智商研究當中一個相當有爭議性嘅問題係「智商係咪天生?」。有唔少人主張智能係可以後天提升嘅。不過事實係研究顯示,一個大人嘅 IQ 有幾高喺好大程度上係由遺傳因素話事嘅-成年智商嘅遺傳度超過 60%,呢個結果表示,嘗試提高細路嘅智商的確有可能成功,但提高智商嘅措施好多時到咗成年嗰陣就會失效-一個本來智商平均、但因為呢啲提高智商嘅措施而提高咗智商嘅細路,大過咗之後多數會變返一般智商嘅大人。所以一般認為,智商同絕大多數心理特徵一樣,未見得係完全天生嘅,但好受遺傳因素影響[38]。
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呢度引咗嗰段英文嘅原文:"... a very general mental capability that, among other things, involves the ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly and learn from experience. It is not merely book learning, a narrow academic skill, or test-taking smarts. Rather, it reflects a broader and deeper capability for comprehending our surroundings - "catching on," "making sense" of things, or "figuring out" what to do."
呢度引咗嗰段英文嘅原文:"Individuals differ from one another in their ability to understand complex ideas, to adapt effectively to the environment, to learn from experience, to engage in various forms of reasoning, to overcome obstacles by taking thought. Although these individual differences can be substantial, they are never entirely consistent: a given person's intellectual performance will vary on different occasions, in different domains, as judged by different criteria. Concepts of "intelligence" are attempts to clarify and organize this complex set of phenomena. Although considerable clarity has been achieved in some areas, no such conceptualization has yet answered all the important questions, and none commands universal assent. Indeed, when two dozen prominent theorists were recently asked to define intelligence, they gave two dozen, somewhat different, definitions."
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