羹

See also: 羮 and 焿

羹 U+7FB9, 羹 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7FB9 ← 羸 [U+7FB8] CJK Unified Ideographs 羺 → [U+7FBA]

Translingual

Han character

羹 (Kangxi radical 123, 羊+13, 19 strokes, cangjie input 廿土火廿大 (TGFTK), four-corner 8053₀, composition ⿱羔美)

Derived characters

• 𤄾, 𦣍, 𢑌

Related characters

• 羮 (Variant form)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 954, character 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28584
• Dae Jaweon: page 1399, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3139, character 13
• Unihan data for U+7FB9

Chinese

trad.		羹
simp. #		羹
alternative forms		𩱧 𩱋 𢑌 羮 焿

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 羹
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	羹
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古行切
Baxter	kaeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠæŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚaŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kaŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨjŋ/
Li Rong	/kɐŋ/
Wang Li	/kɐŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kɐŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gēng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gang1

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	羹
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gēng
Middle Chinese	‹ kæng ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁraŋ/
English	soup
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	羹
Reading #	1/1
No.	3988
Phonetic component	羹
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	庚
Old Chinese	/*kraːŋ/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gēng (geng¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄥ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gang¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): gang^1*

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kiⁿ / keⁿ / kng / keng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gên¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: geng
    • Wade–Giles: kêng¹
    • Yale: gēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: geng
    • Palladius: гэн (gɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɤŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gang¹
    • Yale: gāng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gang¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: geng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: gang^1*
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaŋ³³⁻³³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: kinn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kvy
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /kĩ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen): /kĩ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Tainan, Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: kenn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kvef
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɛ̃⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Yilan, Tainan): /kẽ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kng
    • Tâi-lô: kng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kngf
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kŋ̍³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng
    • Tâi-lô: king
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kefng
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

• kiⁿ/keⁿ - vernacular;
• kng/keng - literary.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gên¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: keⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kẽ³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: kaeng

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤraŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kraːŋ/

Definitions

羹

1. thick soup; broth

   魚肚羹／鱼肚羹  ―  yúdùgēng  ―  fish maw soup

2. vegetable soup
3. soups in general
4. (Cantonese) spoon (Classifier: 隻／只 c)
5. (Cantonese) Classifier for amounts of substance in a spoon.

   𢳂羹辣椒醬落去 [Cantonese, trad.]
   𫼣羹辣椒酱落去 [Cantonese, simp.]

   bat¹ gang¹ laat⁶ ziu¹ zoeng³ lok⁶ heoi³ [Jyutping]

   scoop a spoon of hot sauce in

Synonyms

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		匙, 勺
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		調羹, 湯匙, 羹匙, 匙子
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	勺兒, 羹匙
	Taiwan	湯匙
	Chengde	羹匙兒
	Chifeng	羹匙兒, 勺子
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	小勺兒
	Heihe	調羹兒, 羹匙兒, 勺兒
	Qiqihar	調羹, 羹匙兒, 小勺兒
	Harbin	勺兒, 小勺兒
	Jiamusi	羹匙兒, 勺兒
	Baicheng	羹匙, 勺兒
	Changchun	羹匙兒
	Tonghua	羹匙兒
	Shenyang	羹匙兒, 勺兒
	Jinzhou	羹匙兒, 匙兒, 匙子
	Malaysia	湯匙
	Singapore	湯匙
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	調羹, 勺兒
	Tangshan	羹匙兒
	Cangzhou	調羹, 勺兒
	Baoding	調羹
	Shijiazhuang	勺兒
	Lijin	調羹
	Jinan	勺子, 調羹, 小勺兒
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	匙羹兒
	Dandong	羹匙兒, 勺兒
	Yantai	匙子, 匙兒
	Yantai (Muping)	調羹兒
	Qingdao	調羹, 羹匙兒
	Zhucheng	匙子
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	調羹, 調羹勺兒
	Lingbao	羹勺兒
	Jining	調羹兒
	Wanrong	勺兒, 調羹匙兒
	Linfen	勺兒
	Shangqiu	調羹, 勺兒
	Yuanyang	調羹, 小勺兒
	Zhengzhou	調羹, 小勺
	Xinyang	調羹, 磁勺兒
	Baihe	勺勺兒
	Xi'an	勺勺兒, 調羹, 調羹兒, 小勺兒
	Baoji	調羹, 勺
	Tianshui	調羹
	Xining	調羹兒, 勺勺兒
	Xuzhou	調羹, 湯勺兒, 湯勺子
	Fuyang	勺子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	調羹兒, 調羹子, 勺勺子
	Lanzhou	調羹兒, 調羹子, 勺兒, 勺勺子
	Dunhuang	調羹, 勺勺子
	Hami	調羹
	Ürümqi	調羹, 勺勺子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	瓢羹, 瓢羹兒, 調羹, 調羹兒, 瓢瓢兒
	Nanchong	調羹兒
	Dazhou	調羹兒
	Hanyuan	調羹
	Xichang	調羹
	Zigong	調羹兒
	Chongqing	瓢羹兒
	Wuhan	瓢羹, 湯瓢, 瓢, 調羹
	Yichang	調羹兒, 瓢羹兒, 湯瓢兒
	Xiangyang	調羹兒
	Tianmen	調羹, 瓢羹
	Guiyang	瓢羹
	Zunyi	調羹兒
	Bijie	瓢羹, 調匙
	Liping	調羹
	Zhaotong	調羹
	Dali	調羹
	Kunming	調羹, 小勺勺, 勺
	Mengzi	調羹
	Guilin	調羹
	Liuzhou	調羹, 匙羹, 瓢羹
	Jishou	調羹兒
	Changde	調羹
	Hanzhong	瓢瓢
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	調羹兒, 調羹, 挑子, 茶叉
	Yangzhou	瓢子, 挑子, 調羹
	Lianyungang	調羹, 湯瓢子
	Lianshui	湯勺子
	Nantong	調羹, 勺兒
	Anqing	調羹
	Wuhu	湯瓢, 挑子
	Hefei	調羹, 挑子, 勺子
	Hong'an	調羹, 湯勺兒, 勺兒, 挑兒
Cantonese	Guangzhou	匙羹, 羹
	Hong Kong	匙羹, 羹
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	湯殼
	Macau	匙羹
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	匙羹
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	匙羹
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	匙羹
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	調羹
	Foshan	匙羹
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	匙羹
	Foshan (Shunde)	匙羹
	Foshan (Sanshui)	匙羹
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	匙羹
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	匙羹
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	匙羹
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	匙羹
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	匙羹
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	匙羹
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	匙羹
	Taishan	匙羹, 羹
	Kaiping (Chikan)	匙羹
	Enping (Niujiang)	匙羹
	Heshan (Yayao)	匙羹
	Dongguan	匙羹
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	羹調
	Yangjiang	羹
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	匙羹
	Singapore (Guangfu)	匙羹
Gan	Nanchang	瓢羹, 調羹
	Lichuan	瓢羹, 調羹
	Pingxiang	挑羹
Hakka	Meixian	調羹, 調羹仔, 湯匙
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	調羹
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	匙羹
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	匙羹
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	挑羹
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	調羹
	Yudu	調羹
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	湯匙
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	調羹仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	湯匙
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	湯匙
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	湯匙
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	湯匙
	Kuching (Hepo)	湯匙
Huizhou	Jixi	瓢羹, 瓢
	Shexian	瓢, 湯瓢
Jin	Taiyuan	匙匙, 調羹兒, 羹匙
	Yangyuan	小勺兒
	Datong	勺兒, 勺勺兒
	Xinzhou	匙匙
	Lüliang (Lishi)	調羹兒, 匙匙
	Changzhi	調羹兒
	Linhe	勺勺
	Jining	調羹勺
	Hohhot	調羹兒勺
	Erenhot	小勺子
	Pingshan	調羹勺兒, 勺勺兒
	Zhangjiakou	調羹勺子
	Handan	調羹, 羹匙
	Linzhou	調羹兒, 小勺兒
	Suide	調羹兒, 勺勺
Northern Min	Jian'ou	調羹
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	瓢羹
	Fuqing	瓢羹, 湯匙
	Singapore (Fuqing)	瓢羹, 湯匙
Southern Min	Xiamen	湯匙
	Quanzhou	湯匙
	Zhangzhou	湯匙, 調羹, 調羹仔
	Taipei	湯匙
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	湯匙
	Kaohsiung	湯匙仔
	Yilan	湯匙, 調羹仔
	Changhua (Lukang)	湯匙
	Taichung	湯匙仔
	Tainan	湯匙, 湯匙仔
	Hsinchu	湯匙
	Kinmen	湯匙
	Penghu (Magong)	湯匙
	Penang (Hokkien)	調羹, 湯匙
	Singapore (Hokkien)	湯匙
	Manila (Hokkien)	湯匙
	Medan (Hokkien)	調羹
	Chaozhou	湯匙
	Shantou	湯匙
	Singapore (Teochew)	湯匙
	Leizhou	羹
	Wenchang	頭羹
	Singapore (Hainanese)	頭羹
Puxian Min	Putian	調羹
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	調羹
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	調羹
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	調羹
	Xianyou	調羹
	Xianyou (Fengting)	調羹
	Xianyou (Youyang)	調羹
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	匙羹
	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	匙羹, 調羹
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	瓢羹
Wu	Shanghai	調羹, 抄, 剪勺
	Shanghai (Chongming)	調羹
	Suzhou	抄, 調羹
	Danyang	匙, 匙匙, 調羹
	Hangzhou	瓢羹兒
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	瓢羹, 瓢羹兒
	Ningbo	羹調, 調羹
	Wenzhou	調羹
	Jinhua	瓢羹
Xiang	Changsha	瓢羹, 調羹, 挑子
	Loudi	瓢羹, 調羹, 挑子
	Shuangfeng	調勾, 挑子

Dialectal synonyms of 勺子 (“spoon”) [map]

Descendants

• → Proto-Southwestern Tai: *kɛːŋᴬ¹
  • Lao: ແກງ (kǣng, “stew; soup”)
  • Thai: แกง (gɛɛng, “curry; soup; stew”)
  • Northern Thai: ᨠᩯ᩠ᨦ
  • Lü: ᦶᦂᧂ (k̇aeng)
  • Shan: ၵႅင် (kěng)
• → Saek: เก๋ง

Compounds

• 分一杯羹 (fēnyībēigēng)
• 分我杯羹
• 分杯羹
• 吃閉門羹／吃闭门羹 (chī bìméngēng)
• 和羹
• 嚃羹
• 土托魚羹／土托鱼羹
• 塵飯塗羹／尘饭涂羹
• 大羹玄酒
• 太羹
• 年羹堯／年羹尧
• 懲羹吹齏／惩羹吹齑 (chénggēngchuījī)
• 指雁為羹／指雁为羹
• 殘羹／残羹
• 殘羹冷炙／残羹冷炙
• 殘羹冷飯／残羹冷饭
• 殘羹剩飯／残羹剩饭 (cángēngshèngfàn)
• 沸羹
• 爺羹娘飯／爷羹娘饭
• 爺飯娘羹／爷饭娘羹
• 百歲羹／百岁羹
• 簞食豆羹／箪食豆羹
• 羊羹 (yánggēng)
• 羹匙 (gēngchí)
• 羹湯／羹汤
• 羹牆／羹墙
• 羹牆見堯／羹墙见尧
• 羹藜唅糗
• 羹飯／羹饭
• 肉羹 (ròugēng)
• 芼羹
• 蓴羹鱸膾／莼羹鲈脍
• 藜羹
• 蜩螗沸羹
• 調羹／调羹 (tiáogēng)
• 豆羹
• 鉶羹／铏羹
• 閉門羹／闭门羹 (bìméngēng)

 

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): láng (lang²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): long⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: láng
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: láng
    • Wade–Giles: lang²
    • Yale: láng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lang
    • Palladius: лан (lan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɑŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: long⁴
    • Yale: lòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: long⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: long⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔːŋ²¹/

Definitions

羹

1. Only used in 不羹.

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 羹

羹

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: きょう (kyō)^{←きやう (kyau, historical)}
• Kan-on: こう (kō)^{←かう (kau, historical)}
• Tō-on: かん (kan)
• Kun: あつもの (atsumono)

Compounds

Compounds

• 肉羹(にくこう) (nikukō): meat broth
• 羊羹(ようかん) (yōkan): a gelatin made from boiled sheep and used in soups; a thick jellied dessert made of red bean paste, agar, and sugar

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
羹
かん Hyōgai
tōon

From Middle Chinese 羹 (MC kaeng).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kã̠ɴ]

Affix

羹(かん) • (kan) 

1. broth of fish and vegetables

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
羹
あつもの Hyōgai
kun'yomi

あつ (atsu, “hot”) +‎ もの (mono, “thing”)^[1]

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) あつもの [àtsúmónó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [a̠t͡sɨmo̞no̞]

Noun

羹(あつもの) • (atsumono) 

1. broth of fish and vegetables

References

1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

羹 • (gaeng) (hangeul 갱, revised gaeng, McCune–Reischauer kaeng, Yale kayng)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

羹: Hán Nôm readings: canh

1. chữ Hán form of canh (“broth”).