فہرست نسل کشی بلحاظ اموات (انگریزی: List of genocides by death toll) میں وہ تمام اموات کے تخمینے شامل ہیں جو نسل کشی کی وجہ بنے۔ اس میں دوسرے کئی طرح کے قتل عام جیسے جنگی جرائم مثلاً سرخ دہشت، جنگ تیس سالہ، آگے کی جانب ایک عظیم پھلانگ اور عظيم دہشت شامل نہیں ہیں۔
ایونٹ | مقام | سے(فرام) | تک (ٹو) | کم سے کم تخمینہ |
زیادہ سے زیادہ تخمینہ |
ہلاک ہونے والے گروپ کا تناسب | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
مرگ انبوہ[N 1] | ![]() |
1941 | 1945 | 5,750,000 [2] |
6,000,000 [3] |
&10000000000000025000000Around 2/3 of the Jewish population of Europe۔[4] | |
Generalplan Ost[N 1] | 4,500,000 [5] |
13,700,000 [6] |
دوسری جنگ عظیم میں ہلاکتیں The Third Reich planned to artificially decrease Baltic and Slavic populations by tens of millions, mostly by starvation, during and after the war.
Deaths include 1.3 million Jews, which are included in the deaths of 6 million Jews during the Holocaust,[3] as well as the deaths of more than 3 million Soviet POWs.[3] | ||||
Holodomor (Голодомор)[N 2] (Ukrainian genocide which is part of greater Soviet famine of 1932–33) |
![]() ![]() |
1932 | 1933 | 1,800,000 [18][19] |
7,500,000 [20][21] |
&10000000000000012000000 نسل کشی of یوکرینی through artificial starvation by the Soviet regime.[22][23] Its characterization as a genocide is debated amongst historians.[24][25][26] | |
Nazi genocide of Poles[N 1] | ![]() |
1939 | 1945 | 1,800,000 [3] |
3,000,000 [27] |
دوسری جنگ عظیم میں ہلاکتیں | |
Mongol conquest of Western Xia[N 3] | ![]() |
1205 | 1227 | 1,500,000 | 1,500,000 | 1,500,000 killed in the نسل کشی after the conquest (Half[33] the مغربی شیا[34][35][36] was exterminated) | |
Cambodian genocide[N 4] | ![]() |
1975 | 1979 | 1,386,734 [45][46] |
3,000,000 [40][47] |
15–33% of total population of Cambodia killed[48][49] including:
99% of Cambodian Viets | |
Kazakh genocide during the Soviet famine of 1932–33[N 5] |
![]() ![]() |
1931 | 1933 | 1,300,000 [50] |
1,750,000 [51] |
&10000000000000012000000Some historians conclude that 42% of the entire قازق population died in the famine.[51] The two Soviet census show that the number of the Kazakhs in Kazakhstan dropped from 3,637,612 in 1926 to 2,181,520 in 1937.[52] | |
Genocide in بنگلہ دیش[N 6] by پاکستان |
![]() ![]() |
1971 | 300,000 [54] |
3,000,000 [55][56] |
&100000000000000030000002%[57] to 4%[58][59][60] Over 20% of بنگلہ دیش میں ہندومت killed[61] (Using 1 to 3 million deaths figures) | ||
ارمنی قتل عام Մեծ Եղեռն (Medz Yeghern, "Great Crime")[N 7] | ![]() (territories of present-day ترکی، سوریہ and عراق) |
1915 | 1922 | 700,000 [62] |
1,800,000 [63] |
At least 50% of Armenians in Turkey killed[62] | |
Indonesian genocide[N 8] | ![]() |
1965 | 1966 | 500,000 [74][70][71] |
3,000,000 [72][73] |
Some scholars now argue that the Indonesian massacres constitute genocide by the legal definition.[75][65][69][76][77] | |
روانڈیائی نسل کشی[N 9] | ![]() |
1994 | 500,000 [78] |
1,071,000 [79] |
&1000000000000004000000070% of Tutsi in Rwanda killed and 30% of Twa in Rwanda killed 20% of Rwanda's total population killed | ||
یونانی نسل کشی including the Pontic genocide[N 10] | ![]() (territories of present-day ترکی) |
1914 | 1922 | 500,000 [80] |
900,000 [81] |
At least 25% of Greeks in Anatolia (Turkey) killed | |
Zunghar genocide 准噶尔灭族 in the Zunghar Khanate[N 11] | چنگ خاندان (Dzungaria) | 1755 | 1758 | 480,000 [85] |
600,000 [85] |
&1000000000000008000000080% of 600,000 Zungharian Oirats killed | |
چیرکسی نسل کشی[N 12] | ![]() |
1864 | 1867 | 400,000 [98] |
1,500,000 ۔[99] |
&1000000000000004500000090% to 97% of total ادیگی قوم population perished or deported by the Russian forces.[100][101][102] | |
Genocide by the Ustaše including the Serbian genocide[N 13] | ![]() |
1941 | 1945 | 320,000 [104][105] |
600,000 [104][105][106] |
&1000000000000001900000013% to 21% of the Serbian population within the NDH was killed.[57] | |
Pacification of Algeria[N 14] | ![]() |
1830 |
1871 |
300,000 |
1,000,000 |
&1000000000000001500000010%[117] to 1/3[118][116] of Algeria's population died during the period | |
Genocide of Nestorian christians (کلیسیائے مشرق) by امیر تیمور | ![]() |
1370 |
1405 |
Tens of thousands |
Hundreds of thousands |
Tamerlane's rule was characterized by numerous massacres, including against other Muslims, but the only community he systematically targeted for elimination was the local Christians. | |
Genocide of indigenous peoples in Brazil[N 15] | ![]() |
1900 |
1985 |
235,000 [125] |
800,000 [126] |
&1000000000000008000000087 out of 230 Brazilian tribes went extinct during the period[127] | |
Albigensian Crusade (Cathar genocide)[N 16] |
![]() |
1209 | 1229 | 200,000 [130] |
1,000,000 [131] |
||
Assyrian genocide ܣܝܦܐ (Seyfo, "Sword")[N 17] | ![]() |
1915 | 1923 | 200,000 [132] |
750,000 [133] |
&10000000000000075000000 | |
Irish genocide[N 18] | ![]() |
1649 | 1653 | 200,000 [137] |
618,000 [138] |
&1000000000000003000000020–40% of the population of Ireland perished during the Cromwellian conquest[137][138] | |
Wu Hu genocide[N 19] | شمالی اور جنوبی چین | 350 | 351 | 200,000 [140] |
200,000 | &10000000000000025000000 | |
Massacres of Hutus during the First Congo War[N 20] | ![]() |
1996 | 1997 | 200,000 [143] |
232,000 [144] |
||
حمیدیہ قتل عام[N 21] | ![]() |
1894 | 1896 | 200,000 [151] |
300,000 [151] |
||
Genocide of the Tencteri and Usipetes[N 22] | Germania | 55 BC | 150,000 [156] |
430,000 [157] |
&10000000000000025000000 | ||
Battle of Carthage (Punic genocide)[N 23] |
قرطاجنہ (territories of present-day تونس شہر، تونس) | 146 BC | 150,000 [163][158] |
150,000 | Population reduced from 500,000 to 55,000. 150,000 died in the fall of Carthage.[163] | ||
Romani genocide[N 24] | ![]() |
1935[168] | 1945 | 130,000 [169] |
500,000 [170][171] |
&1000000000000002500000025% of رومینی in Europe killed | |
Polish Operation of the NKVD (Polish genocide)[N 25] | ![]() |
1937 | 1938 | 111,091 [181] |
250,000 [182] |
&1000000000000001300000022% of the Polish population of the USSR was "sentenced" by the operation (140,000 people)[183] | |
چیچن اور انگوشوں کی جلاوطنی[N 26] (Soviet deportation of Chechens and other Vainakh populations) |
![]() |
1944 | 1948 | 100,000 [190] |
400,000 [191] |
&1000000000000003500000023.5% to almost 50% of total چیچن قوم population killed[192] | |
Genocide of Acholi and Lango people under عیدی امین[N 27] | ![]() |
1972 | 1978 | 100,000 [194] |
300,000 [194] |
||
Darfur genocide[N 28] | ![]() |
2003 |
Present |
98,000 [197] |
500,000 [198] |
||
Kurdish genocide[N 29] | ![]() |
1977 | 1991 | 87,500 [حوالہ درکار] |
388,100 [حوالہ درکار] |
&10000000000000008000000 | |
East Timor genocide[N 30] | ![]() |
1975 | 1999 | 85,320 [218] |
196,720 [219] |
&1000000000000002000000013% to 44% of مشرقی تیمور's total population killed (See death toll of East Timor genocide) | |
Ikiza[N 31] | ![]() |
1972 | 80,000 [220][221] |
300,000 [222] |
&10000000000000005000000 As much as 10% to 15% of the Hutu population of Burundi killed[222] | ||
Libyan genocide[N 32] | ![]() |
1923 | 1932 | 80,000 [227] |
125,000 [234] |
25% of برقہ population killed[227] | |
Bambuti genocide[N 33] | ![]() |
2002 | 2003 | 60,000 [237][235] |
70,000 [237] |
&1000000000000004000000040% of the Eastern Congo's Pygmy population killed[N 34] | |
Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia[N 35] | ![]() |
1943 | 1945 | 50,000 [240] |
300,000 [241][242][243][244][245] |
4% to 20% of the pre-war (1931) Second Polish Republic's total Polish population of Voivodeships: stanisławowskie، tarnopolskie and wołyńskie[246][247] where killed. | |
Genocide of Isaaqs[N 36] | ![]() |
1988 | 1991 | 50,000 [263][253] |
200,000 [264] |
&10000000000000004000000 | |
'Genocidal crimes against Bosniaks and Croats by the Chetniks[N 37] | ![]() |
1941 | 1945 | 47,000 [268] |
65,000 [268] |
||
Tamil Genocide[N 38] | ![]() |
1956 | 2009 | 40,000[272][273] | 140,000+[274] | Between 10% and 35% of the Eelam Tamil population living in the de facto state of Tamil Eelam، controlled by the تامل ٹائیگرز۔[275] | |
کریمیائی تاتاریوں کی جبری ملک بدری[N 39] | ![]() ![]() |
1944 | 1948 | 34,000 [280] |
195,471 [281] |
&10000000000000032000000The deportation and following exile reduced the کریمیائی تاتار population by between 18%[280] and 46%۔[282] | |
Genocide in German South West Africa[N 40] | ![]() |
1904 | 1908 | 34,000 [283] |
110,000 [284][285] |
&1000000000000007000000060% (24,000 out of 40,000[283]) to 81.25% (65,000[286][287] out of 80,000[288]) of total Herero and 50%[283] of Nama population killed. | |
Guatemalan genocide[N 41] | ![]() |
1962 | 1996 | 32,632 [293] |
166,000 [294] |
&1000000000000004000000040% of the Maya population (24,000 people) of Guatemala's Ixil and Rabinal regions where killed[57] | |
Jewish genocide during the Russian White Terror[N 42] | what is now یوکرین and روس | 1918 | 1923 | 30,000 [296][297] |
250,000 [295] |
&10000000000000002000000 | |
1993 Genocide of Burundian Tutsis[N 31] | ![]() |
1993 | 25,000 [299] |
50,000 [300] |
|||
Genocide of Jews in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by Cossack insurgents[N 43] | ![]() |
1648 | 1657 | 18,000 [302] |
100,000 [303][304][305][306][307] |
&1000000000000005000000045–50% of the Jewish population of یوکرین was killed.[302] | |
Latvian Operation of the NKVD (Latvian genocide)[N 44] |
![]() |
1937 | 1938 | 16,573 [308] |
16,573 [309] |
||
1984ء کے سکھ مخالف فسادات & Operation Woodrose[N 45] | ![]() |
1984 | 1990 | 15,350 [N 46] |
29,000 [N 46] |
||
Parsley massacre[N 47] | ![]() |
1937 | 12,168 [329] |
35,000 [329] |
|||
California Genocide[N 48] | ![]() |
1846 |
1873 |
&10000000000000080000000سرخ ہندی population in California declined by 80% during the period | |||
Queensland Aboriginal genocide[N 49] | ![]() |
1840 |
1897 |
10,000 [340] |
65,180 [341] |
&100000000000000300000003.3% to over 50% of the aboriginal population was killed (10,000[340] to 65,180[341] killed out of 125,600)[توضیح درکار] | |
Rohingya genocide[N 50] | ![]() |
2017 |
Present |
9,000–13,700 |
43,000 |
||
Decossackization[N 51] | ![]() |
1917 |
1933 |
&10000000000010000000000thousands–10,000+ |
1,000,000 |
&10000000000000004000000 | |
Bosnian genocide[N 52] | ![]() |
1992 | 1995 | 8,373 [363] |
31,107–39,199 [364][365] |
&10000000000000003000000More than 3% of the بوسنیائی مسلم population of بوسنیا و ہرزیگووینا perished during the بوسنیائی جنگ۔[366] | |
Persecution of the Igbo by the Nigerian army[N 53] | ![]() |
1966 | 1966 | 8,000[368] | 30,000[369] | ||
The Sook Ching[N 54] | ![]() ![]() |
1942 | 1942 | 5,000 [حوالہ درکار] |
25,000 [حوالہ درکار] |
||
Chittagong Hill Tracts genocide[N 55] | ![]() |
1977 | 1997 | 4,406 [379] |
13,206 [379] |
&10000000000000002000000 | |
1804 Haiti massacre[N 56] | ![]() |
1804 | 1804 | 3,000[382] | 5,000[382] | ||
Selk'nam genocide[N 57] | ![]() |
Late 19th century | Early 20th century | 2,500 [383] |
3,900 [384] |
&1000000000000008400000084% The genocide reduced their numbers from around 3,000 to about 500 people. (Now pure Selk'nam are considered extinct.)[384][385] | |
Genocide of Yazidis by ISIL[N 58] | ![]() |
2014 | 2019 | 2,100–4,400 [388] |
10,000 [389] |
See also: 2007 Yazidi communities bombings | |
Genocide of Shia muslims by ISIL، including نصیریہ and دروز | ![]() |
2003 (as Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad and successor organizations including داعش) | Present (as sleeper cells) | Several tens of thousands | 100,000+ | ||
The Gukurahundi[N 59] | ![]() |
1983 | 1987 | 2,000 [391] |
30,000 [392] |
||
1572 massacres of French Huguenots[N 60] | ![]() |
1572 | 1572 | 2,000 [حوالہ درکار] |
70,000 [395] |
||
Genocide of the Moriori[N 61] | ![]() |
1835 | 1863 | 1,900 [397][398] |
1,900 | &1000000000000009500000095% of the Moriori population was eradicated by the invasion from Taranaki، a group of Ngāti Mutunga and Ngāti Tama people from the Māori tribe۔[399][400] All were enslaved and many were آدم خوری۔[401] They were not permitted to mix with their race.[402] The Moriori language is now extinct.[396][403] There are no Moriori of unmixed ancestry left.[398] | |
Conquest of the Desert and Mapuche decline[N 62] | ![]() |
1870s |
1884 |
1,313 [404] |
225,000 [405] |
&10000000000000090000000نقشے population reduced from 250,000 to 25,000.[405] | |
Genocide of Christians by ISIL | ![]() |
2003 (as Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad and successor organizations including داعش | Present (elsewhere in the world, as ISIL has lost all territory) | 1000+ | Thousands | More than 2,000 native Christians killed in the territories controlled by ISIL or with sleeper cells, including the 2010 Baghdad church massacre، 2015 kidnapping and beheading of Copts in Libya، the 2017 Palm Sunday church bombings، the 2019 Jolo Cathedral bombings and the سری لنکا دھماکے، 2019ء، among others. See also: Boko Haram insurgency | |
Destruction of the Aché[N 63] | ![]() |
1956 | Early 1970s | 900 [407] |
4,000 [408] |
85% of the آچی were wiped out (Today Aché are considered extinct)۔ | |
Black War (Genocide of Aboriginal Tasmanians)[N 64] |
![]() |
Mid 1820s | 1832 | 400 [411] |
1,000 [411] | ||
اویغور نسل کشی (Genocide of اویغور) |
![]() |
2014 | Present | 386 | 1,500,000 | ||
Missing and murdered Indigenous women
(Widespread murders of Indigenous peoples in Canada) |
![]() |
1980s | Present | 1,200+ |
|
|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |date=, |archive-date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |date=, |archive-date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |date=, |archive-date=
(معاونت)|access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)|access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت):[بہتر ماخذ درکار]The human death toll over only 267 days was incredible. Just to give for five out of the eighteen districts some incomplete statistics published in بنگلہ دیش newspapers or by an Inquiry Committee, the Pakistani army killed 100,000 Bengalis in Dacca, 150,000 in Khulna, 75,000 in Jessore, 95,000 in Comilla, and 100,000 in Chittagong. For eighteen districts the total is 1,247,000 killed. This was an incomplete toll, and to this day no one really knows the final toll. Some estimates of the democide (i.e. Rummel's 'death by government') are much lower—one is of 300,000 dead—but most range from 1 million to 3 million. … The Pakistani army and allied paramilitary groups killed about one out of every sixty-one people in پاکستان overall; one out of every twenty-five Bengalis, Hindus, and others in East پاکستان۔ If the rate of killing for all of پاکستان is annualized over the years the Yahya martial law regime was in power (مارچ 1969 to دسمبر 1971)، then this one regime was more lethal than that of the Soviet Union, China under the communists, or Japan under the military (even through World War II)۔تحقق من التاريخ في:
|date=
(معاونت)2 million deaths out of 9.5 million Hindus
|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)
|access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)And while there is still no consensus on the matter, some scholars have described the Indonesian violence as genocide.
The tribunal concludes that those acts were intended to annihilate a section of the population and could be categorized as genocide.تحقق من التاريخ في:
|access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)
|date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)|date=
(معاونت)
|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)
The number who died in the Circassian catastrophe of the 1860s could hardly, therefore, be less than one million, and may well have been closer to one-and-a-half million
|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |date=, |archive-date=
(معاونت)
|date=
(معاونت)
If we assume that Berzhe's middle figure of 50,000 was close to the number who survived to settle in the lowlands, then between 95 percent and 97 percent of all Circassians were killed outright, died during Evdokimov's campaign, or were deported.
|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |date=, |archive-date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |archive-date=
(معاونت)|access-date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=
(معاونت)|access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)
Indian population of Brazil declined from 1.0M to 0.2M between 1900 and 1957, a net loss of 800,000
87 Indian tribes in Brazil went extinct between 1900 and 1957 (Out of an original 230)
|date=
(معاونت)Oliver Cromwell offered the Irish Catholics a choice between genocide and forced mass population transfer. They could go 'To Hell or to Connaught!'تحقق من التاريخ في:
|date=
(معاونت)The massacres by Catholics of Protestants, which occurred in the religious wars of the 1640s, were magnified for propagandist purposes to justify Cromwell's subsequent genocide.تحقق من التاريخ في:
|date=
(معاونت)|date=
(معاونت) "It was to be the justification for Cromwell's genocidal campaign and settlement."|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |archive-date=
(معاونت)|date=
(معاونت)The number of Armenian children under twelve years of age made orphans by the massacres of 1895 is estimated by the missionaries at 50.000تحقق من التاريخ في:
|date=
(معاونت)۔|date=
(معاونت)|date=
(معاونت)
|access-date=
(معاونت)|date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=
(معاونت)|access-date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |archive-date=
(معاونت)|access-date=
(معاونت)See also, Tomasz Sommer: Ludobójstwo Polaków w Związku Sowieckim (Genocide of Poles in the Soviet Union)، article published by The Polish Review vol. LV, No. 4, 2010.الوسيط
|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)Rubenstein is the Northeast regional director of Amnesty International USA and a co-editor of The Unknown Black Book: The Holocaust in the German-Occupied Soviet Territories.
|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |date=, |archive-date=
(معاونت)
|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)|access-date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |date=, |archive-date=
(معاونت)
|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=
(معاونت)
|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |date=, |archive-date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |archive-date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |archive-date=
(معاونت)|date=
(معاونت)|date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)
|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |date=, |archive-date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)
|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)
Główna Komisja Badania Zbrodni Hitlerowskich w Polsce – Instytut Pamięci Narodowej, Środowisko Żołnierzy 27 Wołyńskiej Dywizji Armii Krajowej w Warszawie
|date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)|access-date=
(معاونت)|access-date=
(معاونت)|access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)
|access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)
paragraphs 14 to 24, pages 5 to 10
|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)A series of massacres perpetrated by the Ukrainian Cossacks under the leadership of Bogdan Chmielnicki saw the death of up to 100,000 Jews and the destruction of perhaps 700 communities between 1648 and 1654 …۔
footnote 33, p. 327
cited in Herbert Arthur Strauss. Hostages of modernization: Studies on Modern Antisemitism 1870–1933/39، Walter de Gruyter, 1993, p. 1013
In 1648, under the leadership of Chmielnicki, they ravaged the land with fire and sword. Their hatred of the Jews was boundless and they rarely attempted to persuade the unfortunate to convert. These persecutions were characterized by hitherto-unknown atrocities. Children were torn apart or thrown into the fire before the eyes of their mothers, women were burned alive, men were skinned and mutilated. People must have thought hell had let loose all the tormenting monsters that medieval painters had portrayed dragging the condemned to eternal punishment. The roads were choked with thousands of refugees trying to escape the murderous hordes. The famous rabbis of the Talmud schools died by the hundreds as martyrs for their faith. The total number of the dead was estimated at about one hundred thousand.
In their revolt, the Ukrainians slaughtered over one hundred thousand Jews.
Thus, when in 1648, the Ukrainians under Chmielnicki rose against Polish dominion the Jews were to bear the main brunt of their fury. Within eighteen months over three hundred Jewish townships were destroyed and over one hundred thousand Jews—about a fifth of Polish Jewry—perished. It was the greatest calamity the Jews were to experience until the rise of Hitler.
Under the leadership of the barbaric Bogdan Chmielnitski, they exploded in a revolt of terrible violence in which their anger at their Polish lords also turned against Jewish 'infidels,' some of whom had been used by the Poles as tax collectors.۔. In the ten years between 1648 and 1658 no fewer than 100,000 Jews were killed
… set off bloody massacres, led by Bogdan Chmielnicki (1593–1657)، in which nearly 300,000 Eastern European Jews were killed or uprooted
Bogdan Chmelnitzki leads Cossack uprising against Polish rule; 100,000 Jews are killed and hundreds of Jewish communities are destroyed.
The peasants of Ukraine rose up in 1648 under a petty aristocrat Bogdan Chmielnicki. … It is estimated that 100,000 Jews were massacred and 300 of their communities destroyed
Moreover, Poles must have been keenly aware of the massacre of Jews in 1768 and even more so as the result of the much more widespread massacres (approximately 100,000 dead) of the earlier Chmielnicki pogroms during the preceding century
… as many as 100,000 Jews were murdered throughout the Ukraine by Bogdan Chmielnicki's Cossack soldiers on the rampage
A series of massacres perpetrated by the Ukrainian Cossacks under the leadership of Bogdan Chmielnicki saw the death of up to 100,000 Jews and the destruction of perhaps 700 communities between 1648 and 1654 …
In response to Poland having taken control of much of the Ukraine in the early seventeenth century, Ukrainian peasants mobilized as groups of cavalry, and these "cossacks" in the Chmielnicki uprising of 1648 killed an estimated 100,000 Jews
Is there not a difference in nature between Hitler's extermination of three million Polish Jews between 1939 and 1945 because he wanted every Jew dead and the mass murder 1648–49 of 100,000 Polish Jews by General Bogdan Chmielnicki because he wanted to end Polish rule in the Ukraine and was prepared to use Cossack terrorism to kill Jews in the process?
… massacring an estimated one hundred thousand Jews as the Ukrainian Bogdan Chmielnicki had done nearly three centuries earlier.
|access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)[مردہ ربط]|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)
|access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)
|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |date=, |archive-date=
(معاونت)
|access-date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)quoted in Sacramento newspaper
|access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)|access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)|access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)|access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)|access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)|access-date=, |date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت); تحقق من التاريخ في: |access-date=, |date=, |archive-date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)|date=
(معاونت)|date=
(معاونت)The estimated number of deaths ranged as high as 30,000, although the figure was probably closer to 8,000 to 10,000.تحقق من التاريخ في:
|access-date=
(معاونت)The estimated number of deaths ranged as high as 30,000, although the figure was probably closer to 8,000 to 10,000.تحقق من التاريخ في:
|access-date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)|date=
(معاونت)|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)Original edition 1989
|url-status=
تم تجاهله (معاونت)Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.
Every time you click a link to Wikipedia, Wiktionary or Wikiquote in your browser's search results, it will show the modern Wikiwand interface.
Wikiwand extension is a five stars, simple, with minimum permission required to keep your browsing private, safe and transparent.