閉塞

See also: 闭塞

Chinese

		to close; stop up; shut to close; stop up; shut; obstruct	to stuff; to stop up; to squeeze in to stuff; to stop up; to squeeze in; strategic pass; piston; unenlightened; Serb (abbrev.); Serbian
trad. (閉塞)		閉	塞
simp. (闭塞)		闭	塞

Pronunciation

[Show/Hide]
edit edit 蔽塞 閉塞 / 闭塞

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bìsè

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧˋ ㄙㄜˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bai³ sak¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pi-set
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pì-sek / pì-sak

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bìsè
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˋ ㄙㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bìsè
    • Wade–Giles: pi⁴-sê⁴
    • Yale: bì-sè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bihseh
    • Palladius: бисэ (bisɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pi⁵¹⁻⁵³ sɤ⁵¹/
    • Homophones:
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: bai³ sak¹
    • Yale: bai sāk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bai³ sak⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: bei³ seg¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɐi̯³³ sɐk̚⁵/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 蔽塞 閉塞 / 闭塞

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pi-set
    • Hakka Romanization System: bi sed^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bi⁴ sed⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /pi⁵⁵ set̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pì-sek
    • Tâi-lô: pì-sik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pieseg
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pi²¹⁻⁵³ siɪk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pì-sak
    • Tâi-lô: pì-sak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: piesag
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pi⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sak̚⁵/

Verb

閉塞

1. to be stopped up; to be closed up

Synonyms

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• 不通 (bùtōng)
• 堵塞
• 堵截 (dǔjié)
• 堵窒 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 妨礙 / 妨碍 (fáng'ài)
• 徑杈 / 径杈 (Hakka)
• 截 (jié)
• 掛礙 / 挂碍 (guà'ài)
• 擋 / 挡
• 擋住 / 挡住 (dǎngzhù)
• 攔 / 拦 (lán)
• 攔住 / 拦住 (lánzhù)
• 攔截 / 拦截 (lánjié)
• 攔擋 / 拦挡 (lándǎng)
• 攔閘 / 拦闸 (Hokkien)
• 攔阻 / 拦阻 (lánzǔ)
• 有礙 / 有碍 (yǒu'ài)
• 梗塞
• 滯滯 / 滞滞 (Hokkien)
• 滯礙 / 滞碍 (zhì'ài)
• 礙噠 / 碍哒 (ngai⁵ da) (Xiang)
• 窒礙 / 窒碍 (zhì'ài) (literary)
• 蔽塞 (bìsè) (literary)
• 蔽障 (bìzhàng)
• 遮 (literary, or in compounds)
• 邀 (yāo)
• 阻住 (zo² zyu⁶) (Cantonese)
• 阻塞
• 阻撓 / 阻挠 (zǔnáo)
• 阻擋 / 阻挡 (zǔdǎng)
• 阻攔 / 阻拦 (zǔlán)
• 阻滯 / 阻滞 (zǔzhì)
• 阻礙 / 阻碍 (zǔ'ài)
• 阻窒 (Hokkien)
• 障礙 / 障碍 (zhàng'ài)

Antonyms

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• 放行 (fàngxíng)
• 暢通 / 畅通 (chàngtōng)
• 通行 (tōngxíng)

Noun

閉塞

1. (rail transport) block system; Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 閉(へい)塞(そく) (heisoku, “blockade”)

Adjective

閉塞

1. hard to get to; out of the way; inaccessible
2. unenlightened; uninformed; conservative

Synonyms

• (hard to get to):

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• 偏僻 (piānpì)
• 偏遠 / 偏远 (piānyuǎn)
• 僻遠 / 僻远 (Hokkien)
• 絕 / 绝 (jué) (literary)
• 蔽塞 (bìsè)
• 迢迢 (tiáotiáo) (literary)
• 迢遙 / 迢遥 (tiáoyáo) (literary)
• 遙遠 / 遥远 (yáoyuǎn)
• 遼遠 / 辽远 (liáoyuǎn)
• 邊遠 / 边远 (biānyuǎn)

• (unenlightened):

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• 保守 (bǎoshǒu)
• 守舊 / 守旧 (shǒujiù)
• 頑固 / 顽固 (wángù)

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “unenlightened”):

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• 通達 / 通达 (tōngdá)
• 進步 / 进步 (jìnbù)
• 開明 / 开明 (kāimíng)
• 開通 / 开通 (kāitong)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
閉	塞
へい Grade: 6	そく Grade: S
on'yomi

Alternative forms

• 閉そく

Noun

閉(へい)塞(そく) • (heisoku) 

1. blockage
2. blockade

Related terms

• 閉塞感(へいそくかん) (heisokukan)

Verb

閉(へい)塞(そく)する • (heisoku suru) suru (stem 閉(へい)塞(そく)し (heisoku shi), past 閉(へい)塞(そく)した (heisoku shita))

1. to obstruct
2. to blockade

Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	閉塞し	へいそくし	heisoku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	閉塞し	へいそくし	heisoku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	閉塞する	へいそくする	heisoku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	閉塞する	へいそくする	heisoku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	閉塞すれ	へいそくすれ	heisoku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	閉塞せよ¹ 閉塞しろ²	へいそくせよ¹ へいそくしろ²	heisoku seyo¹ heisoku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	閉塞される	へいそくされる	heisoku sareru
Causative	閉塞させる 閉塞さす	へいそくさせる へいそくさす	heisoku saseru heisoku sasu
Potential	閉塞できる	へいそくできる	heisoku dekiru
Volitional	閉塞しよう	へいそくしよう	heisoku shiyō
Negative	閉塞しない	へいそくしない	heisoku shinai
Negative continuative	閉塞せず	へいそくせず	heisoku sezu
Formal	閉塞します	へいそくします	heisoku shimasu
Perfective	閉塞した	へいそくした	heisoku shita
Conjunctive	閉塞して	へいそくして	heisoku shite
Hypothetical conditional	閉塞すれば	へいそくすれば	heisoku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Conjugation of "閉塞する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)