Nobelyo

Ang nobelyo o nobelyum (Kastila: nobelio, Ingles: nobelium, may sagisag na No, atomikong bilang na 102, isotopikong mga masang 252, 253, 254, 255, at 256, mga kalahating-buhay na 4.5, 95, 75, 180, at 8 mga segundo) ay isang sintetikong elementong radyoaktibo at trans-uranikong matatagpuan sa mga seryeng aktinido. Unang nakilala ito nang tama ng mga siyentipiko noong 1956 o 1958.^[6] Natuklasan ito nina A Ghiorso, T Sikkeland, J Walton at GT Seaborg. Natuklasan ito sa Laboratoryo ng mga Reaksiyong Nuklear ng Flerov (Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions sa Ingles) sa Dubna, Rusya. Kaunti lamang ang nalalaman ang tungkol sa elementong ito ngunit may limitadong bilang mga eksperimentong kimikal ang nagpakitang bumubuo ito ng matatag na dibalenteng iyono (divalent ion), maging ng prediktado o inaasahang tribalenteng iyono (trivalent ion) na may kaugnayan sa pag-iral nito bilang isa sa mga aktinoyd. Nagbuhat ang pangalang nobelyo at nobelyum mula sa Suwisong kimikong si Alfred Nobel.

Nobelium, ₁₀₂No

Nobelium
Bigkas	/noʊˈbiːliəm/ (noh-BEE-lee-əm) /noʊˈbɛliəm/ (noh-BEL-ee-əm)
Bilang na pangmasa	[259]
Nobelium sa talahanayang peryodiko
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson Yb ↑ No ↓ — mendelevium ← nobelium → lawrencium
Atomikong bilang (Z)	102
Group	n/a
Period	7
Block	f-block
Electron configuration	[Rn] 5f14 7s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid (predicted)[1]
Melting point	1100 K ​(800 °C, ​1500 °F) (predicted)[1]
Density (near r.t.)	9.9(4) g/cm3 (predicted)[2][lower-alpha 1]
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	+2, +3
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.3 (predicted)[3]
Ionization energies	1st: 639[4] kJ/mol 2nd: 1254.3 kJ/mol 3rd: 2605.1 kJ/mol (all but first estimated)
Other properties
Natural occurrence	sintetiko
Crystal structure	​face-centered cubic (fcc) (predicted)[2]
CAS Number	10028-14-5
History
Naming	after Alfred Nobel
Discovery	Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (1965)
Isotopes of nobelium t b
Main isotopes[5] Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 253No synth 1.6 min α55% 249Fm β+45% 253Md 254No synth 51 s α90% 250Fm β+10% 254Md 255No synth 3.5 min α61% 251Fm β+39% 255Md 257No synth 25 s α99% 253Fm β+1% 257Md 259No synth 58 min α75% 255Fm ε25% 259Md SF<10% –
Kategorya: Nobelium tingnan usapan baguhin | references

Mga sanggunian

1. Lide, David R., pat. (2003). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (ika-84th (na) edisyon). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0484-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
2. Fournier, Jean-Marc (1976). "Bonding and the electronic structure of the actinide metals". Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 37 (2): 235–244. Bibcode:1976JPCS...37..235F. doi:10.1016/0022-3697(76)90167-0.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
3. Dean, John A., pat. (1999). Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (ika-15 (na) edisyon). McGraw-Hill. Section 4; Table 4.5, Electronegativities of the Elements.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
4. Sato, Tetsuya K.; Asai, Masato; Borschevsky, Anastasia; Beerwerth, Randolf; Kaneya, Yusuke; Makii, Hiroyuki; Mitsukai, Akina; Nagame, Yuichiro; Osa, Akihiko; Toyoshima, Atsushi; Tsukada, Kazuki; Sakama, Minoru; Takeda, Shinsaku; Ooe, Kazuhiro; Sato, Daisuke; Shigekawa, Yudai; Ichikawa, Shin-ichi; Düllmann, Christoph E.; Grund, Jessica; Renisch, Dennis; Kratz, Jens V.; Schädel, Matthias; Eliav, Ephraim; Kaldor, Uzi; Fritzsche, Stephan; Stora, Thierry (25 Oktubre 2018). "First Ionization Potentials of Fm, Md, No, and Lr: Verification of Filling-Up of 5f Electrons and Confirmation of the Actinide Series". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 140 (44): 14609–14613. doi:10.1021/jacs.8b09068.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
5. Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
6. Gaboy, Luciano L. Nobelium, nobelyum, nobelyo, No; ayon sa sangguniang ito, natuklasan ito noong 1958 - Gabby's Dictionary: Praktikal na Talahuluganang Ingles-Filipino ni Gabby/Gabby's Practical English-Filipino Dictionary, GabbyDictionary.com.

1. The density is calculated from the predicted metallic radius (Silva 2008, p. 1639) and the predicted close-packed crystal structure (Fournier 1976).