laboriosus

Latin

Etymology

From labor (“work, exertion”) +‎ -ōsus. However, the inserted -i- is enigmatic. It may be a result of analogy: cūra : cūriōsus = labor : ?

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /la.boː.riˈoː.sus/, [ɫ̪äboːriˈoːs̠ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /la.bo.riˈo.sus/, [läboriˈɔːs̬us]

Adjective

labōriōsus (feminine labōriōsa, neuter labōriōsum, superlative labōriōsissimus, adverb labōriōsē); first/second-declension adjective

1. laborious, toilsome, demanding
   • c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 1.1–7:

     Cui dōnō lepidum novum libellum
     āridō modo pūmice expolītum?
     Cornēlī, tibi: namque tū solēbās
     meās esse aliquid putāre nūgās
     jam tum, cum ausus es ūnus Ītalōrum
     omne aevum tribus explicāre cartīs
     doctīs, Jūpiter, et labōriōsīs.

2. industrious, hard-working

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	labōriōsus	labōriōsa	labōriōsum		labōriōsī	labōriōsae	labōriōsa
genitive	labōriōsī	labōriōsae	labōriōsī		labōriōsōrum	labōriōsārum	labōriōsōrum
dative	labōriōsō	labōriōsae	labōriōsō		labōriōsīs
accusative	labōriōsum	labōriōsam	labōriōsum		labōriōsōs	labōriōsās	labōriōsa
ablative	labōriōsō	labōriōsā	labōriōsō		labōriōsīs
vocative	labōriōse	labōriōsa	labōriōsum		labōriōsī	labōriōsae	labōriōsa

Derived terms

• labōriōsē

Related terms

• labor
• labōrō

Descendants

• English: laborious
• French: laborieux
• Italian: laborioso
• Portuguese: laborioso
• Spanish: laborioso

References

• “laboriosus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “laboriosus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• laboriosus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• laboriosus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.