakiya.[25][25]James Manager ya koma kujerarsa kuma an zabi Peter Nwaoboshi a matsayin sanata mai wakiltar Arewacin jihar.
Majalissar dokokin jihar Delta
Gwamnatocin gaba da na baya
Ifeanyi Okowa - a ranar 29 ga watan Mayu shekaran ta 2015 har zuwa yau PDP[26]
Emmanuel Uduaghan -a ranar 29 ga watan Mayun shekara ta 2007 zuwa 29 ga watan Mayun 2015 (PDP)[27]
James Ibori - a ranar 29 Mayun 1999 zuwa 29 ga watan Mayun 2007 (PDP)[28]
Walter Feghabo - a ranar 12 ga watan Augustan 1998 zuwa 29 ga watan Mayun 1999 (mulkin soja)
Ibrahim Kefas - a ranar 26 ga watan Satumba 1994 zuwa 22 ga watan Agustan 1996 (mulkin soja)[29]
Bassey Asuquo - a ranar 10 ga watan Disamba 1993 zuwa 26 Satumban 1994 (mulkin soja)[30]
Abdulkadir Shehu - 17 November 1993 - 10 December 1993 (mulkin sojay)[31]
Luke Chijiuba Ochulor - 28 August 1991 - January 1992 (mulkin soja)[32]
Felix Ibru - January 1992 - November 1993 (SDP)[33]
logo na jihar Delta
Jihar Delta tana da adadin Kananan hukumomi guda ashirin da biyar (25), an kawo su a jere a jadawalin dake kasa tare da kasafin kidayar shekara ta 2006:
Ƙarin bayanai Shiyar Sanata na Tsakiyar Jihar Delta, 1,575,738 ...
Akwai ma'adanai iri-iri a jihar kamar su: industrial clay, silica, lignite, kaolin, tar sand, duwatsu na ado, limestone da dai sauransu.[35] Ana amfani da wadannan ma'adanai a ma'aikatu wajen hada ceramic, kwalba, gilasai, alli, wayoyi, da makamantansu.[36]
Har ila yau, akwai tarin arzikin man fetur a Jihar Delta, kuma tana daya daga cikin muhimman garuruwan da ke samar da kayan da ake hadawa daga man fetur a Najeriya. Tattalin arzikin jihar sun ta'allaka ne matuka a wajen cinikin man fetur.
Makarantun gaba da sakandare na jihar sun hada da:[37]
Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun[38]
Admiralty University of Nigeria at Ibusa and Sapele[61]
A Jihar Delta, akwai wuraren tarihi, al'adu da zamantakewa na siyasa, wuraren bude idanun da ke jan hankalin 'yan kallo daga ko'ina a fadin duniya.Wasu daga cikin wadannan wurare sun hada da:[25]
Fadar Nana (The Nana's Palace) wanda Chief Nana Olomu na Ebrohim ya gina. Ya shahara a karni na 19, kuma dan kasuwa ne na garin da yayi hulda da turawa. Daga baya huldar ta baci. An mamaye daga baya (ba tare da anyi fada ba) sai suka koma kasar Ghana. Abubuwan da ya bari sun hada da katafaren fadar sa dake gidansa.[Ana bukatan hujja]
Rafin Ethiope iwanda ake ikirarin cewa shine ruwa mafi zurfi acikin garuruwan Afurka (zurfi 176km). Mabubbugar ruwan na kusa da wani katafaren bishiya silikin auduga dake Umuaja a karamar hukumar Ukwuani sannan tana kwararar ta kananan hukumomin jihar source is at the foot of a giant silk-cotton tree at Umuaja in Ukuami sannan su kwarara zuwa Sauran yan kananan hukumomin jihar. Wurin bauta ne na addinin gargajiya na Olokun sannan kuma wurin bautar na mabiya addinin Agbe.[62]
Yankin Bible na Araya wanda ke dauke da kwafi na Littafin mai tsarki na Bible. An yarda da cewa Littafin Bible ya sauka a wannan yankin cikin al'ajabi daga sama a cikin watan Augusta, 1914. Littafin na bible ya sauko ne acikin wani jikakken doya daga ruwan sama amma bai jike ba. Yankin na janyo dubunnan mabiya addinin kirista duk shekara.[63]
Demas Nwoko Edifice wanda aka gina da kayan aiki na gargajiya, tsari da salon gini na cigaban mutanen Igbo wanda Demas Nwoko wani mai zane, ma gini kuma mai fasaha na duniya daga garin Idumuje-Ugboko, a karamar hukumar Aniocha ta Arewa, Jihar Delta.[64]
Gidan shakatawa na "Mungo Park House" wanda a yanzu Gidan Tarihi ne na Kasa, a Asaba. Royal Niger Company suka gina gidan a shekara ta 1886 kuma turawa sunyi amfani dashi a matsayin hedikwatan, gidan sojojin, hedikwatan gidan Gwamnatin turawa, gindin RNC, da kuma mazauni Gundumar Birni a lokuta daban daban.[65]
Gabar tekun Ogulagha Beach
Gadar Niger Bridge wacce ta hade Jihar Delta (daga yammacin Najeriya) zuwa yankin Gabashin Najeriya. Wuri ne mai kyawun gani wacce aka kammala a shekara ta1995 akan kudi ki manin miliyan £5. An lalata ta a lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya, amma daga bisani an gyara ta.[66]
Lander Brothers Anchorage, Asaba wanda aka gina don tunawa da Turawan Birtaniya da suka fara ziyartar Najeriya. Babban gindin na dauke da gidan tarihi, makabarta, da zane da rubuce-rubuce da dama. Akwai irin jirgin 'Yan uwan suka yi amfani dashi. [Ana bukatan hujja]
Falcorp Mangrove Park
Makabartar ta Musamman na Masarautar Warri makabarta ce da ta kai kimanin shekaru 512 kuma tana matsayin makwancin sarakunan Masarautar Warri. Akwai shuka da aka gina a kowanne kabari.[67]
Francis Agoda aka I Go Dye, shahararren dan wasan barkwanci na yankin Afurka kuma Jakadan United Nations' Millennium Development Goals[68]
Emmanuel Ibe Kachikwu, tsoho Minista na Jiha, kan Albarkatun Manfetur na Najeriya[91]
Stephen Keshi, tsohon ma tsaron baya, tsohon coach na super eagles[92]
Festus Keyamo, Lauyan Najeriya kuma[93] member na ƙungiyar Senior Advocate of Nigeria SAN
Lynxxx, mawaki, dan kasuwa kuma jakada kamfanin Pepsi na farko a Najeriya[94]
Rosaline Meurer, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya haihifaffiyar Kasar Gambiya[95]
Richard Mofe-Damijo, ƙwararrun dan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya, marubuci, furodusa, lauya kuma tsohon kwamishinan al'adu da bude idanu na Jihar Delta.[96]
Collins Nweke, mutum na farko da ba Haifaffun Kasar Belgium ba daka fara zaba a ofishin siyasa a yankin West Flanders na Belgium[97]
Okocha, tsohon kyaftin na kungiyar Super Eagles[105]
Blessing Okagbare, dan wasa, wanda ya lashe kyauta a gasar Olympic da World Athletics Championships a dogon tsalle, kuma wanda ya lashe kyauta ta duniya a gasar 200 metres[106]
Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, masanin tattalin arziki, kuma ƙwararren masanin cigaba na kasa da kasa, na kamfanin Boards of Standard Chartered Bank, Twitter, Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization, da kuma African Risk Capacity[107]
Chris Okotie, Nigerian mawaki, televangelist, dan siyasa[108]
Ben Okri, writer, Nigerian mahikayanci kuma mai rubuta littattafan novel[109]
Dominic Oneya, Brigadier General mai Rita ya na Sojojin Najeriya, tsohon chairman na ƙungiyar Nigeria Football Association[113]
Bruce Onobrakpeya, wanda ya lashe lambar yabo na 2006 UNESCO Living Human Treasure Award, amintacce a Jami'ar Western Niger Delta University[Ana bukatan hujja]
Gamaliel Onosode, technocrat dan Najeriya, dan siyasa kuma tsohon dan takarar shugabancin Kasar Najeriya[114]
Zulu Sofola, marubuciya ta farko da aka fara wallafa littafin ta a Najeriya kuma 'yar wasan drama, farfesan mace ta farko a fannin tsara wasannin a nahiyar Afurka[125]
Ojo Taiye, mawakin fasahan Najeriya, wanda ya lashe kyauta a gasar Wild 2019 Annual Poetry Prize[126]
Tompolo, tsohon kwamadan sojojin Najeriya
Abel Ubeku, Managing Director Bakin fata na farko a kamfanin Guinness Nigeria Plc[127]
Patrick Utomi, farfesan Najeriya akan political economy and management expert, Fellow of the Institute of Management Consultants of Nigeria kuma tsohon dan takarar shugabancin Najeriya[128]
Senator James Manager Ebiowou, Dan siyasan Najeriya a mata in Sanata
Rachael Oniga, 'Yar wasan kwaikwayon Najeriya
Jeremiah Omoto Fufeyin, wanda ya kirkiri kuma malamai a Christ Mercyland Deliverance Ministry (CMDM), Warri, Jihar Delta, Najeriya.[129]
Ayiri Emami, dan kasuwa, dan siyasa, mai taimako al'umma.
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