肚
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 𬚯
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Han character
肚 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 月土 (BG), four-corner 74210, composition ⿰月土(GJK) or ⿰⺼土(HT))
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 974, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29270
- Dae Jaweon: page 1425, character 28
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2044, character 8
- Unihan data for U+809A
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔl'aːʔ, *l'aːʔ) : semantic ⺼ + phonetic 土 (OC *l̥ʰaːʔ, *l'aːʔ).
Etymology
A post-classical word. Compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l-tjwa (“mouth; beak; food; stomach”), whence Tibetan ལྟོ་བ (lto ba, “stomach; belly”) (STEDT). Compare also Proto-Tai *dwuːŋꟲ (“belly”) (whence Thai ท้อง (tɔ́ɔng)) and Proto-Kam-Sui *luŋ² (“stomach”), as Middle Chinese shangsheng corresponds to foreign -ŋ in some words (Schuessler, 2007).
Some dialects have different pronunciations for the two senses, "abdomen; belly (of a human)" and "stomach (of an animal)", derived from two different readings in Middle Chinese that differed in the voicing of the initial consonant.
- In Mandarin, the pronunciation for the former sense derives from the 徒古切 reading in Middle Chinese (i.e. the reading with voiced initial /d/) and the pronunciation for the latter sense derives from the 當古切 (i.e. the reading with voiceless initial /t/) reading.
- In Min Nan, the pronunciation for the former sense derives from the 當古切 reading and the pronunciation for latter sense derives from the 徒古切 reading.
- Cantonese uses the same pronunciation for both senses, derived from the 徒古切 reading.
- Hakka also uses the same pronunciation for both senses, but it is instead derived from the 當古切 reading.
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): bŭ
- Eastern Min (BUC): dô
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6du / 5tu / 6dou / 3tou
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dù
- Wade–Giles: tu4
- Yale: dù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duh
- Palladius: ду (du)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: tou5
- Yale: tóuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: tou5
- Guangdong Romanization: tou5
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰou̯¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: u2
- Sinological IPA (key): /u⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tú
- Hakka Romanization System: duˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: du3
- Sinological IPA: /tu³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bŭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /pu²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dô
- Sinological IPA (key): /tou²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tǒ͘
- Tâi-lô: tǒo
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tō͘
- Tâi-lô: tōo
- Phofsit Daibuun: do
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tɔ²²/
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tɔ³³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: dou6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tŏu
- Sinological IPA (key): /tou³⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Wu
Note: t(o)u - only in reference to edible animal stomachs.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: duX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-tˤaʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*l'aːʔ/
Definitions
肚
- belly; abdomen; bowels
- 肚子 ― dùzǐ ― abdomen; belly
- bulge; protrusion
- (Southern Min, Eastern Min) tripe; animal stomach (as food)
- heart; mind
Synonyms
Compounds
- 一肚子 (yīdùzi)
- 一肚皮
- 下肚 (xiàdù)
- 儉腸凹肚 / 俭肠凹肚 (khiām-tn̂g-neh-tō͘) (Min Nan)
- 兜肚兒 / 兜肚儿
- 割肚牽腸 / 割肚牵肠
- 大肚 (dàdù)
- 大肚子 (dàdùzi)
- 大肚溪
- 大肚漢 / 大肚汉
- 大肚魚 / 大肚鱼
- 害肚子
- 小肚子兒 / 小肚子儿
- 小肚雞腸 / 小肚鸡肠 (xiǎodùjīcháng)
- 帶肚子 / 带肚子
- 心知肚明 (xīnzhīdùmíng)
- 懸腸掛肚 / 悬肠挂肚
- 抱肚
- 拉肚子 (lā dùzi)
- 指頭肚兒 / 指头肚儿
- 挺胸凸肚
- 挺胸疊肚 / 挺胸叠肚
- 掛肚牽心 / 挂肚牵心
- 掛肚牽腸 / 挂肚牵肠
- 摳心挖肚 / 抠心挖肚
- 撐腸拄肚 / 撑肠拄肚
- 攪肚蛆腸 / 搅肚蛆肠
- 曲心矯肚 / 曲心矫肚
- 有肚皮
- 有肚腸 / 有肚肠
- 沒肚子 / 没肚子
- 沒腸肚 / 没肠肚
- 滾肚 / 滚肚
- 滿肚子火 / 满肚子火 (mǎndùzihuǒ)
- 滿肚牢騷 / 满肚牢骚
- 滿肚皮 / 满肚皮
- 滾肚索 / 滚肚索
- 瀉肚 / 泻肚 (xièdù)
- 牽肚掛腸 / 牵肚挂肠
- 牽腸割肚 / 牵肠割肚
- 牽腸掛肚 / 牵肠挂肚
- 直肚直腸 / 直肚直肠
- 直腸直肚 / 直肠直肚 (zhíchángzhídù)
- 眼饞肚飽 / 眼馋肚饱
- 空肚兒 / 空肚儿
- 肚兒 / 肚儿 (dǔr)
- 肚兜 (dùdōu)
- 肚包
- 肚囊兒 / 肚囊儿
- 肚子疼 (dùzi téng)
- 肚子痛 (dùzi tòng)
- 肚皮 (dùpí)
- 肚皮裡 / 肚皮里
- 肚䏙 (tou5 dam1) (Cantonese)
- 肚胿仔 (tō͘-koai-á) (Min Nan)
- 肚腩 (dùnǎn)
- 肚腸 / 肚肠
- 肚臍 / 肚脐 (dùqí)
- 肚臍眼 / 肚脐眼 (dùqíyǎn)
- 肚裡 / 肚里 (dùlǐ)
- 肚裡一輪 / 肚里一轮
- 肚裡尋思 / 肚里寻思
- 肚裡明白 / 肚里明白
- 肚裡躊躇 / 肚里踌躇
- 肚裡雷鳴 / 肚里雷鸣
- 肚轉腸鳴 / 肚转肠鸣
- 肚量 (dùliàng)
- 肚飢 / 肚饥
- 腸肚 / 肠肚 (chángdù)
- 腹肚 (fùdù)
- 腿肚子 (tuǐdùzi)
- 袜肚
- 裹肚
- 跑肚 (pǎodù)
- 醫肚皮 / 医肚皮
- 鬧肚子 / 闹肚子 (nào dùzi)
- 魚肚白 / 鱼肚白 (yúdùbái)
- 鼠肚雞腸 / 鼠肚鸡肠
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): dū
- Eastern Min (BUC): dū
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tu
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄨˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dǔ
- Wade–Giles: tu3
- Yale: dǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duu
- Palladius: ду (du)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (肚兒 / 肚儿)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄨˇㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dǔr
- Wade–Giles: tu3-ʼrh
- Yale: dǔr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duul
- Palladius: дур (dur)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tuɻʷ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: tou5
- Yale: tóuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: tou5
- Guangdong Romanization: tou5
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰou̯¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: u2
- Sinological IPA (key): /u⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tú
- Hakka Romanization System: duˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: du3
- Sinological IPA: /tu³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dū
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dū
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: tuX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤaʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔl'aːʔ/
Definitions
肚
- (obsolete or Southern Min) belly; abdomen
- 腹肚 [Hokkien] ― pak-tó͘ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― abdomen; belly
- tripe; animal stomach (as food)
- 牛肚 ― niúdǔ ― tripe (cow stomach)
- (Southern Min) bulge; protrusion
- 跤後肚／跤后肚 [Hokkien] ― kha-āu-tó͘ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― calf of the leg
Compounds
References
- “肚”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Kanji
肚
Readings
Compounds
- 肚脱 (zudatsu)
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 肚 (MC duX|tuX).
Affix
Derived terms
Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 肚 – see the following entry: 腹 |
(The following entry is uncreated: 腹.)
Hanja
肚 • (du) (hangeul 두, revised du, McCune–Reischauer tu, Yale twu)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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