ରୁପା

ରୁପା ([Silver; ସିଲ୍‌ଭର୍] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help)) ହେଉଛି ଏକ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଯାହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ Ag (ଗ୍ରୀକ: άργυρος árguros; ଆର୍‌ଗୁରୋସ୍, [argentum; ଆର୍‌ଜେଣ୍ଟମ୍] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help), ଉଭୟ ପ୍ରାଚୀନ ଇଣ୍ଡୋ-ୟୁରୋପୀୟ ମୂଳ *arg-ରୁ ଆସିଛି,ମାନେ "grey" କିମ୍ବା "shining") ଓ ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୪୭ ।

Silver,  ₄₇Ag

Electrolytically refined silver
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ	silver, Ag
Appearance	lustrous white metal
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ	/ˈsɪlvər/
Silver in the periodic table
Cu ↑ Ag ↓ Au palladium ← silver → cadmium
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)	47
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ	group 11, d-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ	period 5
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର	transition metal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar)	107.8682
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ	[Kr] 4d10 5s1
per shell	2, 8, 18, 18, 1
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥା	solid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ	1234.93 K ​(961.78 °C, ​1763.2 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ	2435 K ​(2162 °C, ​3924 °F)
Density near r.t.	10.49 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	9.320 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	11.28 kJ/mol
Heat of	250.58 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.350 J/(mol·K)
pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1283 1413 1575 1782 2055 2433
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	1, 2, 3 (amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.93
Atomic radius	empirical: 144 pm
Covalent radius	145±5 pm
Van der Waals radius	172 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​face-centered cubic (fcc)
Speed of sound thin rod	2680 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion	18.9 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	429 W/(m·K)
Thermal diffusivity	174 mm2/s (at 300 K)
Electrical resistivity	15.87 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic[1]
Young's modulus	83 GPa
Shear modulus	30 GPa
Bulk modulus	100 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.37
Mohs hardness	2.5
Vickers hardness	251 MPa
Brinell hardness	206 MPa
CAS Number	7440-22-4
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାର	before 5000 BC
Most stable isotopes of silver
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 105Ag syn 41.2 d ε - 105Pd γ 0.344, 0.280, 0.644, 0.443 - 106mAg syn 8.28 d ε - 106Pd γ 0.511, 0.717, 1.045, 0.450 - 107Ag 51.839% 107Ag is stable with 60 neutrons 108mAg syn 418 y ε - 108Pd IT 0.109 108Ag γ 0.433, 0.614, 0.722 - 109Ag 48.161% 109Ag is stable with 62 neutrons 111Ag syn 7.45 d β− 1.036, 0.694 111Cd γ 0.342 -
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ଆଧାର

1. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

ବାହାର ତଥ୍ୟ

• Chemistry in its element podcast (MP3) from the Royal Society of Chemistry's Chemistry World: Silver
• Silver at The Periodic Table of Videos (University of Nottingham)
• Society of American Silversmiths
• The Silver Institute A silver industry website
• A collection of silver items Samples of silver
• Transport, Fate and Effects of Silver in the Environment
• Picture in the Element collection from Heinrich Pniok Archived 2017-05-25 at the Wayback Machine.