luma

See also: Luma, luma', and lu²ma¹

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

luma

Wikipedia

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈluma/
• Hyphenation: lu‧ma

Etymology 1

From Armenian լումա (luma). Doublet of nummus.

Noun

luma (plural lumas or luma)

1. (numismatics) A currency unit of Armenia, worth one hundredth of an Armenian dram.

Translations

currency

Armenian: լումա (hy) (luma) Finnish: luma (fi) Russian: лума (ru) (luma)

Etymology 2

luminance

Noun

luma (uncountable)

1. The brightness in an image, as opposed to the saturation or chroma.

Anagrams

• Mula, malu, Lamu, mula, Ulam, alum, maul

Bariai

Noun

luma

1. house

References

• Steve Gallagher, Peirce Baehr, Bariai Grammar Sketch (2005)

Basque

Etymology

Eventually from Latin pluma

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): /luma/, [lu.ma]

Noun

luma inan

1. feather

   Synonym: hegats

Declension

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	luma	luma	lumak
ergative	lumak	lumak	lumek
dative	lumari	lumari	lumei
genitive	lumaren	lumaren	lumen
comitative	lumarekin	lumarekin	lumekin
causative	lumarengatik	lumarengatik	lumengatik
benefactive	lumarentzat	lumarentzat	lumentzat
instrumental	lumaz	lumaz	lumez
inessive	lumatan	luman	lumetan
locative	lumatako	lumako	lumetako
allative	lumatara	lumara	lumetara
terminative	lumataraino	lumaraino	lumetaraino
directive	lumatarantz	lumarantz	lumetarantz
destinative	lumatarako	lumarako	lumetarako
ablative	lumatatik	lumatik	lumetatik
partitive	lumarik	—	—
prolative	lumatzat	—	—

Declension of luma (inanimate, ending in -a)

Further reading

• “luma”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
• “luma”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Bikol Central

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *lúmaq (“old, worn out”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlumaʔ/ [ˈl̪u.maʔ]
• Hyphenation: lu‧ma

Adjective

lumà (plural ruluma, intensified lumaon, plural intensified rulumaon, Basahan spelling ᜎᜓᜋ)

1. old

   Synonyms: daan, antigo

   Antonym: bago

Derived terms

• magluma
• paluma

 

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈluma/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: lu‧ma

Adjective

luma (accusative singular luman, plural lumaj, accusative plural lumajn)

1. light, bright

Antonyms

• malluma

Hawaiian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlu.ma/, [ˈlu.mə]

Verb

luma

1. (intransitive) to drown

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse luma (“to keep closely, hold tight”). Perhaps akin to Danish lomme (“pocket”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlʏːma/
• Rhymes: -ʏːma

Verb

luma (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative lumaði, supine lumað)

1. Used only in set phrases.

Conjugation

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að luma
supine (sagnbót)		lumað
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		lumandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég luma	við lumum	present (nútíð)	ég lumi	við lumum
	þú lumar	þið lumið		þú lumir	þið lumið
	hann, hún, það lumar	þeir, þær, þau luma		hann, hún, það lumi	þeir, þær, þau lumi
past (þátíð)	ég lumaði	við lumuðum	past (þátíð)	ég lumaði	við lumuðum
	þú lumaðir	þið lumuðuð		þú lumaðir	þið lumuðuð
	hann, hún, það lumaði	þeir, þær, þau lumuðu		hann, hún, það lumaði	þeir, þær, þau lumuðu
imperative (boðháttur)	luma (þú)	lumið (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	lumaðu	lumiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

luma — active voice (germynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að lumast
supine (sagnbót)		lumast
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		lumandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég lumast	við lumumst	present (nútíð)	ég lumist	við lumumst
	þú lumast	þið lumist		þú lumist	þið lumist
	hann, hún, það lumast	þeir, þær, þau lumast		hann, hún, það lumist	þeir, þær, þau lumist
past (þátíð)	ég lumaðist	við lumuðumst	past (þátíð)	ég lumaðist	við lumuðumst
	þú lumaðist	þið lumuðust		þú lumaðist	þið lumuðust
	hann, hún, það lumaðist	þeir, þær, þau lumuðust		hann, hún, það lumaðist	þeir, þær, þau lumuðust
imperative (boðháttur)	lumast (þú)	lumist (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	lumastu	lumisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

lumast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	lumaður	lumuð	lumað		lumaðir	lumaðar	lumuð
accusative (þolfall)	lumaðan	lumaða	lumað		lumaða	lumaðar	lumuð
dative (þágufall)	lumuðum	lumaðri	lumuðu		lumuðum	lumuðum	lumuðum
genitive (eignarfall)	lumaðs	lumaðrar	lumaðs		lumaðra	lumaðra	lumaðra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	lumaði	lumaða	lumaða		lumuðu	lumuðu	lumuðu
accusative (þolfall)	lumaða	lumuðu	lumaða		lumuðu	lumuðu	lumuðu
dative (þágufall)	lumaða	lumuðu	lumaða		lumuðu	lumuðu	lumuðu
genitive (eignarfall)	lumaða	lumuðu	lumaða		lumuðu	lumuðu	lumuðu

lumaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

Derived terms

• luma á (“to keep something secretly; to have something up one's sleeve”)

Kavalan

Pronoun

luma

1. (interrogative) why

Lala (South Africa)

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dʊ́ma.

Verb

-lúma

1. to bite

Latin

Etymology

Uncertain;^[1] proposed derivations include:

• From a root common to Latvian lustes (“cheat grass”), Swedish losta (“cheat grass”) and Ancient Greek λάχνη (lákhnē, “woolly hair”).
• From Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“bend, twist”). Cognates include Latin luctor (“I wrestle”), luxus (“dislocated”), Ancient Greek λύγος (lúgos, “twig, withe”) and Old Norse lok (“weed, unwanted plant”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈluː.ma/, [ˈɫ̪uːmä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈlu.ma/, [ˈluːmä]

Noun

lūma f (genitive lūmae); first declension

1. A thorn

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	lūma	lūmae
Genitive	lūmae	lūmārum
Dative	lūmae	lūmīs
Accusative	lūmam	lūmās
Ablative	lūmā	lūmīs
Vocative	lūma	lūmae

Derived terms

• lūmārius
• lūmectum

References

• “luma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• luma in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

1. Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938) “luma”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 831

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dʊ́ma.

Verb

-lúma

1. to bite

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Phuthi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dʊ́ma.

Verb

-lúma

1. to bite

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Slavomolisano

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian lombo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lûmḁ/

Noun

luma m

1. loin

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	luma	luma
genitive	luma	lum, lumi
dative	lumu	lumami, lumi
accusative	luma	luma
locative	lumu	luma
instrumental	lumom, lumam	lumami, lumi

    declension of luma (series-1b masc a-stem)

References

• Walter Breu and Giovanni Piccoli (2000), Dizionario croato molisano di Acquaviva Collecroce: Dizionario plurilingue della lingua slava della minoranza di provenienza dalmata di Acquaviva Collecroce in Provincia di Campobasso (Parte grammaticale)., pp. 393

Swazi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dʊ́ma.

Verb

-lúma

1. to bite

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Tagalog

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *lúmaq (“old, worn out”). Compare Malay lama.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈlumaʔ/ [ˈluː.mɐʔ]
• Rhymes: -umaʔ
• Syllabification: lu‧ma

Adjective

lumà (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜋ)

1. old (of objects)
2. worn; used; second-hand

   Synonyms: gamit, segunda-mano

3. out of date; old-fashioned; antiquated

   Synonym: lipas

4. remaining from the previous year (of harvested crops)

   Synonym: laon

Derived terms

• Lumang Tipan
• lumang tugtugin
• magluluma
• makaluma

 

See also

• matanda

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /luˈma/ [lʊˈma]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: lu‧ma

Adjective

lumá (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜋ)

1. reduced in volume or quantity (by pounding, chewing, grinding, etc.)

Derived terms

• lumahin
• maluma

 

Anagrams

• ulam, mula

Venda

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dʊ́ma.

Verb

luma

1. to bite

Vlax Romani

Noun

luma f

1. Alternative form of lùmia

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dʊ́ma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [luːma]

Verb

-lûma

1. (transitive and intransitive) to bite

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dʊ́ma.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /lûːma/

Verb

-lûma

1. (transitive and intransitive) to bite

Inflection

Tone HH
Infinitive	ukuluma
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuluma	ukungalumi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	luma	-lume
Plural	lumani	-lumeni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyaluma, ngiluma	engilumayo, engiluma	ngiluma	angilumi	engingalumi	ngingalumi
2nd singular	uyaluma, uluma	olumayo, oluma	uluma	awulumi	ongalumi	ungalumi
1st plural	siyaluma, siluma	esilumayo, esiluma	siluma	asilumi	esingalumi	singalumi
2nd plural	niyaluma, niluma	enilumayo, eniluma	niluma	anilumi	eningalumi	ningalumi
Class 1	uyaluma, uluma	olumayo, oluma	eluma	akalumi	ongalumi	engalumi
Class 2	bayaluma, baluma	abalumayo, abaluma	beluma	abalumi	abangalumi	bengalumi
Class 3	uyaluma, uluma	olumayo, oluma	uluma	awulumi	ongalumi	ungalumi
Class 4	iyaluma, iluma	elumayo, eluma	iluma	ayilumi	engalumi	ingalumi
Class 5	liyaluma, liluma	elilumayo, eliluma	liluma	alilumi	elingalumi	lingalumi
Class 6	ayaluma, aluma	alumayo, aluma	eluma	awalumi	angalumi	engalumi
Class 7	siyaluma, siluma	esilumayo, esiluma	siluma	asilumi	esingalumi	singalumi
Class 8	ziyaluma, ziluma	ezilumayo, eziluma	ziluma	azilumi	ezingalumi	zingalumi
Class 9	iyaluma, iluma	elumayo, eluma	iluma	ayilumi	engalumi	ingalumi
Class 10	ziyaluma, ziluma	ezilumayo, eziluma	ziluma	azilumi	ezingalumi	zingalumi
Class 11	luyaluma, luluma	olulumayo, oluluma	luluma	alulumi	olungalumi	lungalumi
Class 14	buyaluma, buluma	obulumayo, obuluma	buluma	abulumi	obungalumi	bungalumi
Class 15	kuyaluma, kuluma	okulumayo, okuluma	kuluma	akulumi	okungalumi	kungalumi
Class 17	kuyaluma, kuluma	okulumayo, okuluma	kuluma	akulumi	okungalumi	kungalumi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngilumile, ngilumē	engilumile, engilumē	ngilumile, ngilumē	angilumanga	engingalumanga	ngingalumanga
2nd singular	ulumile, ulumē	olumile, olumē	ulumile, ulumē	awulumanga	ongalumanga	ungalumanga
1st plural	silumile, silumē	esilumile, esilumē	silumile, silumē	asilumanga	esingalumanga	singalumanga
2nd plural	nilumile, nilumē	enilumile, enilumē	nilumile, nilumē	anilumanga	eningalumanga	ningalumanga
Class 1	ulumile, ulumē	olumile, olumē	elumile, elumē	akalumanga	ongalumanga	engalumanga
Class 2	balumile, balumē	abalumile, abalumē	belumile, belumē	abalumanga	abangalumanga	bengalumanga
Class 3	ulumile, ulumē	olumile, olumē	ulumile, ulumē	awulumanga	ongalumanga	ungalumanga
Class 4	ilumile, ilumē	elumile, elumē	ilumile, ilumē	ayilumanga	engalumanga	ingalumanga
Class 5	lilumile, lilumē	elilumile, elilumē	lilumile, lilumē	alilumanga	elingalumanga	lingalumanga
Class 6	alumile, alumē	alumile, alumē	elumile, elumē	awalumanga	angalumanga	engalumanga
Class 7	silumile, silumē	esilumile, esilumē	silumile, silumē	asilumanga	esingalumanga	singalumanga
Class 8	zilumile, zilumē	ezilumile, ezilumē	zilumile, zilumē	azilumanga	ezingalumanga	zingalumanga
Class 9	ilumile, ilumē	elumile, elumē	ilumile, ilumē	ayilumanga	engalumanga	ingalumanga
Class 10	zilumile, zilumē	ezilumile, ezilumē	zilumile, zilumē	azilumanga	ezingalumanga	zingalumanga
Class 11	lulumile, lulumē	olulumile, olulumē	lulumile, lulumē	alulumanga	olungalumanga	lungalumanga
Class 14	bulumile, bulumē	obulumile, obulumē	bulumile, bulumē	abulumanga	obungalumanga	bungalumanga
Class 15	kulumile, kulumē	okulumile, okulumē	kulumile, kulumē	akulumanga	okungalumanga	kungalumanga
Class 17	kulumile, kulumē	okulumile, okulumē	kulumile, kulumē	akulumanga	okungalumanga	kungalumanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāluma	engāluma	ngāluma	angilumanga	engingalumanga	ngingalumanga
2nd singular	wāluma	owāluma	wāluma	awulumanga	ongalumanga	ungalumanga
1st plural	sāluma	esāluma	sāluma	asilumanga	esingalumanga	singalumanga
2nd plural	nāluma	enāluma	nāluma	anilumanga	eningalumanga	ningalumanga
Class 1	wāluma	owāluma	āluma	akalumanga	ongalumanga	engalumanga
Class 2	bāluma	abāluma	bāluma	abalumanga	abangalumanga	bengalumanga
Class 3	wāluma	owāluma	wāluma	awulumanga	ongalumanga	ungalumanga
Class 4	yāluma	eyāluma	yāluma	ayilumanga	engalumanga	ingalumanga
Class 5	lāluma	elāluma	lāluma	alilumanga	elingalumanga	lingalumanga
Class 6	āluma	āluma	āluma	awalumanga	angalumanga	engalumanga
Class 7	sāluma	esāluma	sāluma	asilumanga	esingalumanga	singalumanga
Class 8	zāluma	ezāluma	zāluma	azilumanga	ezingalumanga	zingalumanga
Class 9	yāluma	eyāluma	yāluma	ayilumanga	engalumanga	ingalumanga
Class 10	zāluma	ezāluma	zāluma	azilumanga	ezingalumanga	zingalumanga
Class 11	lwāluma	olwāluma	lwāluma	alulumanga	olungalumanga	lungalumanga
Class 14	bāluma	obāluma	bāluma	abulumanga	obungalumanga	bungalumanga
Class 15	kwāluma	okwāluma	kwāluma	akulumanga	okungalumanga	kungalumanga
Class 17	kwāluma	okwāluma	kwāluma	akulumanga	okungalumanga	kungalumanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingaluma	—	ngingaluma	ngingelume	—	ngingelume
2nd singular	ungaluma	—	ungaluma	ungelume	—	ungelume
1st plural	singaluma	—	singaluma	singelume	—	singelume
2nd plural	ningaluma	—	ningaluma	ningelume	—	ningelume
Class 1	angaluma	—	engaluma	angelume	—	engelume
Class 2	bangaluma	—	bengaluma	bangelume	—	bengelume
Class 3	ungaluma	—	ungaluma	ungelume	—	ungelume
Class 4	ingaluma	—	ingaluma	ingelume	—	ingelume
Class 5	lingaluma	—	lingaluma	lingelume	—	lingelume
Class 6	angaluma	—	engaluma	angelume	—	engelume
Class 7	singaluma	—	singaluma	singelume	—	singelume
Class 8	zingaluma	—	zingaluma	zingelume	—	zingelume
Class 9	ingaluma	—	ingaluma	ingelume	—	ingelume
Class 10	zingaluma	—	zingaluma	zingelume	—	zingelume
Class 11	lungaluma	—	lungaluma	lungelume	—	lungelume
Class 14	bungaluma	—	bungaluma	bungelume	—	bungelume
Class 15	kungaluma	—	kungaluma	kungelume	—	kungelume
Class 17	kungaluma	—	kungaluma	kungelume	—	kungelume
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizoluma	engizoluma	ngizoluma	angizuluma	engingezuluma	ngingezuluma
2nd singular	uzoluma	ozoluma	uzoluma	awuzuluma	ongezuluma	ungezuluma
1st plural	sizoluma	esizoluma	sizoluma	asizuluma	esingezuluma	singezuluma
2nd plural	nizoluma	enizoluma	nizoluma	anizuluma	eningezuluma	ningezuluma
Class 1	uzoluma	ozoluma	ezoluma	akazuluma	ongezuluma	engezuluma
Class 2	bazoluma	abazoluma	bezoluma	abazuluma	abangezuluma	bengezuluma
Class 3	uzoluma	ozoluma	uzoluma	awuzuluma	ongezuluma	ungezuluma
Class 4	izoluma	ezoluma	izoluma	ayizuluma	engezuluma	ingezuluma
Class 5	lizoluma	elizoluma	lizoluma	alizuluma	elingezuluma	lingezuluma
Class 6	azoluma	azoluma	ezoluma	awazuluma	angezuluma	engezuluma
Class 7	sizoluma	esizoluma	sizoluma	asizuluma	esingezuluma	singezuluma
Class 8	zizoluma	ezizoluma	zizoluma	azizuluma	ezingezuluma	zingezuluma
Class 9	izoluma	ezoluma	izoluma	ayizuluma	engezuluma	ingezuluma
Class 10	zizoluma	ezizoluma	zizoluma	azizuluma	ezingezuluma	zingezuluma
Class 11	luzoluma	oluzoluma	luzoluma	aluzuluma	olungezuluma	lungezuluma
Class 14	buzoluma	obuzoluma	buzoluma	abuzuluma	obungezuluma	bungezuluma
Class 15	kuzoluma	okuzoluma	kuzoluma	akuzuluma	okungezuluma	kungezuluma
Class 17	kuzoluma	okuzoluma	kuzoluma	akuzuluma	okungezuluma	kungezuluma
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyoluma	engiyoluma	ngiyoluma	angiyuluma	engingeyuluma	ngingeyuluma
2nd singular	uyoluma	oyoluma	uyoluma	awuyuluma	ongeyuluma	ungeyuluma
1st plural	siyoluma	esiyoluma	siyoluma	asiyuluma	esingeyuluma	singeyuluma
2nd plural	niyoluma	eniyoluma	niyoluma	aniyuluma	eningeyuluma	ningeyuluma
Class 1	uyoluma	oyoluma	eyoluma	akayuluma	ongeyuluma	engeyuluma
Class 2	bayoluma	abayoluma	beyoluma	abayuluma	abangeyuluma	bengeyuluma
Class 3	uyoluma	oyoluma	uyoluma	awuyuluma	ongeyuluma	ungeyuluma
Class 4	iyoluma	eyoluma	iyoluma	ayiyuluma	engeyuluma	ingeyuluma
Class 5	liyoluma	eliyoluma	liyoluma	aliyuluma	elingeyuluma	lingeyuluma
Class 6	ayoluma	ayoluma	eyoluma	awayuluma	angeyuluma	engeyuluma
Class 7	siyoluma	esiyoluma	siyoluma	asiyuluma	esingeyuluma	singeyuluma
Class 8	ziyoluma	eziyoluma	ziyoluma	aziyuluma	ezingeyuluma	zingeyuluma
Class 9	iyoluma	eyoluma	iyoluma	ayiyuluma	engeyuluma	ingeyuluma
Class 10	ziyoluma	eziyoluma	ziyoluma	aziyuluma	ezingeyuluma	zingeyuluma
Class 11	luyoluma	oluyoluma	luyoluma	aluyuluma	olungeyuluma	lungeyuluma
Class 14	buyoluma	obuyoluma	buyoluma	abuyuluma	obungeyuluma	bungeyuluma
Class 15	kuyoluma	okuyoluma	kuyoluma	akuyuluma	okungeyuluma	kungeyuluma
Class 17	kuyoluma	okuyoluma	kuyoluma	akuyuluma	okungeyuluma	kungeyuluma
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngilume	ngingalumi
2nd singular	ulume	ungalumi
1st plural	silume	singalumi
2nd plural	nilume	ningalumi
Class 1	alume	angalumi
Class 2	balume	bangalumi
Class 3	ulume	ungalumi
Class 4	ilume	ingalumi
Class 5	lilume	lingalumi
Class 6	alume	angalumi
Class 7	silume	singalumi
Class 8	zilume	zingalumi
Class 9	ilume	ingalumi
Class 10	zilume	zingalumi
Class 11	lulume	lungalumi
Class 14	bulume	bungalumi
Class 15	kulume	kungalumi
Class 17	kulume	kungalumi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngaluma	ngangaluma, angaluma, angangaluma
2nd singular	waluma	wangaluma, awaluma, awangaluma
1st plural	saluma	sangaluma, asaluma, asangaluma
2nd plural	naluma	nangaluma, analuma, anangaluma
Class 1	waluma	wangaluma, akaluma, akangaluma
Class 2	baluma	bangaluma, abaluma, abangaluma
Class 3	waluma	wangaluma, awaluma, awangaluma
Class 4	yaluma	yangaluma, ayaluma, ayangaluma
Class 5	laluma	langaluma, alaluma, alangaluma
Class 6	aluma	angaluma, awaluma, awangaluma
Class 7	saluma	sangaluma, asaluma, asangaluma
Class 8	zaluma	zangaluma, azaluma, azangaluma
Class 9	yaluma	yangaluma, ayaluma, ayangaluma
Class 10	zaluma	zangaluma, azaluma, azangaluma
Class 11	lwaluma	lwangaluma, alwaluma, alwangaluma
Class 14	baluma	bangaluma, abaluma, abangaluma
Class 15	kwaluma	kwangaluma, akwaluma, akwangaluma
Class 17	kwaluma	kwangaluma, akwaluma, akwangaluma

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “luma”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “luma (3.9)”