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The following is a list of major conflicts fought by Ukraine, by Ukrainian people or by regular armies during periods when independent states existed on the modern territory of Ukraine, from the Kievan Rus' times to the present day. It also includes wars fought outside Ukraine by Ukrainian military.
Kievan Rus' is considered the first Ukrainian state (together with Belarus and Russia), the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia (Ruthenia) its political successor, and after the period of domination by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth the Cossack states (the Cossack Hetmanate and the Zaporozhian Sich).[1] The Ukrainian Cossacks were also related to the Ottoman Empire and the Crimean Khanate, having many conflicts with them. By the late 18th century, Ukraine didn't have independent states anymore, because it was ruled by the more powerful states of the time, namely the Ottoman Empire, the Russian Empire and the Austrian Empire.[2][3] There were several internal armed conflicts between various Ukrainian ideological factions (sometimes with foreign support) in the first half of the 20th century (especially during the 1917–1921 Ukrainian War of Independence and the 1939–1945 Second World War), but modern Ukrainian militaries (since 1917) have been mostly fighting with armies of neighbouring states, such as the Russian Provisional Government (Kiev Bolshevik Uprising November 1917), the Russian SFSR (Ukrainian War of Independence 1917–1921), the Second Polish Republic (Polish–Ukrainian War 1918–1919), Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union (Second World War and post-War resistance),[1] and since 2014, the Russian Federation (Russo-Ukrainian War).
Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
830s | Paphlagonian expedition of the Rus' | Kievan Rus' | Byzantine Empire | Unclear. The historicity of this conflict is questioned |
860 | Rus'–Byzantine War (860) | Kievan Rus' | Byzantine Empire | Victory. The historicity of this conflict is questioned |
c. 880s, c. 913, 943, 965, c. 1041[d] | Caspian expeditions of the Rus' | Kievan Rus' | Southern Caspian coastal regions | Unclear |
907 | Rus'–Byzantine War (907) | Kievan Rus' | Byzantine Empire | Victory[12] |
920–1036 | Rus'–Pecheneg wars | Kievan Rus' | Pechenegs | Victory
|
941 | Rus'–Byzantine War (941) | Kievan Rus' | Byzantine Empire | Defeat |
944/945 | Rus'-Byzantine War (944/945) | Kievan Rus' | Byzantine Empire | Victory.[13] The historicity of this conflict is questioned.[e] |
945–947 | Olga's Revenge on the Drevlians | Kievan Rus' | Drevlians | Olga victory. The historicity of this conflict is questioned |
965–969 | Khazar campaign of Svyatoslav | Kievan Rus' | Khazar Khaganate | Victory
|
967/968–971 | Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria | Kievan Rus' | Byzantine Empire | Defeat
|
c. 972–980 | Feud of the Svyatoslavychivi[15]
|
Kievan Rus'
|
Kievan Rus' | Volodimer victory |
c. 981 | Polish campaign of Volodimer I | Kievan Rus' (Volodimer I of Kiev) | Duchy of Poland (Mieszko I?) | Victory
|
985 | Volodimer I of Kiev's campaign against Volga Bulgaria | Kievan Rus' | Volga Bulgaria | Military victory, then agreement |
987–989 | Rebellion of Bardas Phokas the Younger | Byzantine emperor Basil II Kievan Rus' |
Bardas Phokas the Younger | Agreement |
997 | Norwegian Raid of the Rus[citation needed] | Kievan Rus' | Norwegian Vikings[citation needed] | Defeat
|
1015–1019 | Kievan succession crisis (also known as Feud of the Volodymyrovychi
|
Kievan Rus' loyal to Svyatopolk I Duchy of Poland (1018) Kingdom of Hungary (1018) |
Kievan Rus' loyal to Yaroslav I | Yaroslav victory |
1022 | Yaroslav the Wise's attack on Brest | Kievan Rus' | Duchy of Poland | Defeat |
1024 | Battle of Listven | Kievan Rus' Yaroslav the Wise |
Principality of Chernigov Mstislav of Chernigov |
Chernigovian victory |
1024 | Rus'–Byzantine War (1024) | Kievan Rus' | Byzantine Empire | Defeat |
1030 | Yaroslav the Wise's campaign against the Chud | Kievan Rus' | Chud | Victory
|
1030–1031 | Yaroslav the Wise's campaign for the Cherven Cities | Kievan Rus' | Duchy of Poland | Victory |
c. 1038–1047 | Miecław's Rebellion | Duchy of Poland Kievan Rus' |
Miecław's State Duchy of Pomerelia Yotvingians |
Polish victory |
1042–1228 | Finnish–Novgorodian wars | Kievan Rus' (until 1136) | Yem people | Various results, mostly victories[citation needed]
|
1043 | Rus'–Byzantine War (1043) | Kievan Rus' | Byzantine Empire | Defeat |
1061 | Sosols raid against Pskov[citation needed] | Kievan Rus' | Sosols | Defeat
|
c. 1068–1185 | Rus'-Cuman battles | Kievan Rus' | Cuman–Kipchak Confederation | Mixed results, mostly Kievan Rus' victories |
1065–1069[17] | Rebellion of Vseslav of Polotsk[17]
|
Principality of Kiev Principality of Chernigov Principality of Pereyaslavl Kingdom of Poland (1069) |
Principality of Polotsk | Allied victory
|
1074[citation needed] | Bolesław II the Generous's raid on Kievan Rus' | Kievan Rus' | Kingdom of Poland | Defeat |
1076 | Bolesław II the Generous's raid on Bohemia | Kingdom of Poland Kievan Rus'[18] | Duchy of Bohemia | Polish–Kievan victory[citation needed] |
1076–1077 | Kievan succession crisis[19]
|
Iziaslav Yaroslavich Kingdom of Poland Boris Sviatoslavich |
Vsevolod Yaroslavich | Compromise
|
1078 | Chernigov succession crisis[19] | Iziaslav Yaroslavich † Yaropolk Iziaslavich Vsevolod Yaroslavich Vladimir Monomakh |
Oleg Sviatoslavich Boris Sviatoslavich Cumans |
Iziaslav–Vsevolod victory[19] |
1092 | Kievan–Cuman raid on Poland[20] | Kievan Rus' Cuman–Kipchak Confederation |
Kingdom of Poland | Kievan–Cuman victory |
1093 | Cuman invasion of Kievan Rus'
|
Kievan Rus' | Cuman–Kipchak Confederation | Defeat |
1093–1097 | Chernihiv war of succession[f] | Izyaslavychi: Svyatopolk II Izyaslavych of Kyiv Monomakhi: |
Svyatoslavychi: Oleh Svyatoslavych of Chernihiv Davyd Svyatoslavych of Smolensk |
Council of Liubech[22] |
1096-1116 | Monomakh's campaign against the Cumans
|
Kievan Rus' | Cuman–Kipchak Confederation | Victory [23] |
1097–1100 | Internecine war in Rus' 1097–1100 | Kievan Rus' Kingdom of Hungary Principality of Volhynia (until 1098) |
Principality of Peremyshl Zvenyhorod Principality Principality of Terebovlya Principality of Volhynia (from 1098) |
Peremyshl victory |
1101 | Kievan–Cuman raid on Poland[citation needed] | Kievan Rus' Cuman–Kipchak Confederation |
Kingdom of Poland | Kievan–Cuman victory |
1120 | Kievan–Cuman raid on Poland[20] | Kievan Rus' Cuman–Kipchak Confederation |
Kingdom of Poland | Kievan–Cuman victory |
1132–1134 | 1132–1134 Pereyaslavl succession crisis[24]
|
Yaropolk II Volodimerovich of Kiev Vsevolod Mstislavich of Pskov Iziaslav Mstislavich of Volhynia |
|
Compromise[26]
|
c. 1132–1350[27] | Swedish–Novgorodian Wars | Kievan Rus' (until 1136) | Kingdom of Sweden Kingdom of Norway (from 1319) |
Stalemate after Black Death[27] |
1139–1142 | 1139–1142 Kievan succession crisis[28]
|
Novgorod Republic (repeatedly switched sides) |
Novgorod Republic (repeatedly switched sides) |
Mixed results
|
1146–1159 | 1146–1159 Kievan succession crisis[25] (also known as Internecine war in Rus' 1146–1154 )
|
Iziaslavichi (senior Mstislavichi):
|
Rostislavichi (junior Mstislavichi):
|
Mixed results
|
1147 | Bolesław IV the Curly's raid on Old Prussians[citation needed] | Bolesław IV the Curly Kievan Rus' | Old Prussians | Bolesław IV the Curly's victory |
1167–1169 | 1167–1169 Kievan succession crisis
|
Iziaslavichi of Volhynia | Andrey Bogolyubsky's coalition | Coalition victory
|
1171–1173 | 1171–1173 Kievan succession crisis[37]
|
Kiev and allies
|
Andrey's second coalition
|
Kiev & Rostislavichi victory[37]
|
1174–1177 | Internecine war in Vladimir-Suzdal 1174–1177[37]
|
Yurievichi of Suzdalia | Yurievichi of Suzdalia | Vsevolod the Big Nest's victory[37] |
1187 | Ruthenian raid on Lesser Poland[citation needed] | Principality of Halych | Casimir II the Just | Victory |
1188–1189 | Béla III's military campaign against Halych | Principality of Halych | Kingdom of Hungary | Defeat |
1189 | Casimir II the Just's raid on Halych[citation needed] | Kingdom of Hungary Principality of Halych | Casimir II the Just | Defeat |
1195–1196 | Internecine war in Rus' 1195–1196
|
Olgovichi | Monomakhovichi | Indecisive |
1203–1234 | Campaigns of Rus' princes against the Livonian Brothers of the Sword (see also Livonian Crusade) |
Kievan Rus' | Livonian Brothers of the Sword | Defeat |
1205 | Roman the Great's raid on Poland | Principality of Galicia–Volhynia | Leszek I the White | Defeat. Death of Roman the Great. |
1206–1210 | Internecine war in Rus' 1206–1210 |
|
|
Mixed results
|
1207 | Leszek I the White's raid on Rus'[citation needed] | Principality of Galicia–Volhynia | Leszek I the White Konrad I of Masovia | Defeat |
1212–1216 | Vladimir-Suzdal war of succession[39]
|
Konstantin of Rostov Mstislav Mstislavich |
Yuri II of Vladimir Yaroslav II of Vladimir |
Konstantin victory |
1213–1214, 1219, 1233–1234 | Andrew II's military campaigns against Halych[citation needed] | Principality of Galicia–Volhynia | Kingdom of Hungary | Victory. Hungarian retreat. |
1214 | Leszek I the White's raid on Volodymyr-Volynskyi | Principality of Galicia–Volhynia | Leszek I the White Kingdom of Hungary | Defeat |
1218–1221 | Polish–Hungarian–Ruthenian War[citation needed] | Principality of Galicia–Volhynia | Leszek I the White Kingdom of Hungary | Victory |
1223 | Battle of the Kalka River (first Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus') |
Principality of Kiev Principality of Galicia–Volhynia Principality of Chernigov Principality of Smolensk |
Mongol Empire Brodnici |
Crushing defeat
|
1226 | Chernihiv internecine war (1226) | Michael Vsevolodovych Yuri Vsevolodovych Vasylko Kostiantynovych Vsevolod Kostiantynovych |
Oleh of Kursk | Michael victory |
1228–1236/40 | Internecine war in Rus' 1228–1240
|
Daniel of Galicia victory | ||
1236–1237
|
War between Konrad I of Masovia and Galicia–Volhynia[citation needed]
|
Principality of Galicia–Volhynia | Konrad I of Masovia | Victory |
1237–1241 | Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus' (second) (see also List of battles of the Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus') |
Kievan Rus' | Mongol Empire Brodnici |
Decisive defeat[c]
|
This is a list of wars involving Kievan Rus' (c. 9th century–1240).[a] These wars involved Kievan Rus' (also known as Kyivan Rus'[8]) as a whole, or some of its principalities[b] up to 1240.[c]
*e.g. result unknown or indecisive/inconclusive, result of internal conflict inside Kievan Rus', status quo ante bellum, or a treaty or peace without a clear result.
Following the end of Kievan Rus' in 1240, it split into many Rus' principalities. The Principality, later Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia (Ruthenia) would control most of the territory of modern Ukraine for a century, after which the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Crown of the Kingdom of Poland would dominate the region.
This section contains list of wars involving Zaporozhian Cossacks (including Danubian Sich) and Cossack Hetmanate (both of right-bank and left-bank).
This section contains list of wars involving different Ukrainian states de facto existed between 1917 and 1922 (Ukrainian People's Republic, Ukrainian State, Western Ukrainian People's Republic, Hutsul Republic, Komancza Republic) and other Ukrainian anti-bolshevik state formations (Kuban People's Republic, Makhnovshchina, Ukrainian Republic of the Far East).
In 1922, the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was incorporated into the Soviet Union. No major armed conflicts on Soviet Ukrainian territory would take place until 1939, although Ukrainian 'national units' would be used as national military formations of the Red Army until 1934 and, as such, fight in Soviet armed conflicts elsewhere in the world. Also, as a response to the collectivization, various peasant rebellions took place in 1929-1933 across the Soviet Union, including Ukraine, which were suppressed by the Soviet authorities.[40] The western areas of Ukraine (including most of the former West Ukrainian People's Republic's claimed territories) that were annexed by the Second Polish Republic similarly saw no fighting in the interwar period until 1939, although some small and brief armed conflicts did occur elsewhere in Poland in this period.
This section contains only military activity of non-Soviet and non-Nazi Ukrainian organizations.
Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
2014–present | Russo-Ukrainian War: | Ukraine | Russia In Donbas: Supported by: |
Ongoing |
Mission | Start-date | End-date | Location | Troops (regular) |
---|---|---|---|---|
UNPROFOR | 1992 | 1995 | Yugoslavia | 1,303 |
UNMOT | 1994 | 2000 | Tajikistan | 21 |
UNMIBH | 1995 | 1999 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 400 |
UNPREDEP | 1995 | 1999 | Macedonia | 1 |
UNTAES | 1996 | 1998 | Croatia (Slavonija) | 511 |
MONUA | 1996 | 1999 | Angola | 216 |
UNMOP | 1996 | 2002 | Croatia Yugoslavia (Prevlaka) |
2 |
MINUGUA | 1997 | 1997 | Guatemala | 8 |
Ukraine Diplomatic Support in Transnistria | 1990 | 1992 | Transnistria | 0 |
UNOMIG | 1999 | 2005 | Georgia | 530 |
UNIFIL | 2000 | 2006 | Lebanon | 650 |
ISAF | 2000 | 2001 | Afghanistan | 1 |
UNAMSIL | 2001 | 2005 | Sierra Leone | 530 |
UNIKOM | 2003 | 2003 | Kuwait | 448 |
UNMIL | 2003 | 2018 | Liberia | 275 |
UNMEE | 2004 | 2008 | Ethiopia Eritrea |
7 |
MNF-I[g] | 2005 | 2008 | Iraq | 1,660 |
UNOMIG | 2008 | 2009 | Georgia | 37 |
UNOCI | 2011 | 2017 | Côte d'Ivoire | 1,303 |
Mission | Start-date | End-date | Location | Troops (regular) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Kosovo Force | 1999 | 2022 (August 3)[44] |
Kosovo | 40 |
MONUSCO | 2000 | 2022 (September 18)[45] |
Democratic Republic of the Congo | 250 |
UNMISS | 2012 | 2022 (April)[46] |
South Sudan | 28[47] |
MINUSMA | 2019 | 2022 (March)[46] |
Mali | 20 |
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