Baryo (elemento)

Ang baryo o baryum (Kastila: bario,Ingles: barium) ay isang elementong kimikal na mag sagisag na Ba, atomikong bilang na 56, atomikong timbang na 137.34, punto ng pagkatunaw na 725 °C, punto ng pagkulong 1,140 °C, espesipikong grabidad na 3.50, at balensiyang 2. Malambot ito at parang maputing pilak na may alkalinang panglupang metal. Ginagamit ito sa deoksidasyon ng tansong nakalangkap sa mga aloy. Ginagamit itong sangkap na lason laban sa pesteng mga daga. Natuklasan ito ni Humphry Davy noong 1808.^[8]

Barium, ₅₆Ba

Barium
Bigkas	/ˈbɛəriəm/ ​(BAIR-ee-əm)
Appearance	silvery gray; with a pale yellow tint[1]
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ba)
	137.327±0.007 137.33±0.01 (pinaikli)[2][3]
Barium sa talahanayang peryodiko
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson Sr ↑ Ba ↓ Ra caesium ← barium → lanthanum
Atomikong bilang (Z)	56
Group	2
Period	6
Block	s-block
Electron configuration	[Xe] 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solido
Melting point	1000 K ​(727 °C, ​1341 °F)
Boiling point	2118 K ​(1845 °C, ​3353 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	3.594 g/cm3 [4]
when liquid (at m.p.)	3.338 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	7.12 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	142 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	28.07 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 911 1038 1185 1388 1686 2170
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	+1, +2 (isang matapang na panimulang oksido)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 0.89
Ionization energies	1st: 502.9 kJ/mol 2nd: 965.2 kJ/mol 3rd: 3600 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	empirical: 222 pm
Covalent radius	215±11 pm
Van der Waals radius	268 pm
Mga linyang espektral ng barium
Other properties
Crystal structure	​body-centered cubic (bcc) (cI2)
Lattice constant	a = 502.5 pm (at 20 °C)[4]
Thermal expansion	20.47×10−6/K (at 20 °C)[4]
Thermal conductivity	18.4 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	332 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic[5]
Molar magnetic susceptibility	+20.6×10−6 cm3/mol[6]
Young's modulus	13 GPa
Shear modulus	4.9 GPa
Bulk modulus	9.6 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	1620 m/s (at 20 °C)
Mohs hardness	1.25
CAS Number	7440-39-3
History
Discovery	Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1772)
First isolation	Humphry Davy (1808)
Isotopes of barium t b
Main isotopes[7] Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 130Ba 0.11% (0.5–2.7)×1021 y εε 130Xe 132Ba 0.1% stable 133Ba synth 10.51 y ε 133Cs 134Ba 2.42% stable 135Ba 6.59% stable 136Ba 7.85% stable 137Ba 11.2% stable 138Ba 71.7% stable
Kategorya: Barium tingnan usapan baguhin | references

Tungkol ito sa elementong kimikal, para sa bahagi ng pamayanang katumbas ng barangay, pumunta sa baryo.

Mga sanggunian

1. Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (ika-2nd (na) edisyon). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
2. "Standard Atomic Weights: Barium" (sa wikang Ingles). CIAAW. 1985.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
3. Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (sa wikang Ingles). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
4. Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
5. Lide, D. R., pat. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (ika-86th (na) edisyon). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
6. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
7. Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
8. Gaboy, Luciano L. Barium, Baryum, may simbolong Ba - Gabby's Dictionary: Praktikal na Talahuluganang Ingles-Filipino ni Gabby/Gabby's Practical English-Filipino Dictionary, GabbyDictionary.com.