桃

桃 U+6843, 桃 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6843 ← 桂 [U+6842] CJK Unified Ideographs 桄 → [U+6844]

Translingual

Han character

桃 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 木中一人 (DLMO), four-corner 4291₃, composition ⿰木兆)

Derived characters

• 𥰜

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 525, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14757
• Dae Jaweon: page 913, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1202, character 7
• Unihan data for U+6843

Chinese

simp. and trad.		桃

Wikipedia has articles on:

• 桃 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
• 桃 (Cantonese)
• 桃 (Classical)
• Tò̤ (Eastern Min)
• Thô (Southern Min)
• 桃 (Wu)
• Peach (English)

Wikipedia has articles on:

• 桃姓 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
• Thô (sèⁿ) (Southern Min)

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 桃
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

	Old Chinese
挑	*l̥ʰaːw, *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːwʔ
洮	*l̥ʰaːw, *l'aːw, *lew
桃	*l'aːw
逃	*l'aːw
咷	*l'aːw, *l̥ʰeːws
鼗	*l'aːw
鞉	*l'aːw
駣	*l'aːw, *l'aːwʔ, *l'aːws, *l'ewʔ
𣂁	*sl̥ʰew
脁	*l̥ʰews
晁	*l'ew
兆	*l'ewʔ
旐	*l'ewʔ
狣	*l'ewʔ
鮡	*l'ewʔ, *l'eːw
垗	*l'ewʔ
姚	*lew
珧	*lew
銚	*lew, *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːws
恌	*lew, *l̥ʰeːw
烑	*lew
餆	*lew
筄	*lews
艞	*lews
佻	*l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːw
祧	*l̥ʰeːw
朓	*l̥ʰeːw, *l̥ʰeːwʔ
庣	*l̥ʰeːw
趒	*l̥ʰeːw, *l̥ʰeːws, *l'eːw
聎	*l̥ʰeːw
眺	*l̥ʰeːws
覜	*l̥ʰeːws
頫	*l̥ʰeːws, *poʔ
絩	*l̥ʰeːws
跳	*l̥ʰeːws, *l'eːw
窕	*l'eːwʔ
誂	*l'eːwʔ

Characters in the same phonetic series (兆) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'aːw) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 兆 (OC *l'ewʔ).

Etymology

Possibly borrowed from the linguistic ancestor of Proto-Hmong-Mien *glaau³ᴬ (Bodman 1980, Schuessler, 2007). The oldest-known domesticated peach stones so far have been excavated in Zhejiang, east of the Central Plain cradle of Chinese civilization.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	桃
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒刀切
Baxter	daw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑu/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑu/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/daw/
Li Rong	/dɑu/
Wang Li	/dɑu/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	táo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tou4

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	桃
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	táo
Middle Chinese	‹ daw ›
Old Chinese	/*C.lˁaw/
English	peach
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	桃
Reading #	1/1
No.	16844
Phonetic component	兆
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	陶
Old Chinese	/*l'aːw/

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): táo (tao²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄠˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): tao²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tou⁴ / tou^4-2

• Gan (Wiktionary): tau²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thò
• Jin (Wiktionary): tau¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): tò̤
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): thô / thô͘ / tô

  (Teochew, Peng'im): to⁵ / do⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶dau

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: táo
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: táo
    • Wade–Giles: tʻao²
    • Yale: táu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taur
    • Palladius: тао (tao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (桃兒／桃儿)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: táor
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˊㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: táor
    • Wade–Giles: tʻao²-ʼrh
    • Yale: táur
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taurl
    • Palladius: таор (taor)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: tao²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tao
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰau²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: tou⁴ / tou^4-2
    • Yale: tòuh / tóu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tou⁴ / tou^4-2
    • Guangdong Romanization: tou⁴ / tou^4-2
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰou̯²¹/, /tʰou̯²¹⁻³⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: tau²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰau²⁴/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thò
    • Hakka Romanization System: to^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: to²
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰo¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: tau¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰau¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: tò̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰo⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thô
    • Tâi-lô: thô
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tooi
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɤ²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰo¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /tʰo²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thô͘
    • Tâi-lô: thôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: too
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tô
    • Tâi-lô: tô
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dooi
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /to¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /to²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ²³/

Note:

• thô/thô͘ - literary;
• tô - vernacular (limited, e.g. 楊桃).

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: to⁵ / do⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thô / tô
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰo⁵⁵/, /to⁵⁵/
Note: do5 - limited, e.g. 楊桃.
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶dau
    • MiniDict: dau^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³dau
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /dɔ²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: daw

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.lˤaw/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'aːw/

Definitions

桃

1. peach tree (Prunus persica)

   桃花  ―  táohuā  ―  peach flower

   桃樹／桃树  ―  táo shù  ―  peach tree

   • 桃之夭夭、灼灼其華。
     之子于歸、宜其室家。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     桃之夭夭、灼灼其华。
     之子于归、宜其室家。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Táo zhī yāoyāo, zhuózhuó qí huá.
     Zhī zǐ yúguī, yí qí shìjiā. [Pinyin]

     Young and tender is the peach tree; bright and radiant shall its blossoms be.
     Going to her future home is this young lady; may her house and chamber well-ordered be!

2. peach (fruit)
3. peach-shaped object
4. birthday

   壽桃包／寿桃包  ―  shòutáobāo  ―  longevity peach bun

5. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) immature poultry or livestock
6. walnut
7. a surname: Tao

Synonyms

• (peach):

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		桃子
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	桃兒
	Taiwan	桃子
	Harbin	桃兒
	Shenyang	桃兒
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	桃, 桃兒
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	桃子
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	桃兒
	Wanrong	桃
	Zhengzhou	桃
	Xi'an	桃
	Xining	桃兒
	Xuzhou	桃子, 桃
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	桃兒
	Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	桃兒
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	桃子
	Lanzhou	桃兒
	Ürümqi	桃子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	桃子
	Wuhan	桃子
	Guiyang	桃子
	Kunming	桃子, 桃
	Guilin	桃子
	Liuzhou	桃子, 桃子果
	Dagudi (Maliba)	桃子, 桃子果
	Reshuitang (Longling)	桃子果
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	桃子果
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	桃
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	桃子
	Yangzhou	桃子
	Hefei	桃子
	Huanggang	桃子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	桃
	Hong Kong	桃
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	桃
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	桃仔, 桃
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	桃仔
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	桃仔
	Macau	桃
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	桃
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	桃仔
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	桃仔
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	桃
	Foshan	桃
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	桃
	Foshan (Shunde)	桃
	Foshan (Sanshui)	桃
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	桃
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	桃
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	桃
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	桃
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	桃
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	桃
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	桃
	Taishan	桃, 桃果
	Kaiping (Chikan)	桃
	Enping (Niujiang)	桃
	Heshan (Yayao)	桃果
	Dongguan	桃
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	桃
	Shaoguan	桃
	Yunfu	桃仔
	Yangjiang	桃子
	Xinyi	桃子
	Lianjiang	桃子
	Nanning	桃子, 桃
	Wuzhou	桃子, 桃
	Yulin	桃子
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	桃子
	Danzhou	桃
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	桃
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	桃
Gan	Nanchang	桃子
	Lichuan	桃仔
	Pingxiang	桃子
Hakka	Meixian	桃仔
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	桃
	Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua)	桃哩
	Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua)	桃哩
	Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua)	桃仔
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	桃
	Longmen (Pingling Bendihua)	桃哩
	Longmen (Luxi Bendihua)	桃
	Boluo (Bendihua)	桃
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	桃仔
	Zengcheng (Zhengguo)	桃仔
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	桃子
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	桃哩
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	桃哩
	Wuhua (Changbu)	桃哩
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	桃哩
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	桃咧, 桃
	Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua)	桃哩
	Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua)	桃哎
	Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua)	桃哎
	Heping (Linzhai Bendihua)	桃蒂
	Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua)	桃
	Lianping (Longjie Bendihua)	桃
	Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua)	桃
	Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua)	桃
	Liannan	桃子
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	桃仔
	Jiexi	桃
	Changting	桃哩
	Ninghua	桃仔
	Yudu	桃子
	Shicheng	桃
	Shangyou (Shexi)	桃子
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	桃仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	桃仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	桃仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	桃
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	桃仔, 桃
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	桃
	Hong Kong	桃仔
	Luchuan	桃
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	桃子
	Sabah (Longchuan)	桃
	Senai (Huiyang)	桃子
Huizhou	Jixi	桃
	Shexian	桃
	Huangshan (Tunxi)	桃
	Xiuning	桃
	Yixian	桃
	Qimen	桃吶
	Wuyuan	桃仂
Jin	Taiyuan	桃兒
	Pingyao	桃兒
	Xinzhou	桃兒
	Hohhot	桃
Northern Min	Jian'ou	桃仔, 桃
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	桃
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	桃
	Pucheng (Shibei)	桃仔
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	桃
	Fuqing	桃
	Matsu	桃
Southern Min	Xiamen	桃仔, 桃
	Quanzhou	桃仔, 桃
	Zhangzhou	桃仔, 桃
	Dongshan	桃仔
	Taipei	桃仔
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	桃仔
	Kaohsiung	桃仔
	Yilan	桃仔
	Changhua (Lukang)	桃仔
	Taichung	桃仔
	Tainan	桃仔
	Hsinchu	桃仔
	Kinmen	桃, 桃仔
	Penghu (Magong)	桃
	Penang (Hokkien)	桃
	Singapore (Hokkien)	桃
	Manila (Hokkien)	桃仔
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	桃仔
	Datian	桃仔
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	桃
	Chaozhou	桃
	Shantou	桃
	Haifeng	桃仔
	Bangkok (Teochew)	桃
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	桃
	Wenchang	桃子
	Haikou	桃子
Puxian Min	Putian	桃
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	桃
	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	桃囝
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	桃子, 桃
Wu	Shanghai	桃子
	Shanghai (Chongming)	桃子
	Suzhou	桃子
	Wuxi	桃子
	Danyang	桃子
	Hangzhou	桃子
	Ningbo	桃子
	Wenzhou	桃兒
	Jinhua	桃兒, 桃
Xiang	Changsha	桃子
	Loudi	桃子
	Shuangfeng	桃子
	Quanzhou	桃

Dialectal synonyms of 桃子 (“peach”) [map]

• (walnut):

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		核桃, 胡桃, 桃
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	核桃
	Taiwan	核桃
	Harbin	核桃
	Singapore	核桃
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	核桃
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	核桃
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	核桃
	Wanrong	核桃
	Xi'an	核桃
	Xining	核桃
	Xuzhou	核桃
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	核桃
	Lanzhou	核桃
	Ürümqi	核桃
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	核桃
	Wuhan	核桃
	Guiyang	核桃
	Guilin	核桃
	Liuzhou	核桃
	Dagudi (Maliba)	核桃
	Reshuitang (Longling)	核桃
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	核桃
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	核桃
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	胡桃, 核桃
	Yangzhou	核桃
	Hefei	核桃
Cantonese	Guangzhou	合桃
	Hong Kong	合桃
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	合桃
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	合桃
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	核桃
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	合桃
	Macau	合桃
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	合桃
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	合桃
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	合桃
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	合桃
	Foshan	合桃
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	合桃
	Foshan (Shunde)	合桃
	Foshan (Sanshui)	合桃
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	合桃
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	合桃
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	合桃
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	合桃
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	合桃
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	合桃
	Taishan	合桃
	Kaiping (Chikan)	合桃
	Enping (Niujiang)	合桃
	Heshan (Yayao)	合桃
	Dongguan	合桃
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	合桃
	Shaoguan	合桃
	Yunfu	合桃
	Yangjiang	核桃
	Lianjiang	核桃
	Nanning	核桃
	Wuzhou	核桃, 合桃
	Yulin	核桃
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	核桃
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	核桃
Gan	Nanchang	核桃
	Lichuan	核桃
	Pingxiang	核桃
Hakka	Meixian	核桃, 合桃
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	合桃
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	合桃
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	合桃
	Zengcheng (Zhengguo)	合桃
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	合桃
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	合桃
	Hong Kong	合桃
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	核桃
Jin	Taiyuan	核桃
	Xinzhou	圪桃
Northern Min	Jian'ou	核桃
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	核桃
Southern Min	Xiamen	核桃
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	核桃
	Chaozhou	合桃
	Shantou	合桃
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	合桃
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	核桃
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	核桃
Wu	Shanghai	蒲桃, 胡桃
	Shanghai (Chongming)	蒲桃
	Suzhou	胡桃
	Danyang	胡桃
	Hangzhou	大核桃, 大胡桃
	Ningbo	胡桃
	Wenzhou	核桃
	Jinhua	胡桃
Xiang	Changsha	核桃
	Shuangfeng	核桃
	Quanzhou	核桃

Dialectal synonyms of 核桃 (“walnut”) [map]

Compounds

• 世外桃源 (shìwàitáoyuán)
• 人面桃花 (rénmiàntáohuā)
• 仙桃 (xiāntáo)
• 僵李代桃
• 公門桃李／公门桃李
• 凡桃俗李
• 分桃 (fēntáo)
• 命帶桃花／命带桃花
• 園有桃／园有桃
• 土偶桃梗
• 壽桃／寿桃 (shòutáo)
• 夭桃穠李／夭桃秾李
• 夭桃襛李／夭桃𰳺李
• 夾竹桃／夹竹桃
• 妖桃
• 小胡桃 (xiǎohútáo)
• 山核桃
• 山櫻桃／山樱桃
• 扁桃 (biǎntáo)
• 扁桃腺 (biǎntáoxiàn)
• 扁桃腺炎 (biǎntáoxiàn yán)
• 打桃
• 打櫻桃／打樱桃
• 投桃報李／投桃报李 (tóutáobàolǐ)
• 斷袖分桃／断袖分桃 (duànxiù fēntáo)
• 方桃譬李
• 月桃 (yuètáo)
• 木桃 (mùtáo)
• 李代桃僵 (lǐdàitáojiāng)
• 杏臉桃腮／杏脸桃腮
• 柳綠桃紅／柳绿桃红
• 桃之夭夭
• 桃人
• 桃仁 (táorén)
• 桃來李答／桃来李答
• 桃園盟／桃园盟
• 桃園結義／桃园结义 (táoyuán-jiéyì)
• 桃坪 (Táopíng)
• 桃夭 (táoyāo)
• 桃太郎 (Táotàiláng)
• 桃子 (táozi)
• 桃弧棘矢
• 桃月 (Táoyuè)
• 桃李 (táolǐ)
• 桃杌 (táowù)
• 桃李之教
• 桃李滿門／桃李满门 (táolǐmǎnmén)
• 桃李爭妍／桃李争妍
• 桃李爭輝／桃李争辉
• 桃李門牆／桃李门墙
• 桃柳爭妍／桃柳争妍
• 核桃
• 桃核雕
• 桃汛
• 桃源 (táoyuán)
• 桃源圖／桃源图
• 桃源行
• 桃灼呈祥 (táozhuóchéngxiáng)
• 桃竹
• 桃符
• 桃紅／桃红 (táohóng)
• 桃紅柳綠／桃红柳绿
• 桃羞杏讓／桃羞杏让
• 桃腮杏臉／桃腮杏脸
• 桃膠／桃胶 (táojiāo)
• 桃色 (táosè)
• 桃色新聞／桃色新闻
• 桃色案件
• 桃色糾紛／桃色纠纷
• 桃花 (táohuā)
• 桃花人面
• 桃花劫 (táohuājié)
• 桃花妝／桃花妆
• 桃花山 (Táohuāshān)
• 桃花心木 (táohuāxīnmù)
• 桃花扇
• 桃花星
• 桃花水
• 桃花汛 (táohuāxùn)
• 桃花源 (táohuāyuán)
• 桃花源記／桃花源记
• 桃花源詩／桃花源诗
• 桃花眼
• 桃花紙／桃花纸
• 桃花薄命
• 桃花運／桃花运 (táohuāyùn)
• 桃花過渡／桃花过渡
• 桃花面
• 桃葉歌／桃叶歌
• 桃葉渡／桃叶渡
• 桃葉珊瑚／桃叶珊瑚
• 桃蚜
• 桃酥 (táosū)
• 棉桃 (miántáo)
• 楊桃／杨桃 (yángtáo)
• 櫻桃／樱桃 (yīngtáo)
• 櫻桃宴／樱桃宴
• 櫻桃小口／樱桃小口
• 毛桃
• 水蜜桃 (shuǐmìtáo)
• 油桃 (yóutáo)
• 濃桃豔李／浓桃艳李
• 獼猴桃／猕猴桃 (míhóutáo)
• 王母蟠桃
• 碧桃花下
• 紅桃／红桃 (hóngtáo)
• 羊桃 (yángtáo)
• 胡桃 (hútáo)
• 胡桃夾子／胡桃夹子 (hútáojiāzi)
• 胡桃木
• 胡桃科
• 胡桃鉗／胡桃钳
• 色豔桃李／色艳桃李
• 葦戟桃杖／苇戟桃杖
• 葡桃 (pútáo)
• 蒲桃 (pútáo)
• 蟠桃 (pántáo)
• 蟠桃會／蟠桃会
• 豔如桃李／艳如桃李
• 金絲桃／金丝桃
• 門牆桃李／门墙桃李
• 面如桃花
• 餘桃啗君／余桃啗君
• 鬼畫桃符／鬼画桃符
• 麻核桃

 

Descendants

• → Thai: ท้อ (tɔ́ɔ)

Japanese

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

桃

Wikipedia ^ja

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 桃

桃

(Jōyō kanji)

1. peach

Readings

• Go-on: どう (dō)^{←だう (dau, historical)}
• Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
• Kun: もも (momo, 桃, Jōyō)

Compounds

Compounds

• 月桃(げっとう) (gettō): shell ginger
• 桃花(とうか) (tōka): peach blossom flower
• 桃果(とうか) (tōka): peach (fruit)
• 桃矢(とうや) (Tōya): “peach arrow” → a male given name

Etymology

Kanji in this term
桃
もも Grade: S
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *momo. Mentioned in the Nihon Shoki of 720.^[1]

Brought to Japan in antiquity, with pits found in prehistoric sites from the Yayoi period, 300 BCE - 300 CE. Mentioned as a food in documents from the Nara and Heian periods.^[1]

Ultimate derivation unknown. Theories include the following.

• Possibly derived originally from a reduplication of 実 (Old Japanese mu, modern Japanese mi, “fruit”), from the way that peaches often grow in clusters. However, the vowel shift seems unlikely given regular Japanese phonetic shifts. In addition, most reduplicated terms in Japanese have the 頭高型 (atamadaka-gata) pitch accent pattern, starting high and falling, which differs from the 平板型 (heiban-gata) pitch accent pattern of this term.
• Possibly cognate with Old Japanese 百 (momo, “hundred; lots”). However, this also has the 頭高型 (atamadaka-gata) pitch accent pattern.
• Possibly a reduplication of 毛 (mo, “hair”), from the way that peaches are hairy. The term is spelled as 毛毛 in some ancient documents. However, 毛 was commonly used as man'yōgana for its phonetic value, in which cases its original Chinese meaning of hair is usually ignored.

None of the above possibilities seems very compelling. Given the archaeological evidence, this term probably originated before the Japanese ancestor population migrated to the Japanese archipelago.

Possibly related to 梅 (ancient mume, modern ume, “Japanese apricot, Japanese plum”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) もも [mòmó] (Heiban – [0])^[2][3][4]
• IPA^(key): [mo̞mo̞]

• (Kyoto) もも [mómó] (Kōki – [0])^[4]

Noun

桃(もも) or 桃(モモ) • (momo) 

1. [from 720] peach
2. [from 720] peach tree

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as モモ.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 桃色(ももいろ) (momoiro): pink
• 桃色(ももいろ)鸚哥(いんこ) (momoiro inko): “pink parakeet” → Eolophus roseicapillus: galah, rose-breasted cockatoo
• 桃色(ももいろ)遊戯(ゆうぎ) (momoiro yūgi): “pink playing” → sex play
• 桃(もも)尻(じり) (momojiri): “peach butt” → from the way that the end of a peach is often pointy, and thus difficult to place stably: somebody who is bad at horse-riding; a fidgety, restless person
• 桃(もも)園(ぞの) (momozono): a peach orchard
• 桃(もも)割(わ)れ (momo ware): “split peach” → a hairstyle of Meiji and Taisho era, featuring a bun resembling a halved peach
• 桃(もも)の花(はな)の香(かお)り (momo no hana no kaori): the fragrance of peach blossoms

Idioms

Idioms

• 桃(もも)栗(くり)三(さん)年(ねん)柿(かき)八(はち)年(ねん) (momo kuri san nen kaki hachi nen): “peach and chestnut take three years [to bear fruit], persimmons take eight” → it often takes time to bear the fruit of one's actions

Descendants

• >? Ainu: モマ (moma, “Japanese peach, Japanese apricot”)

Proper noun

桃(もも) • (Momo) 

1. a female given name

References

1. “桃”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
3. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
4. “もも 【桃】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

Korean

Hanja

桃 (eumhun 복숭아 나무 도 (boksung'a namu do))

1. hanja form^? of 도 (“peach”)
2. hanja form^? of 도 (“marriage”)

Okinawan

Kanji

See also:

Category:Okinawan terms spelled with 桃

桃

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

• Kun: むむ (mumu, 桃)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
桃
むむ Grade: S
kun'yomi

From Proto-Ryukyuan *momo, from Proto-Japonic *momo. Cognate with Japanese 桃 (momo).

Noun

桃(むむ) (mumu) 

1. peach

Vietnamese

Han character

桃: Hán Nôm readings: đào

1. peach