LXVI Legislature of the Mexican Congress
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The LXVI Legislature of the Congress of the Union (66th Congress) is the current session of the legislative branch of Mexico, composed of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. It convened on 1 September 2024, and will end on 31 August 2027,[1] covering the final month of Andrés Manuel López Obrador's term in office and the first three years of Claudia Sheinbaum's presidency.
66th Congress (LXVI Legislatura) | |||||
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Overview | |||||
Legislative body | Congress of the Union | ||||
Term | 1 September 2024 – 31 August 2027 | ||||
Election | 2 June 2024 | ||||
Senate | |||||
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Members | 128 senators | ||||
President |
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Chamber of Deputies | |||||
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Members | 500 deputies | ||||
President |
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Both chambers of Congress were elected in the 2024 general election. There were three competing forces: the Sigamos Haciendo Historia coalition, consisting of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena), the Labor Party (PT), and the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM); the Fuerza y Corazón por México coalition, comprising the National Action Party (PAN), the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), and the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD); and the Citizens' Movement (MC), the only party to run without allies.
Sigamos Haciendo Historia won a supermajority in the Chamber of Deputies, granting the ruling coalition 73% of the seats, the highest share since the LII Legislature in 1982, during Miguel de la Madrid's presidency.[2] Although the coalition fell three seats short of a supermajority in the Senate, defections by two senators elected for the PRD on 28 August closed the gap to one.[3] The supermajority was ultimately secured with the defection to Morena of Cynthia López, elected for the PRI in Mexico City, on 12 November.[4] This marked the first time since the LIII Legislature in 1985 that the ruling coalition held a supermajority in both chambers.[5]
Major events
- 29 August 2024: Members-elect are sworn in. Gerardo Fernández Noroña is elected President of the Senate and Ifigenia Martínez y Hernández is elected President of the Chamber of Deputies for the first session of the legislature.[6]
- 1 September 2024: Legislature convenes.
- 10 September 2024: Protesters opposing the judicial reform bill storm the Senate building, temporarily halting the session discussing the reforms.[7] The Senate reconvenes in its former premises and passes the bill by an 86–41 vote at around 04:00 CST the following morning.[8]
- 25 September 2024: The Senate voted 86–42 on a constitutional amendment that transfers the control of the National Guard to the Secretariat of National Defense.[9]
- 1 October 2024: Claudia Sheinbaum becomes President of Mexico.
- 5 October 2024: President of the Chamber of Deputies Ifigenia Martínez y Hernández dies.
- 8 October 2024: Sergio Gutiérrez Luna is elected President of the Chamber of Deputies.[10]
- 9 October 2024: The Senate unanimously approves a constitutional amendment aimed at ensuring that the minimum wage increases above inflation.[11]
- 16 October 2024: The Senate unanimously approves a constitutional amendment that enables the State to reclaim the right to provide passenger train transportation.[12]
- 16 October 2024: The Senate voted 86–39 on an energy reform bill that reestablishes the Federal Electricity Commission (CFE) and Pemex as public entities and mandates that the CFE retains a 54% share of electricity generation.[13]
- 30 October 2024: The Chamber of Deputies voted 343–129 on a constitutional amendment that enshrines constitutional supremacy, allowing legal challenges to constitutional amendments only on procedural grounds.[14]
- 12 November 2024: Morena and its allies secure a supermajority in the Senate with the defection of Cynthia López Castro.[4]
Major legislation
Summarize
Perspective
Constitutional amendments
DOF Citation | Official title | Votes | Published | |
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Deputies | Senate | |||
15-09-2024 | A decree to amend, add, and repeal various provisions of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, regarding the reform of the Judicial Branch
Decreto por el que se reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en materia de reforma del Poder Judicial |
4 September 2024 (357–130) |
11 September 2024 (86–41) |
15 September 2024 |
30-09-2024 | A decree to amend, add, and repeal various provisions of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, regarding Indigenous and Afro-Mexican Peoples and Communities
Decreto por el que se reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del artículo 2o. de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en materia de Pueblos y Comunidades Indígenas y Afromexicanos |
18 September 2024 (483–0) |
24 September 2024 (128–0) |
30 September 2024 |
30-09-2024 | A decree to amend and add Articles 13, 16, 21, 32, 55, 73, 76, 78, 82, 89, 123, and 129 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, regarding the National Guard
Decreto por el que se reforman y adicionan los artículos 13, 16, 21, 32, 55, 73, 76, 78, 82, 89, 123 y 129 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en materia de Guardia Nacional |
19 September 2024 (353–126) |
24 September 2024 (86–42) |
30 September 2024 |
30-10-2024 | A decree to amend the fourth paragraph and add a fifth paragraph to Article 28 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, regarding railways and railway transportation
Decreto por el que se reforma el párrafo cuarto y se adiciona un párrafo quinto al artículo 28 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en materia de vías y transporte ferroviario |
8 October 2024 (472–0) |
16 October 2024 (123–0) |
30 October 2024 |
31-10-2024 | A decree to amend the fifth paragraph of Article 25, the sixth and seventh paragraphs of Article 27, and the fourth paragraph of Article 28 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, regarding strategic areas and enterprises
Decreto por el que se reforman el párrafo quinto del artículo 25, los párrafos sexto y séptimo del artículo 27 y el párrafo cuarto del artículo 28 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en materia de áreas y empresas estratégicas |
9 October 2024 (350–111) |
16 October 2024 (86–39) |
31 October 2024 |
31-10-2024 | A decree to amend the first paragraph of Section II of Article 107 and add a fifth paragraph to Article 105 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, regarding the unchallengeability of additions or amendments to the Federal Constitution
Decreto por el que se reforma el primer párrafo de la fracción II del artículo 107, y se adiciona un quinto párrafo al artículo 105, de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en materia de inimpugnabilidad de las adiciones o reformas a la Constitución Federal |
30 October 2024 (343–129) |
24 October 2024 (85–41) |
31 October 2024 |
15-11-2024 | A decree to amend and add Articles 4, 21, 41, 73, 116, 122, and 123 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, regarding substantive equality, gender perspective, women's right to a life free of violence, and the elimination of the gender pay gap
Decreto por el que se reforman y adicionan los artículos 4o., 21, 41, 73, 116, 122 y 123 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en materia de igualdad sustantiva, perspectiva de género, derecho de las mujeres a una vida libre de violencia y erradicación de la brecha salarial por razones de género |
5 November 2024 (468–0) |
24 October 2024 (126–0) |
15 November 2024 |
02-12-2024 | A decree to amend and add Articles 4 and 27 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, regarding well-being
Decreto por el que se reforman y adicionan los artículos 4o. y 27 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en materia de bienestar |
22 October 2024 (408–65) |
30 October 2024 (117–0) |
2 December 2024 |
02-12-2024 | A decree to amend and add Section XII of Subsection A of Article 123 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, regarding housing for workers
Decreto por el que se reforma y adiciona la fracción XII del Apartado A del artículo 123 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en materia de vivienda para las personas trabajadoras |
23 October 2024 (472–0) |
31 October 2024 (103–0) |
2 December 2024 |
02-12-2024 | A decree to amend and add Articles 3, 4, and 73 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, regarding animal protection and care
Decreto por el que se reforman y adicionan los artículos 3o, 4o y 73 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en materia de protección y cuidado animal |
12 November 2024 (441–0) |
21 November 2024 (118–0) |
2 December 2024 |
20-12-2024 | A decree to amend, add, and repeal various provisions of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, regarding organizational simplification
Decreto por el que se reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en materia de simplificación orgánica |
20 November 2024 (332–119) |
28 November 2024 (86–40) |
20 December 2024 |
31-12-2024 | A decree to amend the second paragraph of Article 19 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, regarding mandatory pretrial detention
Decreto por el que se reforma el párrafo segundo del artículo 19 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en materia de prisión preventiva oficiosa |
13 November 2024 (335–108) |
27 November 2024 (93–35) |
31 December 2024 |
31-12-2024 | A decree to amend and add Article 21 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, regarding public security
Decreto por el que se reforma y adiciona el artículo 21 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en materia de seguridad pública |
21 November 2024 (441–0) |
13 November 2024 (122–0) |
31 December 2024 |
17-01-2025 | A decree to add a fifth paragraph to Article 4 and a second paragraph to Article 5 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, regarding health protection
Decreto por el que se adicionan un párrafo quinto al artículo 4o y un párrafo segundo al artículo 5o, de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en materia de protección a la salud |
3 December 2024 (327–118) |
11 December 2024 (86–39) |
17 January 2025 |
Party summary
Summarize
Perspective
These tables relate to the composition of the Senate of the Republic and the Chamber of Deputies at the start of the LXVI Legislature and their current makeup, highlighting the changes in party affiliation that have occurred during the legislature.
Senate
Party | Start of Legislature |
Current seats |
± | |
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National Regeneration Movement | 66 | 67 | ![]() | |
National Action Party | 22 | 21 | ![]() | |
Institutional Revolutionary Party | 15 | 14 | ![]() | |
Ecologist Green Party of Mexico | 13 | 14 | ![]() | |
Labor Party | 6 | 6 | ![]() | |
Citizens' Movement | 5 | 5 | ![]() | |
Independents / No party | 1 | 1 | ![]() | |
Total | 128 | 128 |
Chamber of Deputies
Party | Start of Legislature[15] |
Current seats |
± | |
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National Regeneration Movement | 257 | 253 | ![]() | |
National Action Party | 71 | 71 | ![]() | |
Ecologist Green Party of Mexico | 60 | 62 | ![]() | |
Labor Party | 47 | 49 | ![]() | |
Institutional Revolutionary Party | 36 | 37 | ![]() | |
Citizens' Movement | 27 | 27 | ![]() | |
Independents / No party | 1 | 1 | ![]() | |
Party of the Democratic Revolution | 1 | 0 | ![]() | |
Total | 500 | 500 |
Leadership
Presiding officers
President of the Senate
Session | Term | Portrait | Name | Party | |
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1 | 1 September 2024 – Incumbent |
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Gerardo Fernández Noroña[16] | National Regeneration Movement |
President of the Chamber of Deputies
Session | Term | Portrait | Name | Party | |
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1 | 1 September 2024 – 5 October 2024 |
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Ifigenia Martínez y Hernández[17] | National Regeneration Movement | |
8 October 2024[a] – Incumbent |
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Sergio Gutiérrez Luna[10] |
Parliamentary coordinators
Party | Senate | Chamber of Deputies | |||
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National Action Party | Ricardo Anaya[18] | since 2025 | Noemí Luna Ayala[19] | since 2024 | |
Institutional Revolutionary Party | Manuel Añorve Baños[20] | since 2024 | Rubén Moreira Valdez[21] | since 2024 | |
Labor Party | Alberto Anaya[22] | since 2024 | Reginaldo Sandoval Flores[22] | since 2024 | |
Ecologist Green Party of Mexico | Manuel Velasco Coello[23] | since 2024 | Carlos Alberto Puente Salas[23] | since 2024 | |
Citizens' Movement | Clemente Castañeda Hoeflich[24] | since 2024 | Ivonne Ortega Pacheco[24] | since 2024 | |
National Regeneration Movement | Adán Augusto López[25] | since 2024 | Ricardo Monreal[26] | since 2024 |
Senate members
Summarize
Perspective
Elected by state
In the list, the first two positions represent the senators from the winning two-name formula who secured a majority in the state. The third corresponds to the senator who earned a seat through first minority.
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Elected by proportional representation
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Chamber of Deputies members
Summarize
Perspective
Elected by district
AguascalientesBaja California
Baja California SurCampecheChiapas
Chihuahua
Mexico City
Coahuila
Colima
DurangoGuanajuato
Guerrero
HidalgoJalisco
Mexico
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Michoacán
MorelosNayaritNuevo León
Oaxaca
Puebla
QuerétaroQuintana RooSan Luis Potosí
Sinaloa
SonoraTabasco
Tamaulipas
Tlaxcala
Veracruz
YucatánZacatecas
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Elected by proportional representation
First electoral region
Fourth electoral region
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Second electoral region
Fifth electoral region
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Third electoral region
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See also
Notes
- Saucedo Reyes was elected for the PRD as part of the Fuerza y Corazón por México coalition but switched allegiance to Morena on 28 August 2024.[3][31]
- Fabio Beltrones was elected as part of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), but on 12 August 2024, before the start of the legislature, the party announced his exclusion from the PRI parliamentary group due to disagreements with the party leadership.[32]
- In Tabasco: Rosalinda López Hernández, the senator-elect, died on 5 June 2024, before being sworn in.[33] Her alternate, Alejandra Arias Trevilla, took her place.[34]
- Herrera Dagdug was elected for the PRD as part of the Fuerza y Corazón por México coalition but switched allegiance to Morena on 28 August 2024.[3][31]
- On 10 September 2024, Yunes Márquez was granted a leave of absence on health grounds, and Miguel Ángel Yunes Linares was sworn in as his alternate.[35] Later the same day, however, Yunes Márquez returned to his seat.[36]
- On 23 November 2024, the National Action Party (PAN) parliamentary group expelled Yunes Márquez due to his vote in favor of the 2024 Mexican judicial reform.[37]
- Yunes Márquez joined Morena on 18 February 2025.[38]
- Was among the eight deputies who switched from Morena to the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico on 1 September 2024.[39]
- Following the loss of the Party of the Democratic Revolution's registration as a federal party, on 20 September 2024, Sandoval Hernández joined the Institutional Revolutionary Party.[40]
- Was among the three deputies who switched from the Labor Party to Morena on 19 September 2024.[41]
- Was among the five deputies who switched from Morena to the Labor Party on 19 September 2024.[41]
- Was among the six deputies who switched from the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico to Morena on 1 September 2024.[39]
- Aguas Atlahua was murdered in Zongolica, Veracruz, on 9 December 2024.[42] His alternate, Puertos Chimalhua, was sworn in on 11 December.[43]
- Héctor Melesio Cuén Ojeda had been assigned a seat through proportional representation but was murdered on 25 July 2024, before the start of the legislature.[44] His alternate, Juan Moreno de Haro, took his place.[45]
- On 11 December 2024, the Chamber's plenary granted Vitela Rodríguez's request to vacate her seat as of 15 January 2025.[43]
References
External links
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