Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkulumɑ/, [ˈkulumɑ]
Verb
kuluma (da-infinitive kuluda)
- to be/get consumed
- to need, to be needed, to become necessary
- to take (time)
Minu projektile kulus aasta.- My project took a year.
Conjugation
More information indicative, present ...
indicative |
present |
perfect |
person |
positive |
negative |
person |
positive |
negative |
1st sing. |
kulun |
ei kulu |
1st sing. |
olen kulunud |
ei ole kulunud pole kulunud |
2nd sing. |
kulud |
2nd sing. |
oled kulunud |
3rd sing. |
kulub |
3rd sing. |
on kulunud |
1st plur. |
kulume |
1st plur. |
oleme kulunud |
2nd plur. |
kulute |
2nd plur. |
olete kulunud |
3rd plur. |
kuluvad |
3rd plur. |
on kulunud |
impersonal |
kulutakse |
ei kuluta |
impersonal |
on kulutud |
ei ole kulutud pole kulutud |
past |
pluperfect |
person |
positive |
negative |
person |
positive |
negative |
1st sing. |
kulusin |
ei kulunud |
1st sing. |
olin kulunud |
ei olnud kulunud polnud kulunud |
2nd sing. |
kulusid |
2nd sing. |
olid kulunud |
3rd sing. |
kulus |
3rd sing. |
oli kulunud |
1st plur. |
kulusime |
1st plur. |
olime kulunud |
2nd plur. |
kulusite |
2nd plur. |
olite kulunud |
3rd plur. |
kulusid |
3rd plur. |
oli kulunud |
impersonal |
kuluti |
ei kulutud |
impersonal |
oli kulutud |
ei olnud kulutud polnud kulutud |
conditional |
present |
perfect |
person |
positive |
negative |
person |
positive |
negative |
1st sing. |
kuluksin |
ei kuluks |
1st sing. |
kulunuksin oleksin kulunud |
ei kulunuks ei oleks kulunud poleks kulunud |
2nd sing. |
kuluksid |
2nd sing. |
kulunuksid oleksid kulunud |
3rd sing. |
kuluks |
3rd sing. |
kulunuks oleks kulunud |
1st plur. |
kuluksime |
1st plur. |
kulunuksime oleksime kulunud |
2nd plur. |
kuluksite |
2nd plur. |
kulunuksite oleksite kulunud |
3rd plur. |
kuluksid |
3rd plur. |
kulunuksid oleksid kulunud |
impersonal |
kulutaks |
ei kulutaks |
impersonal |
oleks kulutud |
ei oleks kulutud poleks kulutud |
imperative |
present |
perfect |
person |
positive |
negative |
person |
positive |
negative |
1st sing. |
— |
— |
1st sing. |
— |
— |
2nd sing. |
kulu |
ära kulu |
2nd sing. |
ole kulunud |
ära ole kulunud |
3rd sing. |
kulugu |
ärgu kulugu |
3rd sing. |
olgu kulunud |
ärgu olgu kulunud |
1st plur. |
kulugem |
ärme kulume ärme kulu ärgem kulugem |
1st plur. |
olgem kulunud |
ärme oleme kulunud ärme ole kulunud ärgem olgem kulunud |
2nd plur. |
kuluge |
ärge kuluge |
2nd plur. |
olge kulunud |
ärge olge kulunud |
3rd plur. |
kulugu |
ärgu kulugu |
3rd plur. |
olgu kulunud |
ärgu olgu kulunud |
impersonal |
kulutagu |
ärgu kulutagu |
impersonal |
olgu kulutud |
ärgu olgu kulutud |
quotative |
present |
perfect |
voice |
positive |
negative |
voice |
positive |
negative |
active |
kuluvat |
ei kuluvat |
active |
olevat kulunud |
ei olevat kulunud polevat kulunud |
passive |
kulutavat |
ei kulutavat |
passive |
olevat kulutud |
ei olevat kulutud polevat kulutud |
Nominal forms |
ma-infinitive |
active |
passive |
da-infinitive |
present |
past |
nominative |
kuluma |
kulutama |
nominative |
kuluda |
olla kulunud |
illative |
— |
inessive |
kuludes |
olles kulunud |
inessive |
kulumas |
participle |
active |
passive |
elative |
kulumast |
present |
kuluv |
kulutav |
translative |
kulumaks |
past |
kulunud |
kulutud |
abessive |
kulumata |
negative |
kulumatu |
— |
Close
Conjugation of
kuluma (ÕS type
27/elama, no gradation)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkulumɑ/, [ˈkulumɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -ulumɑ
- Syllabification(key): ku‧lu‧ma
Etymology 1
From kulua (“to wear, erode”) + -ma.
Noun
kuluma
- abrasion
Declension
More information nominative, genitive ...
Inflection of kuluma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) |
nominative |
kuluma |
kulumat |
genitive |
kuluman |
kulumien |
partitive |
kulumaa |
kulumia |
illative |
kulumaan |
kulumiin |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
kuluma |
kulumat |
accusative |
nom. |
kuluma |
kulumat |
gen. |
kuluman |
genitive |
kuluman |
kulumien kulumain rare |
partitive |
kulumaa |
kulumia |
inessive |
kulumassa |
kulumissa |
elative |
kulumasta |
kulumista |
illative |
kulumaan |
kulumiin |
adessive |
kulumalla |
kulumilla |
ablative |
kulumalta |
kulumilta |
allative |
kulumalle |
kulumille |
essive |
kulumana |
kulumina |
translative |
kulumaksi |
kulumiksi |
abessive |
kulumatta |
kulumitta |
instructive |
— |
kulumin |
comitative |
See the possessive forms below. |
Close
More information first-person singular possessor, singular ...
first-person singular possessor |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
kulumani |
kulumani |
accusative |
nom. |
kulumani |
kulumani |
gen. |
kulumani |
genitive |
kulumani |
kulumieni kulumaini rare |
partitive |
kulumaani |
kulumiani |
inessive |
kulumassani |
kulumissani |
elative |
kulumastani |
kulumistani |
illative |
kulumaani |
kulumiini |
adessive |
kulumallani |
kulumillani |
ablative |
kulumaltani |
kulumiltani |
allative |
kulumalleni |
kulumilleni |
essive |
kulumanani |
kuluminani |
translative |
kulumakseni |
kulumikseni |
abessive |
kulumattani |
kulumittani |
instructive |
— |
— |
comitative |
— | kulumineni |
second-person singular possessor |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
kulumasi |
kulumasi |
accusative |
nom. |
kulumasi |
kulumasi |
gen. |
kulumasi |
genitive |
kulumasi |
kulumiesi kulumaisi rare |
partitive |
kulumaasi |
kulumiasi |
inessive |
kulumassasi |
kulumissasi |
elative |
kulumastasi |
kulumistasi |
illative |
kulumaasi |
kulumiisi |
adessive |
kulumallasi |
kulumillasi |
ablative |
kulumaltasi |
kulumiltasi |
allative |
kulumallesi |
kulumillesi |
essive |
kulumanasi |
kuluminasi |
translative |
kulumaksesi |
kulumiksesi |
abessive |
kulumattasi |
kulumittasi |
instructive |
— |
— |
comitative |
— | kuluminesi |
first-person plural possessor |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
kulumamme |
kulumamme |
accusative |
nom. |
kulumamme |
kulumamme |
gen. |
kulumamme |
genitive |
kulumamme |
kulumiemme kulumaimme rare |
partitive |
kulumaamme |
kulumiamme |
inessive |
kulumassamme |
kulumissamme |
elative |
kulumastamme |
kulumistamme |
illative |
kulumaamme |
kulumiimme |
adessive |
kulumallamme |
kulumillamme |
ablative |
kulumaltamme |
kulumiltamme |
allative |
kulumallemme |
kulumillemme |
essive |
kulumanamme |
kuluminamme |
translative |
kulumaksemme |
kulumiksemme |
abessive |
kulumattamme |
kulumittamme |
instructive |
— |
— |
comitative |
— | kuluminemme |
second-person plural possessor |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
kulumanne |
kulumanne |
accusative |
nom. |
kulumanne |
kulumanne |
gen. |
kulumanne |
genitive |
kulumanne |
kulumienne kulumainne rare |
partitive |
kulumaanne |
kulumianne |
inessive |
kulumassanne |
kulumissanne |
elative |
kulumastanne |
kulumistanne |
illative |
kulumaanne |
kulumiinne |
adessive |
kulumallanne |
kulumillanne |
ablative |
kulumaltanne |
kulumiltanne |
allative |
kulumallenne |
kulumillenne |
essive |
kulumananne |
kuluminanne |
translative |
kulumaksenne |
kulumiksenne |
abessive |
kulumattanne |
kulumittanne |
instructive |
— |
— |
comitative |
— | kuluminenne |
third-person possessor |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
kulumansa |
kulumansa |
accusative |
nom. |
kulumansa |
kulumansa |
gen. |
kulumansa |
genitive |
kulumansa |
kulumiensa kulumainsa rare |
partitive |
kulumaansa |
kulumiaan kulumiansa |
inessive |
kulumassaan kulumassansa |
kulumissaan kulumissansa |
elative |
kulumastaan kulumastansa |
kulumistaan kulumistansa |
illative |
kulumaansa |
kulumiinsa |
adessive |
kulumallaan kulumallansa |
kulumillaan kulumillansa |
ablative |
kulumaltaan kulumaltansa |
kulumiltaan kulumiltansa |
allative |
kulumalleen kulumallensa |
kulumilleen kulumillensa |
essive |
kulumanaan kulumanansa |
kuluminaan kuluminansa |
translative |
kulumakseen kulumaksensa |
kulumikseen kulumiksensa |
abessive |
kulumattaan kulumattansa |
kulumittaan kulumittansa |
instructive |
— |
— |
comitative |
— | kulumineen kuluminensa |
|
Close
Etymology 2
Noun
kuluma (dialectal)
- Alternative form of kulma
Declension
More information nominative, genitive ...
Inflection of kuluma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) |
nominative |
kuluma |
kulumat |
genitive |
kuluman |
kulumien |
partitive |
kulumaa |
kulumia |
illative |
kulumaan |
kulumiin |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
kuluma |
kulumat |
accusative |
nom. |
kuluma |
kulumat |
gen. |
kuluman |
genitive |
kuluman |
kulumien kulumain rare |
partitive |
kulumaa |
kulumia |
inessive |
kulumassa |
kulumissa |
elative |
kulumasta |
kulumista |
illative |
kulumaan |
kulumiin |
adessive |
kulumalla |
kulumilla |
ablative |
kulumalta |
kulumilta |
allative |
kulumalle |
kulumille |
essive |
kulumana |
kulumina |
translative |
kulumaksi |
kulumiksi |
abessive |
kulumatta |
kulumitta |
instructive |
— |
kulumin |
comitative |
See the possessive forms below. |
Close
More information first-person singular possessor, singular ...
first-person singular possessor |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
kulumani |
kulumani |
accusative |
nom. |
kulumani |
kulumani |
gen. |
kulumani |
genitive |
kulumani |
kulumieni kulumaini rare |
partitive |
kulumaani |
kulumiani |
inessive |
kulumassani |
kulumissani |
elative |
kulumastani |
kulumistani |
illative |
kulumaani |
kulumiini |
adessive |
kulumallani |
kulumillani |
ablative |
kulumaltani |
kulumiltani |
allative |
kulumalleni |
kulumilleni |
essive |
kulumanani |
kuluminani |
translative |
kulumakseni |
kulumikseni |
abessive |
kulumattani |
kulumittani |
instructive |
— |
— |
comitative |
— | kulumineni |
second-person singular possessor |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
kulumasi |
kulumasi |
accusative |
nom. |
kulumasi |
kulumasi |
gen. |
kulumasi |
genitive |
kulumasi |
kulumiesi kulumaisi rare |
partitive |
kulumaasi |
kulumiasi |
inessive |
kulumassasi |
kulumissasi |
elative |
kulumastasi |
kulumistasi |
illative |
kulumaasi |
kulumiisi |
adessive |
kulumallasi |
kulumillasi |
ablative |
kulumaltasi |
kulumiltasi |
allative |
kulumallesi |
kulumillesi |
essive |
kulumanasi |
kuluminasi |
translative |
kulumaksesi |
kulumiksesi |
abessive |
kulumattasi |
kulumittasi |
instructive |
— |
— |
comitative |
— | kuluminesi |
first-person plural possessor |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
kulumamme |
kulumamme |
accusative |
nom. |
kulumamme |
kulumamme |
gen. |
kulumamme |
genitive |
kulumamme |
kulumiemme kulumaimme rare |
partitive |
kulumaamme |
kulumiamme |
inessive |
kulumassamme |
kulumissamme |
elative |
kulumastamme |
kulumistamme |
illative |
kulumaamme |
kulumiimme |
adessive |
kulumallamme |
kulumillamme |
ablative |
kulumaltamme |
kulumiltamme |
allative |
kulumallemme |
kulumillemme |
essive |
kulumanamme |
kuluminamme |
translative |
kulumaksemme |
kulumiksemme |
abessive |
kulumattamme |
kulumittamme |
instructive |
— |
— |
comitative |
— | kuluminemme |
second-person plural possessor |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
kulumanne |
kulumanne |
accusative |
nom. |
kulumanne |
kulumanne |
gen. |
kulumanne |
genitive |
kulumanne |
kulumienne kulumainne rare |
partitive |
kulumaanne |
kulumianne |
inessive |
kulumassanne |
kulumissanne |
elative |
kulumastanne |
kulumistanne |
illative |
kulumaanne |
kulumiinne |
adessive |
kulumallanne |
kulumillanne |
ablative |
kulumaltanne |
kulumiltanne |
allative |
kulumallenne |
kulumillenne |
essive |
kulumananne |
kuluminanne |
translative |
kulumaksenne |
kulumiksenne |
abessive |
kulumattanne |
kulumittanne |
instructive |
— |
— |
comitative |
— | kuluminenne |
third-person possessor |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
kulumansa |
kulumansa |
accusative |
nom. |
kulumansa |
kulumansa |
gen. |
kulumansa |
genitive |
kulumansa |
kulumiensa kulumainsa rare |
partitive |
kulumaansa |
kulumiaan kulumiansa |
inessive |
kulumassaan kulumassansa |
kulumissaan kulumissansa |
elative |
kulumastaan kulumastansa |
kulumistaan kulumistansa |
illative |
kulumaansa |
kulumiinsa |
adessive |
kulumallaan kulumallansa |
kulumillaan kulumillansa |
ablative |
kulumaltaan kulumaltansa |
kulumiltaan kulumiltansa |
allative |
kulumalleen kulumallensa |
kulumilleen kulumillensa |
essive |
kulumanaan kulumanansa |
kuluminaan kuluminansa |
translative |
kulumakseen kulumaksensa |
kulumikseen kulumiksensa |
abessive |
kulumattaan kulumattansa |
kulumittaan kulumittansa |
instructive |
— |
— |
comitative |
— | kulumineen kuluminensa |
|
Close