採

See also: 采

採 U+63A1, 採 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-63A1 ← 掠 [U+63A0] CJK Unified Ideographs 探 → [U+63A2]

Translingual

Han character

採 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 手月木 (QBD), four-corner 5209₄, composition ⿰扌采)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 438, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12274
• Dae Jaweon: page 788, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1901, character 1
• Unihan data for U+63A1

Chinese

trad.		採
simp.		采*

Glyph origin

	Old Chinese
采	*sʰɯːʔ
睬	*sʰɯːʔ
彩	*sʰɯːʔ
採	*sʰɯːʔ
綵	*sʰɯːʔ
寀	*sʰɯːʔ
菜	*sʰɯːs
埰	*sʰɯːs
棌	*sʰɯːs

Characters in the same phonetic series (采) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰɯːʔ): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 采 (OC *sʰɯːʔ, “to pick”). Originally written 采.

Etymology

See 采 (OC *sʰɯːʔ).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	採
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	倉宰切
Baxter	tshojX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰʌiX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰəiX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɒiX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰəjX/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰᴀiX/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰɒiX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰɑ̆iX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cǎi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coi2

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	採
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cǎi
Middle Chinese	‹ tshojX ›
Old Chinese	/*s.r̥ˁəʔ/
English	gather, pluck
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	採
Reading #	1/1
No.	1073
Phonetic component	采
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	采
Old Chinese	/*sʰɯːʔ/
Notes	俗採字見史記

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cǎi (cai³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄞˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): coi²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhái
• Eastern Min (BUC): chāi
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhái

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cai²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tshe

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cǎi
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄞˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cǎi
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻai³
    • Yale: tsǎi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsae
    • Palladius: цай (caj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaɪ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: coi²
    • Yale: chói
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: coi²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔːi̯³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhái
    • Hakka Romanization System: cai^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cai³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰai̯³¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chāi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰai³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhái
    • Tâi-lô: tshái
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhae
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰai⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰai⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰai⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰai⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰai⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cai²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshái
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰai⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵tshe
    • MiniDict: tshe^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tshe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰe³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshojX

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.r̥ˤəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰɯːʔ/

Definitions

採

1. to pick; to pluck
2. to select; to choose; to pick
3. to gather; to collect
4. to mine; to dig
5. to pull; to drag
6. Alternative form of 睬 (cǎi, “to pay attention to”)

Synonyms

• (to pick):

edit

• 採摘 / 采摘 (cǎizhāi)
• 採擷 / 采撷 (literary)
• 摘取 (zhāiqǔ)
• 擷取 / 撷取 (literary)
• 收摘 (shōuzhāi)

• (to gather):

edit

• 允集 (yǔnjí) (literary)
• 匯 / 汇 (huì)
• 匯總 / 汇总 (huìzǒng)
• 匯聚 / 汇聚 (huìjù)
• 匯集 / 汇集 (huìjí)
• 叢集 / 丛集 (cóngjí)
• 團聚 / 团聚 (tuánjù)
• 坌集 (bènjí) (literary)
• 委會 / 委会 (wěihuì) (literary)
• 密集 (mìjí)
• 彙集 / 汇集 (huìjí)
• 徵集 / 征集 (zhēngjí)
• 採擷 / 采撷 (literary)
• 採集 / 采集 (cǎijí)
• 搜羅 / 搜罗 (sōuluó)
• 搜集 (sōují)
• 摟 / 搂 (lōu)
• 攏 / 拢 (lǒng)
• 攢 / 攒 (cuán)
• 攢聚 / 攒聚 (cuánjù)
• 攢集 / 攒集 (cuánjí)
• 收羅 / 收罗 (shōuluó)
• 收錄 / 收录 (shōulù)
• 收集 (shōují)
• 會合 / 会合 (huìhé)
• 會聚 / 会聚 (huìjù)
• 會集 / 会集 (huìjí)
• 湊 / 凑 (còu)
• 湊集 / 凑集 (còují)
• 相聚 (xiāngjù)
• 籌集 / 筹集 (chóují)
• 糾合 / 纠合 (jiūhé) (literary)
• 糾集 / 纠集 (jiūjí) (derogatory)
• 群集 (qúnjí)
• 聚 (jù)
• 聚合 (jùhé)
• 聚攏 / 聚拢 (jùlǒng)
• 聚斂 / 聚敛 (jùliǎn)
• 聚會 / 聚会 (jùhuì)
• 聚集 (jùjí)
• 聚首 (jùshǒu) (formal, usually of leaders, important figures)
• 蒐集 (sōují)
• 薈萃 / 荟萃 (huìcuì) (literary)
• 蝟集 / 猬集 (wèijí) (literary)
• 調集 / 调集 (diàojí)
• 集 (jí) (literary, or in compounds)
• 集中 (jízhōng)
• 集合 (jíhé)
• 集會 / 集会 (jíhuì)
• 集結 / 集结 (jíjié)
• 麇集 (qúnjí) (literary)

• (to dig):

edit

• 刨
• 挖掘 (wājué)
• 採掘 / 采掘 (cǎijué)
• 發掘 / 发掘 (fājué)
• 開掘 / 开掘 (kāijué)
• 開採 / 开采 (kāicǎi)
• 開鑿 / 开凿 (kāizáo, “to dig (tunnels, river channels, etc.)”)

Compounds

• 不採 / 不采
• 披榛採蘭 / 披榛采兰
• 採信 / 采信 (cǎixìn)
• 採光 / 采光 (cǎiguāng)
• 採取 / 采取 (cǎiqǔ)
• 採拾 / 采拾 (cǎishí)
• 採掘 / 采掘 (cǎijué)
• 採摘 / 采摘 (cǎizhāi)
• 採摭 / 采摭
• 採擇 / 采择 (cǎizé)
• 採擷 / 采撷
• 採收 / 采收 (cǎishōu)
• 採樹種 / 采树种
• 採獵 / 采猎
• 採珠 / 采珠 (cǎizhū)
• 採生折割 / 采生折割
• 採用 / 采用 (cǎiyòng)
• 採石場 / 采石场 (cǎishíchǎng)
• 採礦 / 采矿 (cǎikuàng)
• 採種 / 采种 (cǎizhǒng)
• 採納 / 采纳 (cǎinà)
• 採花 / 采花 (cǎihuā)
• 採芹人 / 采芹人
• 採茶 / 采茶 (cǎichá)
• 採茶戲 / 采茶戏 (cǎicháxì)
• 採茶歌 / 采茶歌
• 採蓮曲 / 采莲曲
• 採蓮船 / 采莲船 (cǎiliánchuán)
• 採薇 / 采薇 (cǎiwéi)
• 採藥 / 采药
• 採行 / 采行 (cǎixíng)
• 採補 / 采补
• 採訪 / 采访 (cǎifǎng)
• 採訪使 / 采访使
• 採證 / 采证
• 採買 / 采买 (cǎimǎi)
• 採購 / 采购 (cǎigòu)
• 採購員 / 采购员 (cǎigòuyuán)
• 採購團 / 采购团
• 採辦 / 采办 (cǎibàn)
• 採選 / 采选
• 採錄 / 采录 (cǎilù)
• 採集 / 采集 (cǎijí)
• 採風問俗 / 采风问俗
• 揪採 / 揪采
• 樵採 / 樵采 (qiáocǎi)
• 海上採油 / 海上采油
• 盜採 / 盗采
• 藜藿不採 / 藜藿不采
• 觀採 / 观采
• 謬採虛聲 / 谬采虚声
• 重點採訪 / 重点采访
• 開採 / 开采 (kāicǎi)