亞
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Han character
亞 (Kangxi radical 7, 二+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 一中中一 (MLLM), four-corner 10107, composition ⿴二⿰⿳丨一𠃑⿳𠃑一丨)
- Shuowen Jiezi radical №506
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 87, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 274
- Dae Jaweon: page 183, character 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 23, character 2
- Unihan data for U+4E9E
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 亞 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 j29651  j29652  j29653  j29654  j29655  j29656  j29657  j29658  j29659  j29660  j29661  j29662  j29663  j29664  j29665  j29666  j29667  j29668  j29669  j29670  j29671  j29672  j29673  j29674  j29675  j29676  j29677  j29678  j29679  j29680  j29681  j29682  j29683  j29684  j29685  j29686  j29687  j29688  j29689  j29690  j29691  j29692  j29693  j29694  j29695  j29696  j29697  j29698  j29699  j29700  j29701  j29702  j29703  j29704  j29705  j29706  j29707  j29708  j29709  j29710  j29711  j29712  j29713  j29714  j29715  j29716  j29717  j29718  j29719  j29720  j29721  j29722  j29723  j29724  j29725  j29726  j29727  j29728  j29729  j29730  j29731  b19832  b19833  b19834  b19835  b19836  b19837  b19838  b19839  b19840  b19841  b19842  b19843  b19844  b19845  b19846  b19847  b19848  b19849  b19850  b19851  b19852  b19853  b19854  s10917 Transcribed ancient scripts  L36894  L23820  L23821  L23822  L23823  L23824  L23825  L23826  L23827 | |||
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References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Pictogram (象形) : an overhead view of a construction, likely a 亞-shaped tomb.
Etymology 1
Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔrak (“inferior; dependent”), whence Tibetan རག (rag, “to depend on; subject; subservient; dependent”) (Bodman, 1980; Coblin, 1986).
Karlgren (1957) connects it to 惡 (OC *qaːɡ, “evil”), but Schuessler (2007) considers this to be unlikely due to the semantics.
The shangsheng pronunciation in Mandarin (yǎ) is a result of influence from the pronunciation of 啞／哑 (yǎ), whose written form contains 亞 as a component (Fu, 1958).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ya4
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): nga3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ia3
- Northern Min (KCR): ngā
- Eastern Min (BUC): ā
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1ia
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ia4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yà
- Wade–Giles: ya4
- Yale: yà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yah
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, common variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yǎ
- Wade–Giles: ya3
- Yale: yǎ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yea
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ya4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ia
- Sinological IPA (key): /ia²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: aa3
- Yale: a
- Cantonese Pinyin: aa3
- Guangdong Romanization: a3
- Sinological IPA (key): /aː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: a1
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: nga3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: á
- Hakka Romanization System: aˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: a3
- Sinological IPA: /a³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ia3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ia⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngā
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ā
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- a, ah - vernacular;
- à - literary.
- Middle Chinese: 'aeH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤrak-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qraːɡs/
Definitions
亞
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ya4
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): nga3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ia3
- Northern Min (KCR): ngā
- Eastern Min (BUC): ā
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1ia
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ia4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yà
- Wade–Giles: ya4
- Yale: yà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yah
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, common variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yǎ
- Wade–Giles: ya3
- Yale: yǎ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yea
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ya4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ia
- Sinological IPA (key): /ia²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: aa3
- Yale: a
- Cantonese Pinyin: aa3
- Guangdong Romanization: a3
- Sinological IPA (key): /aː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: a1
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: nga3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: á / â
- Hakka Romanization System: aˋ / aˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: a3 / a1
- Sinological IPA: /a³¹/, /a²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ia3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ia⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngā
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ā
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: ia4
- Sinological IPA (key): /i̯a̠⁴⁵/
- (Changsha)
Definitions
亞
Descendants
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ya
- Wade–Giles: ya1
- Yale: yā
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ia
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: aa3
- Yale: a
- Cantonese Pinyin: aa3
- Guangdong Romanization: a3
- Sinological IPA (key): /aː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
- Southern Min
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: a1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: a
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³/
- (Teochew)
Definitions
亞
Etymology 4
Pronunciation
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): aa3
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: aa3
- Sinological IPA (key): /a⁵⁵/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
Definitions
亞
- (Nanning Pinghua) this
- 亞件衫／亚件衫 [Nanning Pinghua] ― aa3 gyun6 saam1 [Jyutping++] ― this shirt
Synonyms
Compounds
- 中亞／中亚 (Zhōngyà)
- 中亞細亞／中亚细亚 (Zhōng-Yàxìyà)
- 亞丁／亚丁 (Yàdīng)
- 亞丁灣／亚丁湾 (Yàdīngwān)
- 亞伯拉罕／亚伯拉罕 (Yàbólāhǎn)
- 亞元／亚元
- 亞加狄亞／亚加狄亚
- 亞匹／亚匹
- 亞卿／亚卿
- 亞喬木／亚乔木
- 亞塞拜然／亚塞拜然
- 亞太地區／亚太地区
- 亞於／亚于 (yàyú)
- 亞東／亚东 (yàdōng)
- 亞松森／亚松森 (Yàsōngsēn)
- 亞格拉／亚格拉
- 亞歲／亚岁
- 亞洲／亚洲 (Yàzhōu)
- 亞洲鐵人／亚洲铁人
- 亞熱帶／亚热带 (yàrèdài)
- 亞父／亚父
- 亞爾薩斯／亚尔萨斯
- 亞特拉斯／亚特拉斯
- 亞特蘭大／亚特兰大 (Yàtèlándà)
- 亞獻／亚献
- 亞瑟王／亚瑟王 (Yàsè Wáng)
- 亞瓦格／亚瓦格 (yàwǎgé)
- 亞當／亚当 (Yàdāng)
- 亞當／亚当 (Yàdāng)
- 亞當斯密／亚当斯密
- 亞硫酐／亚硫酐
- 亞硫酸／亚硫酸 (yàliúsuān)
- 亞硝酸／亚硝酸 (yàxiāosuān)
- 亞硝酸鹽／亚硝酸盐 (yàxiāosuānyán)
- 亞科瑞克／亚科瑞克 (yàkēruìkè)
- 亞米契斯／亚米契斯
- 亞細亞洲／亚细亚洲 (Yàxìyà Zhōu)
- 亞美利加／亚美利加 (Yàměilìjiā)
- 亞美尼亞／亚美尼亚 (Yàměiníyà)
- 亞聖／亚圣 (yàshèng)
- 亞肩疊背／亚肩叠背
- 亞腰葫蘆／亚腰葫芦
- 亞膠／亚胶
- 亞蔬中心／亚蔬中心
- 亞衛一號／亚卫一号
- 亞裔／亚裔 (yàyì)
- 亞軍／亚军 (yàjūn)
- 亞述帝國／亚述帝国
- 亞速群島／亚速群岛
- 亞運／亚运 (Yàyùn)
- 亞馬孫河／亚马孙河
- 亞麻／亚麻 (yàmá)
- 亞麻仁油／亚麻仁油
- 以利亞／以利亚 (Yǐlìyà)
- 以賽亞／以赛亚 (Yǐsàiyà)
- 伊利亞德／伊利亚德
- 低亞／低亚
- 保加利亞／保加利亚 (Bǎojiālìyà)
- 克拉斯諾亞爾斯克／克拉斯诺亚尔斯克 (Kèlāsīnuòyà'ěrsīkè)
- 內亞／内亚 (Nèiyà)
- 利比亞／利比亚 (Lìbǐyà)
- 匹亞／匹亚
- 半亞／半亚
- 南亞／南亚 (Nányà)
- 厄利垂亞／厄利垂亚 (Èlìchuíyà)
- 吉亞／吉亚 (Jíyà)
- 周亞夫／周亚夫
- 哈利路亞／哈利路亚 (hālìlùyà)
- 哥倫比亞／哥伦比亚 (Gēlúnbǐyà)
- 喬治亞／乔治亚 (Qiáozhìyà)
- 圭亞那／圭亚那 (Guīyànà)
- 坦尚尼亞／坦尚尼亚 (Tǎnshàngníyà)
- 塞爾維亞／塞尔维亚
- 塔非亞酒／塔非亚酒
- 大亞灣／大亚湾 (Dàyàwān)
- 奈及利亞／奈及利亚 (Nàijílìyà)
- 奧依亞依拉克／奥依亚依拉克 (Àoyīyà Yīlākè)
- 奧林比亞／奥林比亚
- 小亞細亞／小亚细亚
- 尚比亞／尚比亚 (Shàngbǐyà)
- 岡比亞／冈比亚 (Gāngbǐyà)
- 巴伐利亞／巴伐利亚
- 巴波亞／巴波亚 (bābōyà)
- 巴西利亞／巴西利亚 (Bāxīlìyà)
- 布亞／布亚 (Bùyà)
- 布爾喬亞／布尔乔亚 (bù'ěrqiáoyà)
- 布里亞族
- 希斯亞德／希斯亚德
- 帕提亞／帕提亚 (Pàtíyà)
- 幾內亞／几内亚
- 幾內亞灣／几内亚湾
- 彌賽亞／弥赛亚 (Mísàiyà)
- 德佛亞克／德佛亚克
- 愛奧尼亞／爱奥尼亚
- 愛沙尼亞／爱沙尼亚 (Àishāníyà)
- 披亞諾／披亚诺
- 拔爾波亞／拔尔波亚
- 拉脫維亞／拉脱维亚 (Lātuōwéiyà)
- 斯里賈亞瓦德納普拉科特／斯里贾亚瓦德纳普拉科特 (Sīlǐ Jiǎyàwǎdénàpǔlā Kētè)
- 東亞／东亚 (Dōngyà)
- 東北亞／东北亚 (Dōngběiyà)
- 東南亞／东南亚 (Dōngnányà)
- 柯克亞／柯克亚 (Kēkèyà)
- 栝矢亞／栝矢亚
- 歐亞／欧亚
- 歐亞大陸／欧亚大陆
- 毛里塔尼亞 (Máolǐtǎníyà)
- 汎亞／泛亚
- 沈亞之
- 波士尼亞／波士尼亚 (Bōshìníyà)
- 波希米亞／波希米亚 (Bōxīmǐyà)
- 流亞／流亚 (liúyà)
- 澳大利亞／澳大利亚 (Àodàlìyà)
- 熱那亞／热那亚 (Rènàyà)
- 玻利維亞／玻利维亚 (Bōlìwéiyà)
- 瑪利亞／玛利亚 (Mǎlìyà)
- 甘比亞／甘比亚 (Gānbǐyà)
- 科克亞／科克亚 (Kēkèyà)
- 突尼西亞／突尼西亚
- 索馬利亞／索马利亚 (Suǒmǎlìyà)
- 維吉尼亞／维吉尼亚 (Wéijíníyà)
- 罷亞／罢亚
- 羅亞爾河／罗亚尔河
- 羅德西亞／罗德西亚 (Luódéxīyà)
- 羅馬尼亞／罗马尼亚 (Luómǎníyà)
- 聖露西亞／圣露西亚 (Shènglùxīyà)
- 肯亞／肯亚 (Kěnyà)
- 莎士比亞／莎士比亚 (Shāshìbǐyà)
- 蒙古利亞／蒙古利亚
- 衣索比亞／衣索比亚 (Yīsuǒbǐyà)
- 西亞／西亚 (Xīyà)
- 西伯利亞／西伯利亚 (Xībólìyà)
- 西利西亞／西利西亚
- 諾亞／诺亚 (Nuòyà)
- 賴比瑞亞／赖比瑞亚 (Làibǐruìyà)
- 那密比亞／那密比亚
- 阿亞圖拉／阿亚图拉 (āyàtúlā)
- 阿摩尼亞／阿摩尼亚 (āmóníyà)
- 馬來亞／马来亚 (Mǎláiyà)
- 馬來西亞／马来西亚 (Mǎláixīyà)
- 馬利亞／马利亚 (Mǎlìyà)
References
- “亞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00057
| 亜 | |
| 亞 |
Kanji
亞
(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 亜)
- rank
- follow
- sub- prefix
Readings
Definitions
| For pronunciation and definitions of 亞 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 亞, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) |
Usage notes
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 亞 (MC 'aeH).
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean ᅙᅡᆼ〮 (Yale: qá) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Early Modern Korean 아 (Yale: a) in Samun Seonghwi (三韻聲彙 / 삼운성휘), 1751.
Pronunciation
- (phonetic element in transliterations):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [아]
- (second; sub-; ranking next; etc.):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [a̠(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [아(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
Wikisource 亞 (eumhun 버금 아 (beogeum a))
- hanja form? of 아 (“second; sub-”)
- hanja form? of 아 (“ranking next; coming after”)
- hanja form? of 아 (“Asia (abbreviation)”)
- hanja form? of 아 (“used as a prefix to names”)
Compounds
Proper noun
Usage notes
A common convention in news headlines, this is almost always written solely in the Hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.
References
Han character
References
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