List of wars involving Russia

For notable battles, see List of battles involving the Russian Federation. For the Soviet Union, of which Russia was part, see List of wars involving the Soviet Union.

This is a list of wars and armed conflicts involving Russia and its predecessors in chronological order, from the 9th to the 21st century.

The Russian military and troops of its predecessor states in Russia took part in a large number of wars and armed clashes in various parts of the world: starting from the princely squads, opposing the raids of nomads, and fighting for the expansion of the territory of Kievan Rus'. Following the disintegration of Kievan Rus', the emergence of the Principality of Moscow and then the centralized Russian state saw a period of significant territorial growth of the state centred in Moscow and then St. Petersburg during the 15th to 20th centuries, marked by wars of conquest in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, the Volga region, Siberia, Central Asia and the Far East, the world wars of the early 20th century, the proxy wars of the Cold War, and today.

The list includes:

• external wars
• foreign intervention in domestic conflicts
• anti-colonial uprisings of the peoples conquered during the Russian expansion
• princely feuds
• peasant uprisings
• revolutions

Legend of results:

  Victory

  Defeat

  Another result; for example, a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, indecisive, civil or internal conflict, or result unknown

  Ongoing conflict

Kievan Rus'

Main article: List of wars involving Kievan Rus'

Date	Conflict	Location	Rus and its allies	Opponent(s)	Result
830s	Paphlagonian expedition of the Rusʹ		Rus' Khaganate	Byzantine Empire	Victory[a]
860	Siege of Constantinople (860)		Rus' Khaganate	Byzantine Empire	Victory[a]
907	Rus'–Byzantine War (907)		Kievan Rus'	Byzantine Empire	Victory[1]
920–1036	Rus'–Pecheneg campaigns		Kievan Rus'	Pechenegs	Various results; eventually victory
941	Rus'–Byzantine War (941)		Kievan Rus'	Byzantine Empire	Defeat
944/945	Rus'-Byzantine War (944/945)		Kievan Rus'	Byzantine Empire	Victory[2]
964–965	Sviatoslav's campaign against Khazars		Kievan Rus'	Khazar Khaganate	Victory Destruction of the Khazar Khaganate
967/968–971	Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria		Kievan Rus'	Byzantine Empire	Defeat
981	Vladimir the Great's campaign on Cherven Cities		Kievan Rus'	Duchy of Poland	Victory
985	Vladimir the Great's campaign against Volga Bulgaria		Kievan Rus'	Volga Bulgaria	Military victory, then agreement
987	Rus'–Byzantine War (987)		Kievan Rus'	Byzantine Empire	Military victory and agreement Baptism of Vladimir and further Christianization of Kievan Rus'
1022	Yaroslav the Wise's attack on Brest		Kievan Rus'	Duchy of Poland	Defeat
1024	Rus'–Byzantine War (1024)		Kievan Rus'	Byzantine Empire	Defeat
1030	Yaroslav the Wise's campaign against Chud		Kievan Rus'	Chud	Victory Estonian tribes start to pay tribute to Rus'
1030–1031	Yaroslav the Wise's campaign on Cherven Cities		Kievan Rus'	Duchy of Poland	Victory
1042–1228	Finnish–Novgorodian wars		Kievan Rus' (until 1136) Novgorod Republic	Baltic Finnic peoples of Fennoscandia (Yem people)	Various results, mostly victories The wars' effect on the Finns' society contributed to the eventual Swedish conquest of western Finland circa 1249
1043	Rus'–Byzantine War (1043)		Kievan Rus'	Byzantine Empire	Defeat
1055–1223	Rus'–Cuman campaigns		Kievan Rus'	Cumans	Various results, mostly victories
1061	Sosols raid against Pskov		Kievan Rus'	Sosols	Defeat Yaroslav the Wise's conquests in Estonia are lost
1132–1445	Swedish–Novgorodian Wars		Kievan Rus' (until 1136) Novgorod Republic	Kingdom of Sweden Kingdom of Norway (from 1319)	Stalemate after the Black Death
1147	Bolesław IV the Curly's raid on Old Prussians		Bolesław IV the Curly Kievan Rus'	Old Prussians	Victory
1203–1234	Campaigns of Rus princes against the Order of the Sword (see also Livonian Crusade)		Kievan Rus' Vladimir-Suzdal Principality of Polotsk Principality of Smolensk Novgorod Republic Grand Duchy of Lithuania Baltic peoples Baltic Finnic peoples	Livonian Brothers of the Sword Baltic Germans	Defeat The crusaders capture Baltic lands up to the borders of Kievan Rus' and Lithuania
1223–1240	Mongol invasion of Rus'(see also List of Tatar and Mongol raids against Rus')		Vladimir-Suzdal Kiev Galicia-Volhynia Novgorod Republic Smolensk Turov and Pinsk Rostov Chernigov Ryazan Pereyaslavl	Mongol Empire	Decisive defeat The principalities of the Kievan Rus' became vassals of the Mongol Empire
1240–1242	Livonian campaign against Rus' (see also Northern Crusades)		Kievan Rus' Vladimir-Suzdal Pskov Republic Novgorod Republic	Teutonic Order Livonian Order Kingdom of Sweden Kingdom of Denmark Duchy of Estonia	Victory Defeat of the Germans Peace with Prince Alexander Nevsky The waiving of claims on northern Rus'
1245	Alexandr Nevsky Lithuanian campaign		Kievan Rus' Vladimir-Suzdal Pskov Republic Novgorod Republic	Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Victory
1268	Battle of Wesenberg		Novgorod Republic Vladimir-Suzdal Pskov Republic	Denmark Duchy of Estonia Teutonic Order Livonian Order	Both sides claim victory

Principality of Moscow (1263–1547)

Date	Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
1281–1293/4[4]	Vladimir-Suzdal war of succession (1281–1293) [ru] Casus belli: death of Alexander Nevsky (1263).[5] Duden's campaign [ru] (summer–autumn 1293) (part of the Tokhta–Nogai war)	Nogai forces[6] Dmitry of Pereslavl[6] Mikhail of Tver[6] Daniel of Moscow[6]	Tode Mongke (1281–1287)[7] Tokhta forces[6] Andrey of Gorodets[6] Theodore the Black[6] Rostov princes[6]	Tokhta victory[6] Vladimir, Moscow and Tver sacked, countryside devastated[6][8] Dmitry of Pereslavl fled, died in 1294[6] Andrey of Gorodets became indisputed Grand Prince of Vladimir[6]
1296/8–1302[4]	Struggle for Pereslavl-Zalessky[4]	Daniel of Moscow[4] Mikhail of Tver[4] Tokhta[4]	Andrey of Gorodets[4] Theodore the Black[4] Konstantin of Ryazan[4]	Muscovite–Tverian victory[4] Moscow sacked (1298)[8] Moscow temporarily acquired Pereslavl-Zalessky (lost in 1340/1)[4]
1305–1485	Muscovite–Tverian wars [uk; ru] (series of short wars, mixed with other conflicts)	Principality of Moscow	Principality of Tver	Victory Tver annexed by Moscow (1485)
1327	Tver Uprising of 1327 (part of the Muscovite–Tverian wars [uk; ru])	Golden Horde Ivan I Kalita of Moscow Alexander of Suzdal [uk; ru]	Principality of Tver Grand Principality of Vladimir[c]	Golden Horde victory Aleksandr of Tver stripped of land holdings and later executed
1368–1372	Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1368–72) (part of the Great Troubles and the Muscovite–Tverian wars [uk; ru])	Principality of Moscow	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Principality of Tver	Inconclusive Treaty of Lyubutsk
1376	Muscovite–Volga Bulgars war (part of the Great Troubles)	Principality of Moscow	Volga Bulgaria	Victory
1377	Battle on Pyana River (part of the Great Troubles)	Principality of Moscow	Golden Horde	Defeat
1378	Battle of the Vozha River (part of the Great Troubles)	Principality of Moscow	Golden Horde	Victory
1380	Battle of Kulikovo (part of the Great Troubles[9])	Rus' principalities:[10] Principality of Moscow (Dmitri Donskoy) Principality of Beloozero Principality of Yaroslavl Principality of Rostov Principality of Starodub Principality of Mologa Principality of Kashin Princes from Vyazma and Dorogobuzh Part of Upper Oka Principalities Lithuanian princes of Polotsk and Bryansk in exile	Western part of the Golden Horde European mercenaries	Victory for the Rus' principalities coalition[11] Moscow replaced Tver as the most prominent of the northeastern Rus' principalities[11]
1382	Siege of Moscow (part of the aftermath of the Great Troubles)	Principality of Moscow	Golden Horde	Defeat[12] Dmitri Donskoy forced to reaffirm allegiance to the Golden Horde, and resumed paying the tribute[13]
1406–1408	Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1406–1408) [uk] (part of the Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars)	Principality of Moscow	Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Hungarian Treaty [uk] (1 September 1408) Lithuania receives Principality of Smolensk and Upper Oka Principalities Muscovy receives the cities of Kozelsk, Lyubutsk and Peremyshl
1425–1453[14]	Muscovite War of Succession[15]	Younger Donskoy line Vasily II Vasilyevich Dmitry II Shemyaka (1434–9) Boris of Tver (c. 1438) Mäxmüd of Kazan (1445–8) Qasim Khan (1452–3)	Older Donskoy line Yury Dmitrievich (1425–34) Vasily Kosoy (1434–6) Ulugh of Kazan (1437–45) Dmitry II Shemyaka (1439; 1445–53) Ivan of Mozhaysk [ru; uk] (1447–53)	Vasily II victory[14] Younger lineage of Dmitry Donskoy gained the Muscovite throne[14][16]
1437–1445	Ulugh Muhammad's campaign (first Russo-Kazan war) (from Battle of Belyov to Battle of Suzdal) (connected with the Muscovite War of Succession)	Younger Donskoy line Vasily II Vasilyevich Dmitry II Shemyaka (1437–9)	Older Donskoy line Ulugh of Kazan Dmitry II Shemyaka (1439)	Ulugh victory Ulugh captured Vasily II Vasilyevich (1445) Ulugh's successor Mäxmüd made Vasily II his vassal Dmitry Shemyaka seized Moscow in Vasily II's absence
1467–1469	Qasim War	Grand Principality of Moscow Qasim Khanate	Khanate of Kazan	Victory Kazan released all ethnic Christian Russians enslaved in the preceding four decades[17]
1471	Battle of Shelon	Grand Principality of Moscow	Novgorod Republic	Victory Novgorod Republic annexed by the Grand Principality of Moscow in 1478
1478	Siege of Kazan	Grand Principality of Moscow	Khanate of Kazan	Victory The Kazan Khan imprisoned and replaced by his half-brother
1480	Great Stand on the Ugra River	Grand Principality of Moscow	Golden Horde	Debated[18][19] Traditional Russian historiography: Muscovite victory, and the end of the Mongol-Tatar yoke in Russia[18][19] Modern Western scholarly historiography: Insignificant non-battle, embellished in later accounts; Moscow retained formal relations with Tatar khanates and continued paying tribute to the Crimean Khanate for decades[18][19]
1480-1481	Russian-Livonian War (1480-1481)	Russia	Livonian Confederation	Victory
1485	Capture of Tver (1485) [ru] (part of the Muscovite–Tverian wars [uk; ru])	Grand Principality of Moscow	Principality of Tver	Victory Principality of Tver annexed by the Grand Principality of Moscow
1487–1494	First Muscovite-Lithuanian War	Grand Principality of Moscow	Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Victory
1495–1497	Russo-Swedish War	Grand Principality of Moscow	Sweden	Inconclusive
1500–1503	Second Muscovite–Lithuanian War	Grand Principality of Moscow	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Livonian Order	Victory
1505–1507	Russo-Kazan War	Grand Principality of Moscow	Khanate of Kazan	Inconclusive
1507–1508	Third Muscovite–Lithuanian War	Grand Principality of Moscow	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Crimean Khanate	Inconclusive
1512–1522	Fourth Muscovite–Lithuanian War	Grand Principality of Moscow Livonian Order	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Kingdom of Poland Crimean Khanate	Victory
1534–1537	Fifth Muscovite–Lithuanian War	Grand Principality of Moscow	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Kingdom of Poland Crimean Khanate	Inconclusive

This section is an excerpt from List of wars involving the Principality of Moscow.[edit]

This is a list of wars involving the Principality of Moscow (1263–1547), also known as Muscovy.^[b]

Tsardom of Russia (1547–1721)

Date	Conflict	Location	Russia and its allies	Opponent(s)	Result
1552	Siege of Kazan Ivan IV enters the defeated Kazan	Tatarstan	Russia	Khanate of Kazan	Victory The annexation of Kazan into Russia
1552–1556	Tatar Rebellion	Tatarstan	Russia	Tatar rebels	Victory The rebellion is crushed
1554–1557	Ivan the Terrible's Swedish War	Karelia	Russia	Sweden	Inconclusive Treaty of Novgorod
1556	Russian conquest of Astrakhan	Astrakhan	Russia	Astrakhan Khanate	Victory The annexation of Astrakhan into Russia
1558–1562	Ivan the Terrible's Livonian Campaign	Livonia	Russia	Livonian Confederation	Victory Destruction of the Livonian state Truce with Poland and Lithuania[20]
1562–1570	Russo-Lithuanian War	Northern Europe	Russia	Polish–Lithuanian union	Victory
1558–1583	Livonian War Russia troops besiege Narva in 1558	Northern Europe	Russia Livonia	Livonian Confederation Denmark–Norway Sweden Polish–Lithuanian union (after 1569, Poland-Lithuania	Defeat Truce of Jam Zapolski Treaty of Plussa
1568–1570	Astrakhan Expedition	Astrakhan and Azov	Russia	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate	Victory Treaty of Constantinople (1570)
1570–1572	Ivan the Terrible's Crimean War	European Russia	Russia	Crimean Khanate	Victory The Crimean Tatars burn Moscow in 1571 The Russians defeat the Crimean Tatars at the Battle of Molodi in 1572 The independence of Russia and its conquests in the Volga region preserved
1580–1762	Russian conquest of Siberia Yermak's Conquest of Siberia	Siberia	Russia Cossacks Pro-Russian native Siberians	Khanate of Sibir (until 1598) Native Siberians	Victory The start of Russian annexation of Siberia
1590–1595	Boris Godunov's Swedish War	Northern Europe	Russia	Sweden	Inconclusive Treaty of Teusina Мutual territorial concessions
1605–1618	Polish invasions of Russia The Poles surrender the Moscow Kremlin to Prince Pozharsky in 1612	Russia	Russia Sweden (1609–1610)	Poland–Lithuania	Defeat
1606–1607	Bolotnikov Rebellion Bolotnikov's battle with the Tsar's army at Nizhniye Kotly near Moscow	Russia	Russia	Rebels under Ivan Bolotnikov	Victory The rebellion is crushed
1610–1617	Ingrian War Depiction of Russian troops in 1611	Russia	Russia	Sweden	Defeat Treaty of Stolbovo
1632–1634	Smolensk War Russian troops storm Smolensk	Smolensk	Russia	Poland–Lithuania	Defeat Treaty of Polyanovka
1651–1653	Alexis I's Persian War	North Caucasus	Russia	Persia	Defeat
1652–1689	Sino–Russian border conflicts Russian fort under attack by Chinese troops	Heilongjiang and Amur	Russia Cossacks	China Korea	Defeat Treaty of Nerchinsk
1654–1667	First Northern War	Eastern Europe	Russia Cossack Hetmanate	Poland-Lithuania Crimean Khanate	Victory Truce of Andrusovo
1656–1658	Second Northern War Russian troops besiege Riga in 1656	Northern Europe	Russia	Sweden	Inconclusive Treaty of Valiesar Treaty of Cardis
1662–1664	First Bashkir Rebellion	Bashkortostan	Russia	Bashkir rebels	Inconclusive; political defeat The Russian government was forced to accept Bashkir demands
1670–1671	Razin's Rebellion Razin's rebels in Astrakhan	Russia	Russia	Cossacks under Stepan Razin	Victory The rebellion is crushed
1676–1681	Feodor III's Turkish War	Ukraine	Russia	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate	Indecisive[21] Treaty of Bakhchisarai
1683–1700	Great Turkish War Russian troops capture Azov	Eastern Europe	Russia (from 1686) Austria Poland–Lithuania Cossack Hetmanate	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate	Victory Treaty of Constantinople Russia stops paying regular tribute to Crimea
1700–1721	Great Northern War Russian troops assault the island fortress of Nöteborg Russian troops capture Narva	Europe	Russia Denmark–Norway (except 1700–1709)  Saxony (except 1706–1709) Poland–Lithuania (except 1704–1709) Cossack Hetmanate (until 1708)  Prussia (from 1715) Hanover (from 1715)  Great Britain (1717–1719)	Sweden Holstein-Gottorp Poland-Lithuania (1704–1709) Ottoman Empire (1710–1714) Cossack Hetmanate (1708–09)  Great Britain (1700, 1719–1921)	Victory against Sweden Treaty of Nystad
					Defeat by Ottoman Empire Treaty of the Pruth
1704–1711	Third Bashkir Rebellion	Bashkortostan and Tatarstan	Russia	Bashkir rebels	Military victory, political defeat Russian government forced to accept some Bashkir demands
1707–1708	Bulavin Rebellion	Southern Russia	Russia	Don Cossack rebels	Victory The rebellion is crushed
1717	Peter the Great's Khivan War	Khanate of Khiva	Russia	Khanate of Khiva	Defeat Russian invasion repelled
1717–1731	War with Abulhair	Kazakhstan and Siberia	Russia	Kazakh Khanate	Victory[22] Minor Jüz becomes a Russian vassal

Russian Empire (1721–1917)

Date	Conflict	Location	Russia and its allies	Opponent(s)	Result
1722–1723	Persian Expedition of Peter the Great	Caucasus and northern Iran	Russia Cossack Hetmanate Armenia Georgia	Persia	Victory Treaty of Saint Petersburg
1725–1778	Russian conquest of Chukotka	Chukotka	Russia Chuvans Koryaks Yukagirs	Chukchi people	Inconclusive Attempts to impose a tribute failed in the long run. The Chukchi accepted the agreement on submission, while maintaining a high degree of autonomy.
1733–1738	War of the Polish Succession Rhineland Depiction of the Siege of Danzig by Russian and Saxon forces in 1734	Poland	Poland under Augustus III  Russia  Austria  Saxony  Prussia	Poland–Lithuania under Stanisław Leszczyński  France  Spain  Sardinia	Indecisive Treaty of Vienna
1735–1739	Russo-Austro-Turkish War	Eastern Europe	Russia Cossack Hetmanate Austria	Ottoman Empire Crimea	Victory Russian victory Austrian defeat Treaty of Niš
1735–1740	Fourth Bashkir Rebellion	Bashkortostan	Russia pro-Russian Bashkirs	Bashkir rebels	Victory The rebellion is crushed Establishment of Orenburg
1740–1748	War of the Austrian Succession	Europe	Austria  Great Britain Hanover  Russia (1741–1743, 1748)  Dutch Republic  Saxony (1743–1745)  Sardinia	Prussia (1740–1742, 1744–45) Spain (1740–1746)  France Bavaria (1741–1745)  Saxony (1741–42) Naples  Genoa Sweden (1741–1743)	Inconclusive Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
					Victory against Sweden Treaty of Åbo
1756–1763	Seven Years' War Russian troops in Berlin in 1760	Europe and North America	France  Austria  Spain  Sweden  Russia (1756–1762)  Saxony	Prussia  Britain Hanover Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Portugal Hesse-Kassel Schaumburg-Lippe Iroquois Confederacy	White peace Treaty of Saint Petersburg Defeat of Russia's former allies
1768–1769	Koliivshchyna Rebellion Camp of Haidamakas	Ukraine	Russia Poland-Lithuania	Haidamaky	Victory The rebellion is crushed
1768–1772	War of the Bar Confederation Krakow capitulates to Suvorov	Poland	Russia	France Bar Confederation	Victory Treaty of Kuçuk Kainarji First Partition of Poland
1768–1774	Catherine the Great's First Turkish War Destruction of the Turkish fleet in the Battle of Chesma	Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Mediterranean	Russia	Ottoman Empire Crimea	Victory Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca
1773–1775	Pugachev's Rebellion Russian Cossack troops march during the rebellion	Russia	Russia	Rebels under Yemelyan Pugachev  Ottoman Empire	Victory The rebellion is crushed
1787–1792	Catherine the Great's Second Turkish War Russian troops storm the fortress of Ochakov	Eastern Europe	Russia	Ottoman Empire	Victory Treaty of Jassy
1783–1797	Syrym Datuly's rebellion	Kazakhstan	Russia	Kazakhs	Victory
1788–1790	Catherine the Great's Swedish War Russian fleet during the Battle of Vyborg Bay	Finland, western Sweden, and the Baltic Sea	Russia	Sweden	Inconclusive
1792	Catherine the Great's Polish War	Poland	Russia Targowica Confederation	Poland–Lithuania	Victory Second Partition of Poland
1794	Kościuszko Uprising Battle of Praga	Poland	Russia Prussia	Poland–Lithuania	Victory The uprising is crushed Third Partition of Poland; Poland ceases to exist as an independent country
1796	Persian Expedition of Catherine the Great	North Caucasus and South Caucasus	Russia	Persia	Victory
1799–1802	War of the Second Coalition Suvorov victorious at the Battle of Trebbia (1799)	Europe	Austria  Holy Roman Empire  Great Britain (United Kingdom from 1801)  Russia (until 1799) French Royalists Portugal  Two Sicilies  Ottoman Empire	French First Republic  Spain Denmark–Norway Polish Legions French client states	Withdrawal in 1799 French victory in 1802
1803–1806	War of the Third Coalition Capture of a French regiment's standard by the cavalry of the Russian Guards	Europe	Austria  Russia  United Kingdom Sicily Naples Portugal  Sweden	France French client states	Defeat Peace of Pressburg
1804–1813	Alexander I's Persian War Russian troops storm the fortress of Lankaran	North Caucasus, South Caucasus and northern Iran	Russia	Persia	Victory Treaty of Gulistan
1806–1807	War of the Fourth Coalition Russia troops clash with French troops at the Battle of Eylau	Eastern and Central Europe	Prussia  United Kingdom  Saxony  Sweden  Russia Naples	France French client states  Spain Confederation of the Rhine  Bavaria  Württemberg Italy Naples Polish Legions	Defeat Treaties of Tilsit
1806–1812	Alexander I's Turkish War Russian Fleet after the Battle of Athos	Romania, Moldova, Caucasus and Black Sea	Russia	Ottoman Empire	Victory Treaty of Bucharest
1807–1812	Anglo-Russian War	Baltic Sea and Barents Sea	Russia	United Kingdom	Inconclusive Treaty of Orebro
1808–1809	Finnish War Russian troops cross the Gulf of Bothnia on ice	Finland and Sweden	Russia	Sweden	Victory Treaty of Fredrikshamn
1809	War of the Fifth Coalition	Central Europe	France Confederation of the Rhine Italy Spain Duchy of Warsaw  Russia	Austria  United Kingdom Naples  Sardinia	Victory (limited involvement) Treaty of Schönbrunn
1812	French invasion of Russia General Raevsky leading a detachment of the Russian Imperial Guard at the Battle of Saltanovka	Russia	Russia	France French client states	Victory The French invasion is repelled Napoleon's Grand Army is destroyed and forced to retreat
1813–1814	War of the Sixth Coalition Russian troops entering Paris in 1814	Europe	Austria  Prussia  United Kingdom  Sweden  Russia Spain Portugal Naples  Sardinia	France French client states	Victory Treaty of Fontainebleau Treaty of Paris
1815	War of the Seventh Coalition	Europe	Austria  Prussia  United Kingdom  Russia Hanover Nassau Brunswick  Sweden  United Netherlands  Spain Portugal  Sardinia Two Sicilies Tuscany   Switzerland French Royalists	First French Empire Naples	Victory Treaty of Paris
1817–1864	Caucasian War Imam Shamil surrenders to Russian forces	Caucasus	Russia Mingrelia Guria	Caucasian Imamate Circassia Big Kabarda (until 1825) Abkhazian insurgents Kazi-Kumukh Dagestan free people Avaria (1829–1859) Svaneti	Victory Annexation of North Caucasus into Russia Surrender of Imam Shamil
1825	Decembrist revolt Decembrists at the Senate Square	Saint Petersburg	Russia	Decembrist rebels	Victory The revolt is crushed
1826–1836	Uprising of Sarzhan Kasimov [ru]	Kazakhstan	Russia	Kazakhs	Victory
1826–1828	Nicholas I's Persian War Russian and Persian troops clash near Elisabethpol	South Caucasus and northern Iran	Russia	Persia	Victory Treaty of Turkmenchay
1827	Greek War of Independence Russian squadron bombarding the Ottoman fleet	Greece	United Kingdom France  Russia	Ottoman Empire	Victory
1828–1829	Nicholas I's Turkish War Russian troops besiege Kars in 1828	Balkans and Caucasus	Russia	Ottoman Empire	Victory Treaty of Adrianople
1830–1831	November uprising Russian and Polish forces clash during the Battle of Ostrołęka	Poland	Russia	Poland	Victory The uprising is crushed
1836–1838	Bukey Horde uprising	Kazakhstan	Russia	Kazakhs	Victory
1837–1847	Kenesary's Rebellion	Kazakhstan	Russia	Kazakhs	Victory Fall of Kazakh Khanate
1839–1841	Second Turko-Egyptian War	Syria and Lebanon	United Kingdom Austria Russia Ottoman Empire	Egypt France Spain	Victory Egypt renounces its claim to Syria
1839–1840	Khivan campaign of 1839	Central Asia	Russia	Khanate of Khiva	Defeat
1841	Gurian rebellion	Georgia	Russia	Gurian rebels	Victory The rebellion is crushed
1842	Shoorcha rebellion	Tatarstan and Ulyanovsk	Russia	Tatar, Mari and Chuvash peasants	Victory The rebellion is crushed
1842–1868	Russian conquest of Bukhara	Central Asia	Russia	Emirate of Bukhara	Victory
1848–1849	Hungarian Revolution of 1848 Hungarian troops surrender to the Russians at Világos	Hungary	Austria Croatia Serbian Vojvodina Serbian volunteers Pro-Habsburg Hungarians Slovak National Council Transylvanian Romanians Chief Rus' Council [uk] Czech volunteers Bohemian and Moravian volunteers Transylvanian Saxons  Russia	Hungary Hungarian Slovenes Pro-Hungarian Slovaks Rusyns Zipser Germans Hungarian Germans Croats from Western Hungary and Međimurje Šokac and Bunjevac people Banat Bulgarians Polish legions German legion Viennese legion Italian legion	Victory The revolution is crushed
1850–1868	Russian conquest of Kokand Khanate	Central Asia	Russia	Khanate of Kokand	Victory
1853–1856	Crimean War Russian troops and French zouaves engaged in hand-to-hand combat at Malakhov Kurgan	Crimea, Balkans, Caucasus, Black Sea, Baltic Sea, White Sea and Far East	Russia	France  Ottoman Empire  United Kingdom  Sardinia	Defeat Treaty of Paris
1858	Mahtra Rebellion	Estonia	Russia	Estonian peasants	Victory The rebellion is crushed
1861	Bezdna Revolt	Tatarstan	Russia	Peasants	Victory The revolt is crushed
1863–1864	January Uprising Russian troops in Warsaw during the uprising	Poland	Russia	Polish, Lithuanian and Ukrainian insurgents	Victory The uprising is crushed
1866	Polish rebellion in Siberia	Siberia	Russia	Polish political exiles	Victory The rebellion is crushed
1868–1869	Uprising in the Ural and Turgai Oblasts	Kazakhstan	Russia	Kazakhs	Victory
1870	Adai Rebellion	Kazakhstan	Russia	Kazakhs	Victory
1873	Khivan campaign of 1873	Central Asia	Russia	Khanate of Khiva	Victory
1877–1878	Russo-Turkish War Russian troops entering Adrianople	Balkans and Caucasus	Russia Romania Bulgarian volunteers Serbia  Montenegro	Ottoman Empire	Victory Treaty of San Stefano Treaty of Berlin Reestablishment of the Bulgarian state De jure independence of Romania, Serbia and Montenegro from the Ottoman Empire The annexation of Kars and Batum into Russia
1897–1898	Cretan Revolt (1897–1898)	Crete	Cretan revolutionaries Greece  United Kingdom  France Italy Russia  Austria–Hungary (until April 12, 1898)  German Empire (until March 16, 1898)	Ottoman Empire	Victory Establishment of the Cretan State Withdrawal of Ottoman forces from Crete
1899–1901	Boxer Rebellion Russian troops in Pekin	China	Eight-Nation Alliance:  Japan  United Kingdom  Russia France  United States  Germany  Austria-Hungary  Italy	Yìhéquán  China	Victory
1902–1906	Rebellion in Guria	Georgia	Russia	Gurian Republic	Victory The rebellion is crushed
1904–1905	Russo-Japanese War Russian cavalry in a reconnaissance mission during the Battle of Mukden	Manchuria, Korean Peninsula and Yellow Sea	Russia	Japan	Defeat Treaty of Portsmouth
1905–1907	Russian Revolution of 1905 A barricade erected by revolutionaries in Moscow	Russia	Russia	Revolutionaries Supported by: Saint Petersburg Soviet Moscow City Duma Chita Republic Party of Socialist Revolutionaries Russian Social Democratic Labour Party Kagal	Victory Revolutionaries defeated Nicholas II retains the throne October Manifesto Constitution enacted Establishment of the State Duma
1905–1911	Persian Constitutional Revolution Russian flag over Arg of Tabriz	Iran	Persia  Russia (from 1906)	Iranian constitutionalists	Victory Russian occupation of Northern Iran until 1917
1911	Mongolian Revolution of 1911	Mongol heartland	Mongolian nationalists Supported by: Russia	China	Victory Stablishment of Bogd Khanate of Mongolia as independent of China. Tuva becomes a Russian protectorated called Uryankhay Krai
1914–1917	World War I Russian troops going to the front Attack of Russian cavalry Russian trenches in the forests of Sarikamish	Europe and Asia	Allied Powers (see list)	Central Powers:  Germany  Austria-Hungary  Ottoman Empire  Bulgaria	Defeat, later allied victory[23][24] Separate peace at Treaty of Brest-Litovsk Russian Civil War Paris Peace Conference
1917	February Revolution	Russia	Russia	Republicans: Kadets Octobrists Progressive Party Socialists: Socialist Revolutionary Party Russian Social Democratic Labour Party Mensheviks Bolsheviks	Revolution succeeds Tsar Nicholas II abdicates Period of dual power between the Provisional Government and the Petrograd Soviet Proclamation of the Russian Republic October Revolution and start of the Russian Civil War

Russian Republic (1917)

Date	Conflict	Location	Russia and its allies	Opponent(s)	Result
1917	October Revolution	Russia	Russia	Bolsheviks Petrograd Soviet Left SRs Red Guards	Revolution succeeds Dissolution of the Russian Provisional Government The Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets proclaims itself the supreme governing body in the country Constituent Assembly election held under heavy Bolshevik pressure Beginning of the Russian Civil War

Russian SFSR (1917–1922)

Date	Conflict	Location	Russia and its allies	Opponent(s)	Result
1917–1922	Russian Civil War	Eastern Europe to Central Asia and Far East	Russian SFSR  Far Eastern Republic Mongolian Communists Makhnovshchina Left SR Green armies	White Movement Mountain Republic Makhnovshchina Left SR Green armies  Britain  Japan  Czechoslovakia  Greece  United States  France  Serbia  Romania  Italy  China Mongolia	Victory of Bolshevik forces in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, South Caucasus, Central Asia, Tuva, and Mongolia; incorporation of those territories into the Soviet Union Victory for independence movements in Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland; expulsion of Bolshevik forces from those territories Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War withdraw from 1920 to 1925.
1917–1921	Ukrainian-Soviet War (Ukrainian War of Independence)	Ukraine and Eastern Poland	Russian SFSR Ukrainian SSR Makhnovshchina	Ukrainian People's Republic West Ukrainian People's Republic  German Empire (1918) Poland (1920–1921) Hetmanate of Ukraine White Movement  German Empire (1917–1918) Romania (1918) Poland (1918–1919) France (1919) Greece (1919)	Victory Formation of the Ukrainian SSR and its incorporation into the Soviet Union Destruction of the Ukrainian People's Republic
1917–1920	Central Powers intervention in the Russian Civil War Operation Faustschlag Crimea Operation (1918) German Caucasus expedition Armenian–Azerbaijani war (1918–1920)	Eastern Europe and Caucasus	Bolsheviks:  Russian SFSR Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic Commune of Estonia Lithuanian SSR Latvia Iskolat[d] Latvian SSR[e] Ukrainian Soviet Republics * Taurida SSR[f] Crimean SSR[g] Odessa SR[h] DK SR[i] Ukrainian SR[j] Rumcherod[k] Baku Commune[l] Makhnovshchina	Central Powers: In support of: White movement  Don Republic[25] Belarus  German Empire[m] Finland Georgia Crimea  Austria-Hungary[n]  Ottoman Empire[o] Azerbaijan  Ukrainian State Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus Landeswehr[p] Freikorps[q] Bermontians[r] Non-alligned Separatists: Estonia  Latvia  Lithuania Directorate of Ukraine[s] Czechoslovak Legion Transcaucasian Republic Supported by: Allied Powers:  United Kingdom  France and others	Pirric Victory Treaty of Brest-Litovsk is annuled, putting an end to German Mitteleuropa and Lebensraum, and Ottoman Pan-Turkist aspirations, against Russian economic independence. Planned German client states, such as United Baltic Duchy, Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, Kingdom of Lithuania and Kingdom of Poland, still fights for their independence and joins the Allies. Start of Finnish Civil War and Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
1917–1920	Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War North Russia intervention British campaign in the Baltic (1918–1919) Southern Russia intervention Siberian intervention Chinese occupation of Mongolia North Persia Force campaign Malleson mission	Northwest Russia, Southern Russia, Russian Central Asia and Siberia	Bolsheviks:  Soviet Russia  Far Eastern Republic (1920–1922)  Latvian SSR (1918–1920)  Ukrainian SSR (1922–1925) Mongolian People's Party Persian Socialist Soviet Republic Central Powers (until 1918):  Germany  Austria-Hungary  Ottoman Empire  Bulgaria	Allied Powers: White movement Czechoslovak Legion (1918–1919) Belgium (1918–1919)  United Kingdom (1918–1920)  Canada (1918–1919)  Australia (1918–1919)  India  South Africa[26]  United States (1918–1920)  France (1918–1920)  Japan (1918–1922)  China (1919–1921)  Poland[27]  Greece  Estonia  Latvia  Serbia  Italy  Romania  Ukrainian People's Republic (1918–1921) Mongolia Qajar Persia (1918–1920)	Stalemate Allied victory against Central Powers, taking advantage of former German and Ottoman Puppet states. Bolshevik pirric victory against Allied Powers incursions to support the White movement and some separatists movements, although loosing territories of former Russian Empire. Japanese war in Siberia continues alone until 1922.
1917–1918	Belarusian-Soviet conflict	Belarus	Russian SFSR Belarusian communists	Belarus  German Empire Poland	Temporarly defeat After German retreat, Soviet reconquest of Belarus and Polish–Soviet War.
1917–1920	Kazakhstan Campaign	Kazakhstan	Russian SFSR	Alash Autonomy White Movement	Victory Overthrow of the Alash Autonomy; incorporation of Kazakhstan into the Soviet Union
1918	Romanian intervention in Bessarabia	Moldavia and Bessarabia	Rumcherod (19–30 January) Odessa SR (30 January–8 March) Romanian Revolutionary Military Committee (Feb.) Moldavian Democratic Republic (pro-Bolshevik factions) Supported by: Soviet Russia Soviet Ukraine Odessa Committee for the Salvation of Bessarabia [ro]	Kingdom of Romania Transylvanians-Bukovinians Moldavian Democratic Republic (anti-Bolshevik factions)  Russian Republic  Ukrainian People's Republic  German Empire  Austria-Hungary	Defeat Start of Bessarabian question after Union of Bessarabia with Romania.
1918	Finnish Civil War	Finland	Russian SSR Red Guard	White Guard Germany	Defeat Victory of the White Guard in Finland; expulsion of Bolshevik forces and Finnish independence
1918–1929	Heimosodat	Finland, Karelia, Estonia and Northern Russia	Russian SFSR Finnish Red Guards Commune of Estonia  United Kingdom (Viena expedition and Petsamo expeditions)	Finnish White Guard Estonia Uhtua Forest Guerrillas North Ingria  United Kingdom (Estonian War of Independence)	Stalemate Finnish victory in Estonia and Petsamo Province Soviet victory in East Karelia and Northern Russia.
1918–1920	Armenian–Azerbaijani war	Caucasus	Russian SFSR Azerbaijani communists Armenian communists Turkish revolutionaries	Armenia Azerbaijan Ottoman Empire Republic of Aras (1918–1919)	Stalemate Start of Soviet invasion of Armenia and of Azerbaijan, along Turkish–Armenian War. End of Russo-Turkish wars in Caucassus.
1918	German Caucasus expedition	Caucasus	Russian SFSRBaku Commune Centrocaspian Dictatorship Armenian Revolutionary Federation  United Kingdom	German Empire Georgia  Ottoman Empire Azerbaijan	Inconclussive due to end of Caucasus campaign.
1918–1919	Sochi conflict	Georgia–Russia border	Russian SFSR Armed Forces of South Russia  Ottoman Empire	Georgia	Indecisive Sochi and Tuapse transferred to the Russian SFSR Gagra transferred to Georgia
1918–1919	German revolution of 1918–1919	Germany and Eastern Europe	Soviet Republics [Communists]: People's State of Bavaria Bavarian Soviet Republic Bremen Soviet Republic Würzburg Soviet Republic Alsace–Lorraine Soviet Republic Supported by:  Russian SFSR Revolutionaries [Socialdemocrats]: SPD (until 9 Nov. 1918) USPD (from 9 Nov. 1918) Spartacus League KPD (from 30 Dec. 1918) IKD Revolutionary Stewards FVdG	1918:  German Empire Imperial Army 1918–1919:  Weimar Republic Freikorps Reichswehr Der Stahlhelm SPD	Defeat Russian Bolsheviks didn't reach Germany after the Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919 and the intervention on Hungarian Revolution of 1919. Victory of non-communists in Germany.
1918–1919	Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919	Baltic region, East Slavic states, Southeast Europe and Central Europe	Russian SFSR Soviet Estonia Soviet Latvia Lithuanian-Byelorussian SSR Provisional Polish Revolutionary Committee Ukrainian SSR Finnish Red Guards[28]	White Movement Estonia  Latvia Lithuania Belarus Ukraine Poland  Romania  France  United Kingdom Ober Ost Finnish, Danish, and Swedish volunteers[29]	Stalemate Soviet victory on Belarus and occupation of Baltic states (start of Wars of Independence in Baltic States). Soviet defeat on Romania and Finland. Soviet inconclusive tie on Poland and Ukraine (start of Polish–Soviet War and 2nd phase of Ukrainian–Soviet War)
1918–1920	Latvian War of Independence	Latvia	Russian SFSR  Latvian SSR	Latvian Army  Estonia Lieven  Poland  Lithuania Supported by the Allied Powers VI Reserve Corps: Baltische Landeswehr Freikorps merged into the West Russian Volunteer Army in September 1919	Defeat Expulsion of Bolshevik forces from Latvia; Latvian independence
1918–1920	Estonian War of Independence	Estonia	Russian SFSR Commune of Estonia	Estonia  Latvia  United Kingdom White Movement Finnish, Danish, and Swedish volunteers Baltische Landeswehr	Defeat Expulsion of Bolshevik forces from Estonia; Estonian independence Treaty of Tartu
1918–1919	Lithuanian–Soviet War	Lithuania	Russian SFSR Lithuanian–Belorussian SSR	Republic of Lithuania  Saxon volunteers	Defeat Expulsion of Bolshevik forces from Lithuania; Lithuanian independence
1918–1920	Georgian-Ossetian Conflict	Georgia	Russian SFSR Ossetian rebels	Transcaucasian Federation Georgia	Defeat The Ossetian rebellion is crushed
1918–1922	Siberian intervention	Siberia, Sakhalin and Northern China	Russian SFSR  Far Eastern Republic Mongolian Communists Supported by: Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea	Russian State Zelenyi Klyn Allied Powers:  Japan Czechoslovakia  Poland  United States  Italy  United Kingdom  Canada China  France Mongolia	Victory Bolshevik forces consolidates control over Russian Far East. Soviet–Japanese Basic Convention
1918–20	Revolutions and interventions in Hungary	Hungary, Slovakia, Romania and Croatia	Hungarian Republic Hungarian SR Slovak SR Supported by: Soviet Russia	Kingdom of Hungary  Czechoslovakia Romania  State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs  Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes Republic of Prekmurje Hutsul Republic Supported by: France	Defeat Victory of Counter-Revolutionaries in Hungary. Fall of Hungarian Soviet Republic Victory of Anti-Hungarian separatists. Cordon sanitaire backed by France is stablished against Bolshevik Russia and Weimar Germany.
1918–19	Hungarian–Romanian War	Transylvania and Bessarabia	Kingdom of Hungary (13 November 1918 – 16 November 1918)  Hungarian Republic (16 November 1918 – 21 March 1919)  Soviet Hungary (from 21 March 1919) Supported by:  Soviet Russia	Romania Supported by:  France	Defeat Union of Bessarabia with Romania is consolidated Union of Transylvania with Romania is consolidated.
1918–19	Hungarian–Czechoslovak War	Hungary–Slovakia border	Hungarian Republic (until 21 March 1919)  Soviet Hungary (from 21 March 1919) Slovak SR Supported by:  Soviet Russia Bessarabian SSR	Czechoslovakia Hungarian anti-communists Supported by:  France  Romania	Defeat Dissolution of the short-lived Slovak Soviet Republic
1919	Khotyn Uprising	Bessarabia	Committee for the Salvation of Bessarabia Ukrainian and Moldovan insurgents  Ukrainian SSR Red Guard	Romania Ukraine	Defeat
1919	Bender Uprising	Bessarabia	Ukrainian SSR Red Guard	Romania France	Defeat
1919–1921	Polish–Soviet War	Poland, Vilnius,Western Belorussia and Ukraine	Russian SFSR  Ukrainian SSR  Byelorussian SSR Polrewkom	Poland  Ukrainian nationalists  Belarusian nationalists  Latvia	Defeat Bolshevik forces expelled from Poland Peace of Riga Destruction of the Ukrainian People's Republic
1919–1923	Turkish War of Independence	Turkey and Caucasus	Turkey  Russian SFSR[30]	Greece  United Kingdom  Armenia	Victory Overthrow of the Ottoman sultanate Establishment of the Republic of Turkey
1920	Invasion of Azerbaijan	Azerbaijan	Russian SFSR  Azerbaijan SSR	Azerbaijan	Victory Overthrow of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic government; incorporation of Azerbaijan into the Soviet Union
1920	Invasion of Armenia	Armenia	Russian SFSR	Armenia	Victory Overthrow of the First Republic of Armenia; incorporation of Armenia into the Soviet Union
1915–1921	Jungle Movement insurrection on Gilan Anzali Operation	Iran	Persian SSR Jungle revolutionaries Supported by: Soviet Russia (since 1920)	Qajar Iran Persian Cossack Brigade  Russian Empire (1915–1917) White movement (since 1920)  British Empire	Defeat Anglo-Soviet Trade Agreement forces the retreat of Bolsheviks and Soviet Caspian Flotilla from northern Iran.
1921	Invasion of Georgia	Georgia	Russian SFSR  Azerbaijan SSR Turkey	Georgia	Victory Overthrow of the Democratic Republic of Georgia; incorporation of Georgia into the Soviet Union
1921	Red army incursion on Altay	Xinjiang (Chinese Turkestan)	Russian SFSR Mongolian People's Party  China	White Movement Orenburg Cossacks	Victory Andrei Bakich anti-bolshevik resistance fled to Mongolia, starting Soviet intervention in Mongolia.
1921	Soviet intervention in Mongolia	Mongolia, Tuva and Northern China	Russian SFSR Mongolian People's Party	Mongolia Supported by: White Movement Asiatic Cavalry Division  China Anhui clique Supported by: Japan[31][32]	Victory Mongolian Revolution of 1921 success in overthrown the Bogd Khan. Provisional People's Republic of Mongolia established as a protectorate. End of Chinese occupation of Mongolia.
1921	Free City Incident	Russian Far East	Russian SFSR  Far Eastern Republic Korean Revolutionary Military Government Council Irkutsk Faction (Korean Communist Party)	Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea Shanghai Faction (Korean Communist Party)	Victory Korean Independence Army is dismantled due to Japanese pression
1921	1921 Persian coup d'état	Iran	Jangalis Simko Kurdish rebels Colonel Pesian's forces Supported by:  Russian SFSR	Qajar Iran Persian Cossack Brigade Supported by: United Kingdom	Defeat Suppression of Colonel Pessian's revolt and dissolution of the Autonomous Government of Khorasan Dissolution of the Republic of Gilan after Mirza Kuchik Khan lost support from Vladimir Lenin. Russo-Persian Treaty of Friendship (1921) White Russian counter-revolutionary forces who fled to Iran, along Communist Party of Persia, are repressed by Persian Monarchy
1921–1922	East Karelian Uprising	East Karelia	Russian SFSR	Forest Guerrillas Finnish volunteers	Victory The uprising is crushed

Russia and the Soviet Union (1916–1934)

Date	Conflict	Location	Russia and its allies	Opponent(s)	Result
1916–1934	Central Asian Revolt Soviet troops on Turkestan front in 1922	Central Asia	Russian Empire (until 1917)  Russian SFSR Turkestan ASSR Kirghiz ASSR  Soviet Union (from 1922)	Basmachi Khiva Bukhara Afghanistan	Victory The revolt is crushed

Soviet Union (1922–1991)

Date	Conflict	Location	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
1916–1934	Central Asian Revolt Soviet troops on Turkestan front in 1922	Central Asia	Russian Empire (until 1917)  Russian SFSR Turkestan ASSR Kirghiz ASSR  Soviet Union (from 1922)	Basmachi Khiva Bukhara Afghanistan	Victory The revolt is suppressed
1924	August Uprising[citation needed]		Soviet Union	Damkom	Victory The uprising is suppressed Consolidation of Soviet rule in the Georgian SSR
1925–1926	Urtatagai conflict		Soviet Union	Emirate of Afghanistan	Defeat Peace Treaty Urtatagui is seized back to Afghanistan Afghanistan agreement to restrain Basmachi border raids
1929	Sino-Soviet conflict		Soviet Union	China	Victory The provisions of the 1924 agreement are upheld
1929	Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1929) Part of the Afghan Civil War (1928–1929)		Soviet Union Kingdom of Afghanistan	Emirate of Afghanistan Saqqawists Basmachi	Defeat The Soviet Union failed to change the situation in the country Red Army withdrawal of Afghanistan back to the USSR Civil war continues Afghan Civil War (1928–1929)
1930	Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1930)		Soviet Union	Basmachi	Victory
1932	Chechen uprising of 1932 [ru][citation needed]		Soviet Union	Chechen rebels	Victory The uprising is suppressed
1932–1941	Soviet–Japanese border conflicts		Soviet Union  Mongolia	Japan  Manchukuo	Victory Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact
1934	Soviet invasion of Xinjiang		Soviet Union Xinjiang clique White Movement Torgut Mongols	China	Stalemate Xinjiang divided in two
(1936–39)	Spanish Civil War	Spain	Spain People's Army Popular Front UGT CNT-FAI Generalitat de Catalunya Euzko Gudarostea Supported by:  Soviet Union  Mexico Volunteers International Brigades	Nationalist faction FET y de las JONS[t] FE de las JONS[u] Requetés/CT[u] CEDA[u] Renovación Española[u] Army of Africa Supported by: Italy Germany Portugal	Defeat Nationalist faction victory Fall of the Second Spanish Republic Beginning of Franco's regime
1937	Islamic Rebellion in Xinjiang[citation needed]		Xinjiang  Soviet Union White Movement	China	Victory Rebellion is suppressed Establishment of the rule of Sheng Shicai's Soviet puppet regime over the whole territory of Xinjiang province
1939	Soviet invasion of Poland (Part of World War II)		Germany  Soviet Union  Slovakia	Poland	Victory Partition of Polish territory (Fourth Partition of Poland) between Nazi Germany, Soviet Union and Slovakia
1939–1940	Winter War (Part of World War II)		Soviet Union	Finland	Inconclusive Soviet invasion of Finland repelled and the planned conquest of Finland fails Moscow Peace Treaty Cession of the Gulf of Finland islands, Karelian Isthmus, Ladoga Karelia, Salla, and Rybachy Peninsula, and lease of Hanko to the Soviet Union Expulsion of the Soviet Union from the League of Nations
1940	Occupation and annexation of the Baltic states (Part of World War II)		Soviet Union	Estonia  Latvia  Lithuania	Victory Occupation and annexation of the Baltic states into the Soviet Union by the Red Army
1940	Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina (part of World War II)		Soviet Union	Romania	Victory Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina and the Hertsa region annexed into the Soviet Union; formation of the Moldavian SSR
1941–1945	World War II		Allied Powers:  Soviet Union  United States  United Kingdom  China  France  Poland  Canada  Australia  New Zealand  India  South Africa Yugoslavia  Greece  Denmark  Norway  Netherlands  Belgium  Luxembourg  Czechoslovakia  Brazil  Mexico	Axis Powers:  Germany  Japan  Italy  Hungary  Romania  Bulgaria  Slovakia  Croatia  Thailand  Manchukuo  Mengjiang Wang Jingwei regime	Victory Debellation of the Third Reich Fall of Japanese and Italian Empires Creation of the United Nations Emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as rival superpowers Beginning of the Cold War
1944–1960s	Anti-communist insurgencies in Central and Eastern Europe[citation needed] Guerrilla war in Ukraine (Part of World War II from 1944 to 1945) Guerrilla war in the Baltic states Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1953)		Soviet Union  East Germany  Polish People's Republic  Czechoslovak Socialist Republic  Hungarian People's Republic  Socialist Republic of Romania  People's Republic of Bulgaria  Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia	Ukrainian Insurgents Polish Insurgents Estonian Insurgents Latvian Insurgents Lithuanian Insurgents Bulgarian Insurgents Serbian Insurgents Croatian Insurgents Romanian Insurgents German Insurgents Hungarian Insurgents	Victory The independence movements are suppressed Soviet hegemony in Eastern Europe preserved
1945	Soviet–Japanese War (Part of World War II)		Soviet Union  Mongolia	Japan  Manchukuo	Victory Karafuto Prefecture annexed into the Soviet Union and incorporated into the Sakhalin Oblast of the Russian SFSR The Kuril Islands annexed into the Soviet Union and incorporated into the Russian SFSR The liberation of Manchuria, Inner Mongolia, and northern Korea, and the collapse of the Japanese puppet states therein The partition of the Korean Peninsula; the Soviet Union occupies North Korea Manchuria and Inner Mongolia returned to China
1946–1954	First Indochina War		France  State of Vietnam  Kingdom of Laos  Cambodia	Viet Minh Khmer Issarak Pathet Lao  Japan Japanese holdout Supported by:  Soviet Union  China	Victory Withdrawal of French forces from Indochina Democratic Republic of Vietnam independence recognized State of Vietnam, Kingdom of Laos and Kingdom of Cambodia achieve independence Vietnam was partitioned between North (controlled by the Việt Minh) and South (controlled by the State of Vietnam)
1950–1953	Korean War		North Korea  China  Soviet Union	United Nations  South Korea  United States  United Kingdom  Australia  Belgium  Canada  France  Philippines  Colombia  Ethiopia  Greece  Luxembourg  Netherlands  New Zealand  South Africa  Thailand  Turkey	Ceasefire Establishment of the Korean DMZ Minor territorial changes
1955–1975	Vietnam War		North Vietnam Viet Cong and PRG Pathet Lao GRUNK (1970–1975) Khmer Rouge  China  Soviet Union  North Korea	South Vietnam  United States  South Korea  Australia  New Zealand  Laos Cambodia (1967–1970) Khmer Republic (1970–1975)  Thailand  Philippines	Victory Withdrawal of American forces from Indochina North Vietnamese victory over South Vietnam Dissolution of the Republic of Vietnam South Vietnam annexed by North Vietnam Soviet-aligned communist governments take power in South Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia
1953	East German Uprising[citation needed]		Soviet Union  East Germany	East German demonstrators	Victory The uprising is suppressed
1956	Hungarian Revolution[citation needed]		Soviet Union ÁVH	Revolutionaries	Victory The revolution is suppressed
1961	Vlora Incident[citation needed]		Soviet Union Warsaw Pact:[33][34]  Bulgaria  Czechoslovakia  East Germany  Hungary  Poland	Albania	Soviet-Warsaw Pact defeat Withdrawal of soviet marines[35] and technicians Warsaw Pact capture of Pasha Liman Base failed[36]
1968	Invasion of Czechoslovakia[citation needed]		Soviet Union Bulgaria  East Germany Hungary Poland	Czechoslovakia	Victory The Prague Spring is suppressed Moscow Protocol Soviet military presence in Czechoslovakia until 1991
1969	Sino-Soviet border conflict		Soviet Union	China	Victory (status quo ante bellum)[37] Tactical Soviet victory[38] Strategic Soviet victory: ceasefire agreement signed[37] 1991 Sino-Soviet Border Agreement[37]
1969–1970	War of Attrition		Egypt  Soviet Union	Israel	Inconclusive Continuation of Israeli occupation of Sinai
1975–1991	Angolan Civil War		MPLA  Cuba  Brazil  Soviet Union SWAPO MK	South Africa UNITA FNLA FLEC	Victory Three Powers Accord Withdrawal of all foreign forces from Angola Independence of Namibia
1977–1978	Ethio-Somali War		Ethiopia  Cuba  South Yemen  Soviet Union	Somalia WSLF	Victory Somalia breaks all ties with the Soviet Bloc
1979–1989	Soviet–Afghan War		Soviet Union Democratic Republic of Afghanistan	Afghan Mujahideen	Defeat Failure to suppress the Afghan mujahideen insurgency Geneva Accords of 1988 Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan Beginning of the Afghan Civil War[39]

This section is an excerpt from List of wars involving the Soviet Union.[edit]

This is a list of wars involving the Soviet Union (30 December 1922 – 26 December 1991).

  Victory

  Defeat

  Another result*

*e.g. result unknown or indecisive/inconclusive, result of internal conflict inside the Soviet Union, status quo ante bellum, or a treaty or peace without a clear result.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Russian Federation (1991–present)

Further information: List of battles involving the Russian Federation

Date	Conflict	Location	Russia and its allies	Opponent(s)	Result for Russia
1991–1993	Georgian Civil War	Georgia	Government of Georgia Supported by  Russia	Zviad Gamsakhurdia's government in exile Zviadists	Victory Zviadist revolt crushed
1991–1992	South Ossetian War	South Ossetia	South Ossetia  Russia	Georgia	Victory South Ossetia gains de facto independence
1992–1993	War in Abkhazia	Abkhazia	Abkhazia  Russia[v] Confederation of Mountain Peoples of the Caucasus	Georgia UNA-UNSO	Victory Abkhazia gained de facto independence
1992	Transnistria War PMR trucks on the bridge between Tiraspol and Bendery	Transnistria	Transnistria  Russia 14th Guards Army (elements)[40][41][42][43] Don Cossacks[44] Kuban Cossacks Ukrainian volunteers UNA-UNSO.[45][46]	Moldova Romanian volunteers and military advisers[40][47][48]	Victory Transnistria gains de facto independence
1992–1997	Tajikistani Civil War Spetsnaz troops dismount an APC during the war	Tajikistan	/ Tajikistan / Russia  Uzbekistan / Kazakhstan / Kyrgyzstan / Turkmenistan Supported by / Belarus[49] (weapons supplies)	United Tajik Opposition Afghanistan (until 1996) Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin (until 1996) Taliban factions[w] Supported by al-Qaeda[51] Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan	Victory United Nations-sponsored armistice
1994–1996	First Chechen War A Russian Mil Mi-8 helicopter brought down by Chechen fighters near the Chechen capital of Grozny in 1994.	Chechnya	Russia Loyalist opposition	Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Foreign volunteers: Foreign Mujahideen[52][53][54][55] UNA-UNSO[56] Grey Wolves[57][58][59][60]	Defeat[61] Withdrawal of Russian forces from Chechnya Khasav-Yurt Accord De facto independence of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, but de jure it remains a part of the Russian Federation
1999	War of Dagestan	Dagestan	Russia	IIPB	Victory Start of the Second Chechen War
1999–2009	Second Chechen War A farewell ceremony for the 331st Airborne Regiment of the 98th Airborne Division withdrawn from Chechnya	Chechnya	Russia Provisional Council (until 2000) Chechen Republic (from 2000)	Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (1999–2007) Caucasian Front (2005–2007) Caucasus Emirate (2007–2009) North Caucasian volunteers Mujahideen[62][63][64][65] Grey Wolves[57][58][59]	Victory Fall and exile of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Establishment of the Chechen Republic Beginning of the insurgency in the North Caucasus Chechnya reincorporated back into Russia
2008	Russo-Georgian War Russian BMP-2 from the 58th Army in South Ossetia	Georgia, South Ossetia and Abkhazia	Russia  South Ossetia  Abkhazia	Georgia	Victory Occupation of Abkhazia and South Ossetia
2014–present	Russo-Ukrainian War Russian unidentified special forces take control of a Ukrainian military garrison in Crimea	Ukraine	Russia  Donetsk People's Republic  Luhansk People's Republic Supported by  Belarus (since 2022)[x] North Korea (since 2024)[66][67][68]	Ukraine Supported by: see List of foreign aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War	Ongoing 2014 Russian annexation of Crimea War in Donbas Minsk Protocol, an un-implemented ceasefire agreement 2021–22 Russo-Ukrainian crisis 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine Annexation of Southern and Eastern Ukraine
2015–2024	Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War Two Tupolev Tu-22M3s bombing in the Deir ez-Zor area, 2017	Syria	Russia  Iran  Syrian Arab Republic Humanitarian support:  Armenia[69][70] In support of: Syrian Democratic Forces (2016[71][72][73]–2017[74][75])  Russia In support of:  Turkey[76] (2017, against ISIL during Operation Euphrates Shield)	Al-Qaeda Al-Nusra Front (2013–2016) Jabhat Fath al-Sham (2016–2017) Jund al-Aqsa (2017–2018) Guardians of Religion (2018–2025) Islamic State Army of Conquest (2015–2017)[77] Supported by:  Turkey[78][79]  Saudi Arabia (2015–2017)[80][81]  Qatar[81] Syrian Salvation Government Tahrir al-Sham (2017–2025) Supported by:  Qatar  Turkey (2017-present)  Syrian opposition Free Syrian Army[82] Syrian Turkmen Brigades[83][84] Jaysh al-Islam[85] Supported by:  Turkey[86]  Saudi Arabia (2015–2017)[80][87]  United States (2015–2017)[88][89][90][91][a] Syrian Democratic Forces (2017–present)[92]	Syrian opposition victory Russian forces fail to prevent the fall of the Assad regime Russian forces begin withdrawal after the 2024 opposition offensives Continued Russian presence at the Tartus naval base and Khmeimim Air Base Islamic State loses all territory in Syria
2018–present	Central African Republic Civil War Delivery of Russian BRDM-2 armored vehicles to Central African Republic, October 2020	Central African Republic	Russia  Central African Republic  Rwanda	Coalition of Patriots for Change	Ongoing
2021–present[93]	Mali War	Mali	Russia  Mali	Al-Qaeda  Islamic State	Ongoing
2024–present[94]	Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso	Burkina Faso	Russia  Burkina Faso	Al-Qaeda  Islamic State	Ongoing

See also

• Armed Forces of the Russian Federation – Military forces of the Russian FederationPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
• History of Russia
• Military history of Russia
• List of wars – Overview of and topical guide to warPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets (Category:Lists of wars)
• List of wars between Russia and Sweden
• List of wars involving Armenia
• List of wars involving Azerbaijan
• List of wars involving Belarus
• List of wars involving Estonia
• List of wars involving Finland
• List of wars and battles involving Galicia–Volhynia
• List of wars involving Georgia (country)
• List of wars involving Kazakhstan
• List of wars involving Kyrgyzstan
• List of wars involving Latvia
• List of wars involving Lithuania
• List of wars involving Moldova
• List of wars involving the Novgorod Republic
• List of wars involving Poland
  • List of armed conflicts involving Poland against Russia
• List of wars involving Tajikistan
• List of wars involving Turkey
• List of wars involving Ukraine
• List of wars involving Uzbekistan

Notes

1. The veracity of this conflict is in doubt.
2. The Principality of Moscow or Muscovy (1263–1547) evolved out of the Principality of Vladimir-Suzdal (existed 12th–13th century), and became the Tsardom of Russia in 1547.^[3]
3. The title 'Grand Prince of Vladimir' was mostly titular by the early 14th century.
4. 1917–1918
5. 1918–20
6. 1918
7. 1919
8. 1918
9. 1918
10. 1918
11. 1918
12. 1918
13. 1917–1918
14. 1917–1918
15. 1917–1918
16. 1918–20
17. 1918–19
18. 1918–20
19. 1919
20. The only party under Francisco Franco from 1937 onward, a merger of the other factions on the Nationalist side.
21. 1936–1937, then merged into FET y de las JONS
22. Disputed: see Russia's role in the War in Abkhazia
23. The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, which was headed by the Taliban and governed 90% of Afghanistan, officially declared their neutrality in the conflict, though several Taliban factions went on to fight on the side of the opposition nonetheless.^[50]
24. For further details, see Belarusian involvement in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine