Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [laˈboro]
- Rhymes: -oro
- Hyphenation: la‧bo‧ro
Verb
labōrō (present infinitive labōrāre, perfect active labōrāvī, supine labōrātum); first conjugation, limited passive
- to toil, labor, work
- Synonyms: operor, exerceō, vertō, versō
- to endeavor, strive
- Synonyms: lūctor, ēlabōrō, certō, cōnītor, cōnor, temptō, appetō, affectō, tendō, quaerō, studeō, ēnītor, contendō, adnītor, īnsequor, pugnō, molior, perīclitor, nītor, spectō
- to suffer, be oppressed, be afflicted with
- to be imperiled
- (transitive) to produce
- to eclipse (said of the sun or moon)
Conjugation
More information Conjugation of labōrō (first conjugation, only third-person forms in passive), indicative ...
Conjugation of labōrō (first conjugation, only third-person forms in passive) |
indicative |
singular |
plural |
first |
second |
third |
first |
second |
third |
active |
present |
labōrō |
labōrās |
labōrat |
labōrāmus |
labōrātis |
labōrant |
imperfect |
labōrābam |
labōrābās |
labōrābat |
labōrābāmus |
labōrābātis |
labōrābant |
future |
labōrābō |
labōrābis |
labōrābit |
labōrābimus |
labōrābitis |
labōrābunt |
perfect |
labōrāvī |
labōrāvistī, labōrāstī1 |
labōrāvit, labōrāt1 |
labōrāvimus, labōrāmus1 |
labōrāvistis, labōrāstis1 |
labōrāvērunt, labōrāvēre, labōrārunt1 |
pluperfect |
labōrāveram, labōrāram1 |
labōrāverās, labōrārās1 |
labōrāverat, labōrārat1 |
labōrāverāmus, labōrārāmus1 |
labōrāverātis, labōrārātis1 |
labōrāverant, labōrārant1 |
future perfect |
labōrāverō, labōrārō1 |
labōrāveris, labōrāris1 |
labōrāverit, labōrārit1 |
labōrāverimus, labōrārimus1 |
labōrāveritis, labōrāritis1 |
labōrāverint, labōrārint1 |
passive |
present |
— |
— |
labōrātur |
— |
— |
labōrantur |
imperfect |
— |
— |
labōrābātur |
— |
— |
labōrābantur |
future |
— |
— |
labōrābitur |
— |
— |
labōrābuntur |
perfect |
— |
— |
labōrātus est |
— |
— |
labōrātī sunt |
pluperfect |
— |
— |
labōrātus erat |
— |
— |
labōrātī erant |
future perfect |
— |
— |
labōrātus erit |
— |
— |
labōrātī erunt |
subjunctive |
singular |
plural |
first |
second |
third |
first |
second |
third |
active |
present |
labōrem |
labōrēs |
labōret |
labōrēmus |
labōrētis |
labōrent |
imperfect |
labōrārem |
labōrārēs |
labōrāret |
labōrārēmus |
labōrārētis |
labōrārent |
perfect |
labōrāverim, labōrārim1 |
labōrāverīs, labōrārīs1 |
labōrāverit, labōrārit1 |
labōrāverīmus, labōrārīmus1 |
labōrāverītis, labōrārītis1 |
labōrāverint, labōrārint1 |
pluperfect |
labōrāvissem, labōrāssem1 |
labōrāvissēs, labōrāssēs1 |
labōrāvisset, labōrāsset1 |
labōrāvissēmus, labōrāssēmus1 |
labōrāvissētis, labōrāssētis1 |
labōrāvissent, labōrāssent1 |
passive |
present |
— |
— |
labōrētur |
— |
— |
labōrentur |
imperfect |
— |
— |
labōrārētur |
— |
— |
labōrārentur |
perfect |
— |
— |
labōrātus sit |
— |
— |
labōrātī sint |
pluperfect |
— |
— |
labōrātus esset, labōrātus foret |
— |
— |
labōrātī essent, labōrātī forent |
imperative |
singular |
plural |
first |
second |
third |
first |
second |
third |
active |
present |
— |
labōrā |
— |
— |
labōrāte |
— |
future |
— |
labōrātō |
labōrātō |
— |
labōrātōte |
labōrantō |
non-finite forms |
active |
passive |
present |
perfect |
future |
present |
perfect |
future |
infinitives |
labōrāre |
labōrāvisse, labōrāsse1 |
labōrātūrum esse |
labōrārī |
labōrātum esse |
labōrātum īrī |
participles |
labōrāns |
— |
labōrātūrus |
— |
labōrātus |
labōrandus |
verbal nouns |
gerund |
supine |
genitive |
dative |
accusative |
ablative |
accusative |
ablative |
labōrandī |
labōrandō |
labōrandum |
labōrandō |
labōrātum |
labōrātū |
Close
1At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.
Descendants
- Dalmatian:
- Italo-Romance:
- Italian: lavorare
- Neapolitan: laurà, laborà (“plough”)
- Sicilian: lavurari (“to plough”)
- Tuscan and Central Italian: lavorà, laorà (“plough, work”)
- Padanian: (trisyllabic forms may be borrowed from Italian)
- Southern Gallo-Romance (all meaning 'plough'):
- Ibero-Romance (all meaning 'plough'):
- Old Leonese:
- Old Galician-Portuguese: lavrar
- Old Spanish:
- Borrowings:
References
- “laboro”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “laboro”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- laboro in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be tormented by hunger, to be starving: fame laborare, premi
- to have the gout: ex pedibus laborare, pedibus aegrum esse
- to suffer from want of a thing: inopia alicuius rei laborare, premi
- to expend great labour on a thing: operam (laborem, curam) in or ad aliquid impendere
- to work without intermission: laborem non intermittere
- to lose one's labour: inanem laborem suscipere
- to strain every nerve, do one's utmost in a matter: contendere et laborare, ut
- to strain every nerve, do one's utmost in a matter: pro viribus eniti et laborare, ut
- not to trouble oneself about a thing: non laborare de aliqua re
- to have pecuniary difficulties: laborare de pecunia
- (ambiguous) to drain the cup of sorrow: omnes labores exanclare
- (ambiguous) rest after toil is sweet: acti labores iucundi (proverb.)