Pro-Avrupacılık veya Avrupa Birliği yanlılığı,[1][2] Avrupa bütünleşmesini ve Avrupa Birliği'ne (AB) üyeliği destekleyen siyasi bir pozisyondur.[3] Pro-Avrupacılar özellikle Avrupa Birliği'nin ve politikalarının güncel ve gelecek dönemleri bağlamında ileri entegrasyonu savunurlar.
Pro-Avrupacı yaklaşım
Birçok pro-Avrupacı bugünün çok kutuplu dünyasında birliğin gücünün özel olarak bir önem ifade ettiğine inanırlar. Bölünmüş bir Avrupa bölgeye ekonomi, kültür, siyaset, sosyal, bilimsel, diplomatik ve askeri alanlarda birçok dezavantaj getireceğinden birleşik ve bağımsız bir Avrupa'nın önemini vurgularlar. Ana görüş, göreceli küçük ve ayrı ayrı Avrupa ülkelerinin dünyadaki mevcut ve yükselen süper güçler karşısındaki aşağıya doğru çekilen konumlarıdır. Bölünmüş Avrupa ülkelerinin tek başlarına sınırlı jeopolitik etkiye sahip olacaklarına ve kendi çıkarlarını etkili biçimde savunamayacaklarını savunmaktadırlar. Diğer yandan birleşik bir Avrupa'nın, görüş ve çıkarlarının dünya sahnesinde dikkate alınacağı, ABD nüfusundan ve ekonomisinden daha büyük ve ABD'ye uygun bir partner ya da rakip olacağını savunurlar.
Pro-Avrupacı argümanlar sıklıkla AB'nin üye devletlerin yararına çalıştığını söyler. Pro-Avrupacılar, Avrupa Ekonomik Alanı içerisinde serbest hareket hakkı, iş hakları, tüketici dostu standartlar gibi birçok hakkın AB'nin AB vatandaşlarına sağladığı haklardan olduğunu savunurlar . Maliyet/ fayda gibi değerlendirmeler onları harekete geçiren tek argümanlar değildir. Onlar insanlar topluluğuna ait olduklarını ve bu topluluğun ortak tahvile sahip olduğunu da savunurlar.
Pro-Avrupacılar AB'nin tüm hareketlerinden tatmin olmamalarına rağmen bu hareketlerinin çözümünün hareketleri yok etmek değil şeffaflık, birlik ve demokrasi altında geliştirmek olduğunu savunurlar.
Pro-Avrupacı siyasi partiler
Pan-Avrupa düzeyinde
AB üyesi
Austria: Austrian People's Party,[8] Social Democratic Party of Austria,[9] The Greens – The Green Alternative, NEOS – The New Austria,[10] Volt Austria
Belgium: Reformist Mouvement, Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats,[11] Socialist Party, Vooruit, Christian Democratic and Flemish, Les Engagés, Ecolo, Green, Democratic Federalist Independent, Volt Belgium
Bulgaria: We Continue the Change, Yes, Bulgaria!, Union of Democratic Forces,[12][13][14] Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria,[14] Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria,[14] Bulgarian Socialist Party (factions),[15][16] Volt Bulgaria, Republicans for Bulgaria,[17] Stand Up.BG, United People's Party, Bulgaria for Citizens Movement, Movement 21, There Is Such a People
Croatia: Croatian Democratic Union,[18] Social Democratic Party of Croatia, Croatian Peasant Party, Croatian People's Party – Liberal Democrats, Civic Liberal Alliance, Istrian Democratic Assembly, People's Party – Reformists, Croatian Social Liberal Party, Centre
Cyprus: Democratic Rally, Democratic Party, Movement for Social Democracy, Democratic Alignment, New Wave – The Other Cyprus
Czech Republic: TOP 09,[19] Mayors and Independents, KDU-ČSL,[20] Czech Pirate Party,[21] Social Democracy,[22] Green Party,[23] Volt Czech Republic
Denmark: Danish Social Liberal Party,[24] Social Democrats,[25] Venstre,[26] Conservative People's Party,[27] Moderates, Volt Denmark
Estonia: Estonian Reform Party, Estonia 200, Estonian Social Democratic Party,[28] Estonian Greens, Isamaa
Finland: Centre Party, National Coalition Party, Social Democratic Party of Finland, Green League, Swedish People's Party of Finland
France: Renaissance, Democratic Movement, The Republicans, Socialist Party, Public Place, Radical Party of the Left, Europe Ecology – The Greens, The New Democrats, Génération.s, Radical Party, Union of Democrats and Independents, New Deal, Agir, En Commun, Horizons, Territories of Progress, Progressive Federation, Centrist Alliance, The Centrists, Ecologist Party, Democratic European Force, Volt France
Germany: Christian Democratic Union, Social Democratic Party of Germany, Alliance 90/The Greens, Free Democratic Party, Christian Social Union in Bavaria, Die PARTEI,[29] Volt Germany
Greece: New Democracy, Syriza, PASOK – Movement for Change, Union of Centrists, Movement of Democratic Socialists, Volt Greece
Hungary: Democratic Coalition, Jobbik, Hungarian Socialist Party, Momentum Movement, Dialogue – The Greens' Party, LMP – Hungary's Green Party, Hungarian Liberal Party, New Start
Ireland: Fine Gael, Fianna Fáil, Labour Party, Social Democrats, Green Party, Volt Ireland
Italy: Democratic Party, Forza Italia, Italia Viva, Italian Left, More Europe, Volt Italy, Civic Commitment, Action, Italian Socialist Party, Social Democrats, Italian Republican Party, Solidary Democracy, Green Europe, Italian Radicals, Possible, Us of the Centre, Europeanists, Centrists for Europe, Moderates, Article One, European Republicans Movement, Forza Europa, Liberal Democratic Alliance for Italy, Alliance of the Centre (Italy), èViva, Sicilian Socialist Party, Team K
Latvia: Unity, For Latvia's Development, Movement For!, The Conservatives, The Progressives
Lithuania: Homeland Union, Liberals' Movement, Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union, Social Democratic Party of Lithuania, Freedom Party, Labour Party, Lithuanian Green Party
Luxembourg: Christian Social People's Party, Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party, Democratic Party, The Greens, Volt Luxembourg
Malta: Nationalist Party, Labour Party (factions), AD+PD, Volt Malta
Netherlands: Democrats 66, People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, Labour Party, Christian Democratic Appeal, GroenLinks, DENK, Volt Netherlands
Poland: Civic Platform, Poland 2050, .Modern, Polish People's Party, New Left, Your Movement, The Greens, Polish Initiative, Union of European Democrats, Polish Socialist Party[30]
Portugal: Social Democratic Party, Socialist Party, People–Animals–Nature Party, LIVRE, Liberal Initiative, Volt Portugal
Romania: Save Romania Union, National Liberal Party, People's Movement Party, Renewing Romania's European Project, PRO Romania,[31] Green Party, NOW Party, Volt Romania
Slovakia: Progressive Slovakia, Ordinary People and Independent Personalities, Christian Democratic Movement, Democrats, For the People, Voice – Social Democracy, Alliance
Slovenia: Freedom Movement, Social Democrats,[32] New Slovenia,[33] Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia, Slovenian People's Party[34]
Spain: People's Party, Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, Citizens, Volt Spain
Sweden: Swedish Social Democratic Party, Moderate Party, Centre Party, Liberals, Christian Democrats, Volt Sweden
AB üyesi olmayan
Albania: Democratic Party of Albania, Socialist Party of Albania, Freedom Party of Albania, Libra Party, Social Democratic Party of Albania, Republican Party of Albania, Unity for Human Rights Party, Alliance for Equality and European Justice, Volt Albania
Armenia: Armenian Democratic Liberal Party, Armenian National Movement Party, Bright Armenia, Civil Contract, Conservative Party, European Party of Armenia, For The Republic Party, Free Democrats, Heritage, Liberal Democratic Union of Armenia, National Progress Party of Armenia, People's Party of Armenia, Union for National Self-Determination, Republic Party, Rule of Law, Sasna Tsrer Pan-Armenian Party, Sovereign Armenia Party
Belarus: Belarusian Christian Democracy, BPF Party, United Democratic Forces of Belarus, Party of Freedom and Progress, United Civic Party of Belarus, Belarusian Social Democratic Party (Assembly), Belarusian Social Democratic Assembly
Bosnia and Herzegovina: Party of Democratic Action, Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Social Democratic Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Democratic Front, People and Justice, Party of Democratic Progress, Our Party, People's European Union, For New Generations, Union for a Better Future, Independent Bloc
Georgia: Georgian Dream, United National Movement, For Georgia, Lelo, European Georgia, Girchi - More Freedom, Girchi, Strategy Aghmashenebeli, Republican Party of Georgia, Georgian Labour Party, For the People, European Socialists, Free Democrats, Solidarity Alliance of Georgia
Iceland: Social Democratic Alliance, Reform Party
Kosovo: Alliance for the Future of Kosovo,[35] Democratic League of Kosovo, Partia e Fortë
Moldova: Party of Action and Solidarity, National Alternative Movement, Liberal Party, Democratic Party, Liberal Democratic Party, European People's Party, Pro Moldova, People's Party of the Republic of Moldova
Montenegro: Europe Now!, Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro, Social Democratic Party of Montenegro, DEMOS, United Reform Action, Democratic Montenegro, Socialist People's Party, Liberal Party, Social Democrats, Bosniak Party, Civis, We won't give up Montenegro
North Macedonia: Social Democratic Union, BESA, New Social Democratic Party, Democratic Union for Integration, Alliance for Albanians, Liberal Democratic Party, VMRO-NP
Norway: Conservative Party, Labour Party (factions), Liberal Party[36]
Russia: Yabloko, People's Freedom Party, Green Alternative, Russia of the Future, Democratic Party of Russia
San Marino: Civic 10, Euro-Populars for San Marino, Future Republic, Party of Democrats, Party of Socialists and Democrats,[37] Sammarineses for Freedom, Socialist Party,[38] Union for the Republic[39]
Serbia: Democratic Party, Social Democratic Party, Liberal Democratic Party, Movement of Free Citizens, People's Party, New Party, Serbian Progressive Party, Social Democratic Party of Serbia, Party of Freedom and Justice, Together for Serbia, Serbia 21, Civic Democratic Forum, Party of Modern Serbia, Movement for Reversal
Switzerland: Social Democratic Party of Switzerland (factions), Green Party of Switzerland (factions), Green Liberal Party of Switzerland, Volt Switzerland
Türkiye: Demokrasi ve Atılım Partisi, Demokratik Sol Parti, Demokrat Parti, Gelecek Partisi, İYİ Parti, Memleket Partisi, Liberal Demokrat Parti, Halkların Demokratik Partisi, Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi
Ukraine: Servant of the People, Fatherland, European Solidarity, Voice, Self Reliance, Ukrainian People's Party, Our Ukraine, European Party of Ukraine, People's Front, Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform, Volt Ukraine
United Kingdom: Liberal Democrats,[40][41] Green Party of England and Wales,[42] Scottish National Party (SNP),[43] Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP),[44] Scottish Greens,[45] Women's Equality Party,[46] Alliance Party of Northern Ireland,[47] Green Party Northern Ireland,[48] Mebyon Kernow,[49] Alliance EPP: European People's Party UK,[50] Volt UK, Animal Welfare Party[51]
Pro-Avrupacı gazeteler ve dergiler
Note: Media outside of Europe may also be included.
- Denmark: Dagbladet Børsen, Politiken
- France: Le Figaro,[52][53] Le Monde,[54] Le Parisien
- Germany: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung,[55] Der Spiegel, Süddeutsche Zeitung,[55] Der Tagesspiegel
- Hungary: Blikk
- Ireland: The Irish Times[56]
Japan: Chunichi Shimbun
South Korea: The Hankyoreh[57]- Spain: El Confidencial
- United Kingdom: Financial Times,[58] The Independent, The New European, The Guardian
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