kera

See also: Kera, kerä, KERA, and ķēra

Basque

Noun

kera

1. allative singular of ke

Borôro

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʰeɾaḁ/

Noun

kera

1. hand

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkera]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -era
• Hyphenation: ke‧ra

Adjective

kera (accusative singular keran, plural keraj, accusative plural kerajn)

1. (card games) of the suit of hearts (♥).
   • 1908, Henri Vallienne, Ĉu li?, ch. 3:

     La junulo miksis la kartojn kaj prenis unu el ili. Ĝi estis la kera damo.

     The youth shuffled the cards and drew one of them. It was the queen of hearts.

   • 1910, E. L. Kearney, transl., La aventuroj de Alicio en Mirlando, translation of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Carroll, Lewis, ch. 11:

     La Kera Damo bakis tortojn / En iu somertago!

     The Queen of Hearts, she made some tarts, / All on a summer day.

Related terms

• kero

Estonian

Etymology

Of Finno-Mordvinic origin. Cognate to Finnish kerä, Votic tšerä and Livonian kierā.

Noun

kera (genitive kera, partitive kera)

1. ball, sphere

Declension

Declension of kera (ÕS type 17/elu, no gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		kera	kerad
accusative	nom.
	gen.	kera
genitive			kerade
partitive		kera	kerasid
illative		kerra kerasse	keradesse
inessive		keras	kerades
elative		kerast	keradest
allative		kerale	keradele
adessive		keral	keradel
ablative		keralt	keradelt
translative		keraks	keradeks
terminative		kerani	keradeni
essive		kerana	keradena
abessive		kerata	keradeta
comitative		keraga	keradega

Finnish

Etymology

Shortening of keralla. Cognate with Ingrian kera, Karelian kera and Votic kera.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkerɑ/, [ˈk̟e̞rɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -erɑ
• Syllabification^(key): ke‧ra

Postposition

kera [with genitive]

1. with (in addition to; as an accessory to)

   Synonym: kanssa

   Antonym: ilman

   kahvia maidon kera ― coffee with milk

2. Synonym of kanssa (“with”) (in the company of, including)

Derived terms

• kerake

 

Further reading

• “kera”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

Anagrams

• Kare, kare

Garo

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

Noun

kera

1. basket

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay kera, from Classical Malay کرا (kĕra).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kəˈra/, [kəˈra]
• Hyphenation: kê‧ra

• Audio (Indonesia):

  (file)

Noun

kêra (plural kera-kera, first-person possessive keraku, second-person possessive keramu, third-person possessive keranya)

1. A primate of the clade Hominoidea, generally larger than monkeys and distinguished from them by having no tail; ape.
   • 1922, Mengelilingi Doenia Dalam 80 Hari:

     Maka héwan hoetanpoen djarang meréka berdjoempa dalam perdjalanannja, hanjalah matjam-matjam kera jang banjak dilihatnja berlontjat-lontjatan didahan kajoe dan memboeat roepa-roepa tingkah lakoe jang amat mentertawakan Passepartout.

     So they rarely met forest animals on they journey, only a variety of monkeys that they saw jumping on the branches of trees and making various kinds of behavior that made Passepartout laugh.

2. crab-eating macaque

Further reading

• “kera” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Ingrian

Etymology

Shortening of kerraal. Akin to Finnish kera and Karelian kera.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈkerɑ/, [ˈke̞rɑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈkerɑ/, [ˈke̞rɑ]
• Rhymes: -erɑ
• Hyphenation: ke‧ra

Adverb

kera

1. with, along
2. also, too, as well
   • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 17:

     Mama kera mäni tööhö.

     Mama goes to work as well.

   • 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 3:

     Heil kera ono oma dialekta, mut senen dialektan materialat kera tähä kirjaa evät joutuneet.

     They, too, have [their] own dialect, but the materials of this dialect were also not included in this book.

Synonyms

• tože, ja, i

Postposition

kera (+ genitive)

1. with
   • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 55:

     Lapset suuren möryn kera lumimäes tiukkaa.

     The children play on the sledging hill with a loud shout.

   • 1937, V. A. Tetjurev, translated by N. I. Molotsova, Loonnontiito (ensimäin osa): oppikirja alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 7:

     Mitä tapahtui pintamaan kera?

     What happened with the topsoil?

References

• V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 78
• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 155
• Olga I. Konkova, Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎, →ISBN, page 71

Japanese

Romanization

kera

1. Rōmaji transcription of けら
2. Rōmaji transcription of ケラ

Javanese

Alternative forms

• Carakan: ꦏꦼꦫ
• Roman: kêra

Adjective

kera (ngoko kuru, krama kera)

1. (polite) skinny

Kapampangan

Noun

kerə

1. lying down,
2. time of going to bed

Verb

kerə

1. to lie down

Malay

Alternative forms

• kĕra (dated, pre-1972)

Etymology

Compare Urak Lawoi' กรา (kra, “monkey”), Old Javanese kĕra (“monkey”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kəˈra/ [kəˈra]

Noun

kera (Jawi spelling کرا, plural kera-kera, informal 1st possessive keraku, 2nd possessive keramu, 3rd possessive keranya)

1. monkey, especially the macaque

   Hypernym: monyet

Descendants

• Indonesian: kera

Further reading

• “kera” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Maltese

Root
k-r-j
2 terms

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɛ.ra/
• Homophone: kerha

Etymology 1

From Arabic أَكْرَى (ʔakrā).

Verb

kera (imperfect tikri, past participle mikri, verbal noun kiri)

1. to rent

Conjugation

Conjugation of kera
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
perfect	m	krejt	krejt	kera		krejna	krejtu	krew
	f			kriet
imperfect	m	nikri	tikri	jikri		nikru	tikru	jikru
	f			tikri
imperative			ikri				ikru

Etymology 2

From Arabic كِراء (kirāʔ), feminised because of the final -a. Doublet of kiri.

Noun

kera f

1. rent

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-kera (infinitive kukera)

1. to annoy, irritate, aggravate

Conjugation

Conjugation of -kera
Positive present -nakera Subjunctive -kere Negative -keri Imperative singular kera
Infinitives
Positive kukera Negative kutokera
Imperatives
Singular kera Plural kereni
Tensed forms
Habitual hukera Positive past positive subject concord + -likera Negative past negative subject concord + -kukera
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakera) Singular Plural 1st person ninakera/nakera tunakera 2nd person unakera mnakera 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakera wanakera other classes positive subject concord + -nakera
Negative present (negative subject concord + -keri) Singular Plural 1st person sikeri hatukeri 2nd person hukeri hamkeri 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakeri hawakeri other classes negative subject concord + -keri
Positive future positive subject concord + -takera Negative future negative subject concord + -takera
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kere) Singular Plural 1st person nikere tukere 2nd person ukere mkere 3rd person m-wa(I/II) akere wakere other classes positive subject concord + -kere
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikere Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekera Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekera Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikera Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikera
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akera) Singular Plural 1st person nakera twakera 2nd person wakera mwakera 3rd person m-wa(I/II) akera wakera m-mi(III/IV) wakera yakera ji-ma(V/VI) lakera yakera ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakera vyakera n(IX/X) yakera zakera u(XI) wakera see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwakera pa(XVI) pakera mu(XVIII) mwakera
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekera "Already" positive subject concord + -meshakera "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakera "If/When" positive subject concord + -kikera "If not" positive subject concord + -sipokera Consecutive kakera / positive subject concord + -kakera Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakere
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nikera -tukera 2nd person -kukera -wakera/-kukereni/-wakereni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mkera -wakera m-mi(III/IV) -ukera -ikera ji-ma(V/VI) -likera -yakera ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kikera -vikera n(IX/X) -ikera -zikera u(XI) -ukera see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kukera pa(XVI) -pakera mu(XVIII) -mukera Reflexive -jikera
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kera- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -keraye -kerao m-mi(III/IV) -kerao -kerayo ji-ma(V/VI) -keralo -kerayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -keracho -keravyo n(IX/X) -kerayo -kerazo u(XI) -kerao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kerako pa(XVI) -kerapo mu(XVIII) -keramo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kera) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yekera -okera m-mi(III/IV) -okera -yokera ji-ma(V/VI) -lokera -yokera ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokera -vyokera n(IX/X) -yokera -zokera u(XI) -okera see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kokera pa(XVI) -pokera mu(XVIII) -mokera
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -kerea
  • Causative: -keresha
  • Passive: -kerwa
  • Reciprocal: -kerana
  • Stative: -kereka

• Nominal derivations:
  • kero (“annoyance, nuisance”)

Tocharian B

Etymology

Unknown.

Noun

kera ?

1. a type of musical instrument

Further reading

• Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “kera”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 209

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kerä, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *kerä.

Noun

kera

1. ball, clew (of yarn)
2. cabbage

Inflection

Inflection of kera (inflection type 5/sana)
nominative sing.	kera
genitive sing.	keran
partitive sing.	kerad
partitive plur.	keroid
	singular	plural
nominative	kera	kerad
accusative	keran	kerad
genitive	keran	keroiden
partitive	kerad	keroid
essive-instructive	keran	keroin
translative	keraks	keroikš
inessive	keras	keroiš
elative	keraspäi	keroišpäi
illative	keraha	keroihe
adessive	keral	keroil
ablative	keralpäi	keroilpäi
allative	kerale	keroile
abessive	kerata	keroita
comitative	keranke	keroidenke
prolative	keradme	keroidme
approximative I	keranno	keroidenno
approximative II	kerannoks	keroidennoks
egressive	kerannopäi	keroidennopäi
terminative I	kerahasai	keroihesai
terminative II	keralesai	keroilesai
terminative III	kerassai	—
additive I	kerahapäi	keroihepäi
additive II	keralepäi	keroilepäi

References

• Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “клубок, кочан”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎, Petrozavodsk: Periodika