采

See also: 埰, 採, and 釆

采 U+91C7, 采 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91C7 ← 釆 [U+91C6] CJK Unified Ideographs 釈 → [U+91C8]

Translingual

Han character

采 (Kangxi radical 165, 釆+1, 8 strokes, cangjie input 月木 (BD), four-corner 2090₄, composition ⿱爫木)

Derived characters

• 𤔁, 倸, 𨺉, 㥒, 䣋, 啋, 埰, 婇, 寀, 彩, 採, 𡸯, 𣶶, 𤟖, 䐆, 棌, 𣈄, 𤊕, 𤚀, 𥚖, 睬, 𤷕, 𬎱, 䌽, 綵, 菜, 𨤔, 𫆇, 踩, 𧳥, 𨨫, 𩓰, 䰂

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1290, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40116
• Dae Jaweon: page 1790, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3898, character 2
• Unihan data for U+91C7

Chinese

simp. and trad.		采

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 采
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

	Old Chinese
采	*sʰɯːʔ
睬	*sʰɯːʔ
彩	*sʰɯːʔ
採	*sʰɯːʔ
綵	*sʰɯːʔ
寀	*sʰɯːʔ
菜	*sʰɯːs
埰	*sʰɯːs
棌	*sʰɯːs

Characters in the same phonetic series (采) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) . Two forms can be found in oracle bone script:

1. 爪 (“hand”) + 果 (“fruit”) – a hand (爪) picking fruits from a tree (果 (guǒ)).
2. 爪 (“hand”) + 木 (“tree”) – a hand (爪) picking from a tree (木 (mù)).

The current glyph is of composition 2.

Etymology 1

Uncertain. Several etymologies have been proposed:

• From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsa-n (“child; grandchild; nephew; niece”), whence Tibetan བཙའ (btsa', “to fruit, bear, bring forth”), བཙས (btsas, “to harvest, to reap”), possibly as well as 才 (OC *zlɯː, *zlɯːs), 子 (OC *ʔslɯʔ) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007);
• Related to Tibetan ཚོད་མ (tshod ma, “vegetables”) (Schuessler, 2007);
• Related to 穡 (OC *s.rək, “to reap; harvest”) (Baxter, 1992; Sagart, 1999; Baxter and Sagart, 2014).

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character	采
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	倉宰切
Baxter	tshojX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰʌiX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰəiX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɒiX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰəjX/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰᴀiX/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰɒiX/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰɑ̆iX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cǎi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coi2

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	采	采
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cǎi	cǎi
Middle Chinese	‹ tshojX ›	‹ tshojX ›
Old Chinese	/*s.r̥ˁəʔ/	/*s.r̥ˁəʔ/
English	gather, pluck	colorful
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	采
Reading #	1/1
No.	1070
Phonetic component	采
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	采
Old Chinese	/*sʰɯːʔ/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cǎi (cai³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄞˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): coi²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhái
• Eastern Min (BUC): chāi
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhái

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cǎi
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄞˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cǎi
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻai³
    • Yale: tsǎi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsae
    • Palladius: цай (caj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaɪ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: coi²
    • Yale: chói
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: coi²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔːi̯³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhái
    • Hakka Romanization System: cai^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cai³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰai̯³¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chāi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰai³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhái
    • Tâi-lô: tshái
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhae
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰai⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰai⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰai⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰai⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰai⁴¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshojX

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.r̥ˤəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰɯːʔ/

Definitions

采

1. to pick; to pluck; to gather; to collect

   alt. forms: 採／采 (cǎi)

2. to pick; to choose; to select

   alt. forms: 採／采 (cǎi)

3. to mine; to dig

   alt. forms: 採／采 (cǎi)

4. to drag; to pull

   alt. forms: 採／采 (cǎi)

5. color

   alt. forms: 綵／彩 (cǎi), 彩 (cǎi)

6. colored silk

   alt. forms: 綵／彩 (cǎi), 彩 (cǎi)

7. literary talent

   alt. forms: 彩 (cǎi), 綵／彩 (cǎi)

   文采  ―  wéncǎi  ―  literary talent

8. luster

   alt. forms: 彩 (cǎi)

9. beautiful in words but poor in content; using colorful language to cover up flaws
10. expression; spirit; complexion

    興高采烈／兴高采烈  ―  xìnggāocǎiliè  ―  elated

11. wager; stake

    alt. forms: 彩 (cǎi)

12. lucky (in gambling)

    alt. forms: 彩 (cǎi)

13. oak

    alt. forms: 棌

    采椽  ―  cǎichuán  ―  oak

14. to heed; to pay attention to

    alt. forms: 睬 (cǎi), 採／采 (cǎi), 倸 (cǎi)

15. official position

    alt. forms: 寀／采

16. vine; creeper
17. (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) thing
18. to exploit; to gain

    alt. forms: 採／采 (cǎi)

19. to accept

    alt. forms: 採／采 (cǎi)

20. currency
21. tomb
22. a surname

Compounds

• 下采
• 不大精采
• 不討采
• 不采
• 丰采 (fēngcǎi)
• 五采
• 偢采
• 儷采
• 光采 (guāngcǎi)
• 喝倒采 (hèdàocǎi)
• 喝采 (hècǎi)
• 多姿多采
• 多采多姿 (duōcǎi-duōzī)
• 大放異采
• 大采
• 尼采 (Nícǎi)
• 展采
• 干名采譽
• 得采
• 情采
• 捋采
• 文采 (wéncǎi)
• 文采風流
• 有采
• 樵采 (qiáocǎi)
• 氣揚采飛／气扬采飞
• 沒精打采 (méijīngdǎcǎi)
• 沒采
• 無精打采 (wújīngdǎcǎi)
• 異采 (yìcǎi)
• 發采揚明／发采扬明
• 神采 (shéncǎi)
• 神采奕奕 (shéncǎi yìyì)
• 神采奕然
• 神采煥發／神采焕发
• 神采英拔
• 神采飛揚／神采飞扬 (shéncǎifēiyáng)
• 神采駿發／神采骏发
• 符采
• 精采 (jīngcǎi)
• 精采絕倫／精采绝伦
• 納采
• 結采
• 興高采烈 (xìnggāocǎiliè)
• 舉手可采
• 葑菲之采
• 藍采和
• 蟠采
• 衣不兼采
• 衣不完采
• 衣不重采
• 褒采一介
• 詞采
• 辭采
• 采光剖璞
• 采女 (cǎinǚ)
• 采椽
• 采椽不斲
• 采石之役
• 采石磯
• 采綠
• 采緝
• 采聲
• 采色 (cǎisè)
• 采芑
• 采芹
• 采苓
• 采菽
• 采葛
• 采薇 (cǎiwéi)
• 采薪之憂
• 采薪之疾
• 采蘋
• 采蘩
• 采蘭贈芍／采兰赠芍
• 采詩 (cǎishī)
• 采采
• 采頭
• 采風 (cǎifēng)
• 采風錄／采风录
• 鏤金錯采／镂金错采
• 風采 (fēngcǎi)
• 風采堂堂
• 鹿門采藥／鹿门采药

 

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cài (cai⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄞˋ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cài
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cài
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻai⁴
    • Yale: tsài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsay
    • Palladius: цай (caj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

Definitions

采

1. fief

   alt. forms: 寀／采, 埰 (cài)

2. Alternative form of 菜 (cài)

Compounds

• 采地 (càidì)
• 采邑 (càiyì)

 

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 采 – see 採 (“to pick; to pluck; to select; to choose; to pick; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 採).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 采 – see 彩 (“variegated colors; rich and bright colors; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 彩).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

References

• “采”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	采
Kyūjitai [1]	采󠄁 采+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	采󠄃 采+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 采

采

(Jōyō kanji)

1. a die, dice

Readings

• Go-on: さい (sai, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: さい (sai, Jōyō)
• Kun: いろどり (irodori, 采り)、とる (toru, 采る)
• Nanori: あや (aya)、うね (une)、こと (koto)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) さい [sáꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2][3]
• IPA^(key): [sa̠i]

Noun

采(さい) • (sai) 

1. a die, dice

References

1. Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 2163 (paper), page 1133 (digital)
2. Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

采 • (chae) (hangeul 채, revised chae, McCune–Reischauer ch'ae, Yale chay)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.