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Agama di Thailand beragam. Tidak ada agama negara resmi dalam konstitusi Thai, kebebasan beragama diberikan kepada seluruh warga negara Thai, meskipun raja yang disahkan secara hukum harus beragama Buddha Theravada.[2] Agama utama yang dipraktikan di Thailand adalah Buddha. Penduduk Tionghoa Thai juga mempraktikan agama tradisional Tionghoa, termasuk Tao. Beberapa etnis lainnya, khususnya kelompok etnis Isan, mempraktikan agama tradisional Thai. Jumlah Muslim yang signifikan, yang kebanyakan meliputi Melayu Thai, terdapat di wilayah selatan.
Agama Buddha di Thailand sebagian besar beraliran Theravada. Sekitar 93.47% dari jumlah penduduk di Thailand adalah Buddha dari aliran Theravada, meskipun Buddha Thai dipraktikan bersama dengan agama asli Tionghoa oleh Tionghoa Thai.[3]
Wihara-wihara Buddha di Thailand diciri-cirikan dengan stupa-stupa emas yang tinggi, dan arsitektur Buddha Thailand yang mirip dengan negara-negara Asia Tenggara lainnya, khususnya Kamboja dan Laos, yang berbagi warisan sejarah dengan Kamboja.
Agama | Sensus 2010[4] | Sensus 2015[5] | Sensus 2018[1] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Populasi | % | Populasi | % | Populasi | % | |
Buddha | 61,746,429 | 93.58% | 63,620,298 | 94.50% | 63,299,192 | 93.46% |
Islam | 3,259,340 | 4.94% | 4.29% | 3,639,233 | 5.37% | |
Kristen | 789,376 | 1.20% | 1.17% | 767,624 | 1.13% | |
Hindu | 41,808 | 0.06% | 0.03% | 12,195 | 0.018% | |
Sikh | 11,124 | 0.02% | 0.001% | |||
Konghucu | 16,718 | 0.02% | 1,030 | 0.001% | 2,009 | 0.003% |
Lainnya | 70,742 | 0.11% | 1,583 | 0.002% | ||
Tanpa agama | 46,122 | 0.07% | 2,925 | 0.005% | 2,082 | 0.003% |
Tidak diketahui | 3,820 | 0.005% | - | - | 4,085 | 0.016% |
Total | 65,981,660 | 100% | 67,228,562 | 100% | 67,726,419 | 100% |
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Berdasarkan data sensus 2015,[5] dari 67.328.562 jiwa penduduk Thailand, mereka memeluk agama yang berbeda-beda. Berikut adalah jumlah penduduk berdasarkan kelompok agama yang dianut menurut wilayah:
Agama | Bangkok | % | Wilayah Tengah | % | Wilayah Utara | % | Wilayah Timur Laut | % | Wilayah Selatan | % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Buddha | 8,197,188 | 93.95% | 18,771,520 | 97.57% | 11,044,018 | 96.23% | 18,698,599 | 99.83% | 6,908,973 | 75.45% |
Islam | 364,855 | 4.18% | 247,430 | 1.29% | 35,561 | 0.31% | 16,851 | 0.09% | 2,227,613 | 24.33% |
Kristen | 146,592 | 1.68% | 214,444 | 1.11% | 393,969 | 3.43% | 13,825 | 0.07% | 18,759 | 0.21% |
Hindu | 16,306 | 0.19% | 5,280 | 0.03% | 207 | 0.002% | 318 | 0.001% | - | - |
Sikh | - | - | - | - | 378 | 0.003% | - | - | 491 | 0.005% |
Lainnya | - | - | 294 | 0.00% | 1,808 | 0.16% | - | - | 359 | 0.004% |
Tidak beragama | 289 | 0.00% | 473 | 0.002% | 1,001 | 0.01% | 436 | 0.002% | 726 | 0.008% |
Berdasarkan data sensus 2010, penduduk Thailand memeluk agama yang berbeda-beda. Berikut adalah jumlah penduduk berdasarkan kelompok agama yang dianut menurut provinsi:
Religion | Buddha | % | Islam | % | Kristen | % | Hindu | % | Konghucu | % | Sikh | % | Lainnya | % | Tidak beragama | % | Tidak diketahui | % | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bangkok[6] | 7,686,022 | 92.54% | 382,385 | 4.60% | 157,534 | 1.89% | 22,820 | 0.27% | 6,800 | 0.08% | 7,183 | 0.08% | 24,330 | 0.29% | 17,091 | 0.20% | 1,053 | 0.01% | 8,305,218 |
Amnat Charoen[7] | 281,675 | 99.28% | 267 | 0.09% | 1,649 | 0.58% | 59 | 0.02% | 13 | 0.01% | 13 | 0.01% | 53 | 0.02% | - | - | - | - | 283,729 |
Ang Thong[8] | 249,847 | 98.25% | 3,994 | 1.57% | 213 | 0.08% | 172 | 0.07% | 7 | 0.01% | 7 | 0.01% | 42 | 0.01% | 9 | 0.01% | - | - | 254,292 |
Bueng Kan[9] | 360,468 | 99.37% | 242 | 0.07% | 1,913 | 0.53% | 96 | 0.03% | 21 | 0.01% | 12 | 0.01% | - | - | 3 | 0.01% | - | - | 362,754 |
Buriram[10] | 1,261,658 | 98.96% | 1,911 | 0.15% | 7,508 | 0.59% | 745 | 0.06% | 278 | 0.02% | 131 | 0.01% | 1,746 | 0.14% | 911 | 0.07% | 25 | 0.01% | 1,274,912 |
Chachoengsao[11] | 663,790 | 92.76% | 46,041 | 6.43% | 4,457 | 0.62% | 231 | 0.03% | 43 | 0.01% | 55 | 0.01% | 626 | 0.09% | 360 | 0.05% | - | - | 715,603 |
Chai Nat[12] | 304,407 | 99.61% | 592 | 0.19% | 424 | 0.14% | 35 | 0.01% | 23 | 0.01% | 18 | 0.01% | 47 | 0.02% | 41 | 0.01% | - | - | 305,587 |
Chaiyaphum[13] | 961,401 | 99.74% | 944 | 0.10% | 1,185 | 0.12% | 227 | 0.02% | 59 | 0.01% | 57 | 0.01% | 9 | 0.01% | 16 | 0.01% | 9 | 0.01% | 963,907 |
Chanthaburi[14] | 475,653 | 97.95% | 1,937 | 0.40% | 5,922 | 1.22% | 129 | 0.03% | 65 | 0.01% | 40 | 0.01% | 1,016 | 0.21% | 849 | 0.17% | - | - | 485,611 |
Chiang Mai[15] | 1,592,164 | 91.66% | 6,789 | 0.39% | 133,761 | 7.70% | 790 | 0.05% | 365 | 0.02% | 189 | 0.01% | 546 | 0.03% | 2,420 | 0.14% | 17 | 0.01% | 1,737,041 |
Chiang Rai[16] | 1,065,169 | 90.81% | 3,167 | 0.27% | 103,450 | 8.82% | 478 | 0.04% | 212 | 0.02% | 52 | 0.01% | 139 | 0.01% | 245 | 0.02% | 15 | 0.01% | 1,172,928 |
Chonburi[17] | 1,463,280 | 94.08% | 23,269 | 1.50% | 56,878 | 3.66% | 1,155 | 0.07% | 610 | 0.04% | 426 | 0.03% | 6,139 | 0.39% | 3,601 | 0.23% | - | - | 1,555,358 |
Chumphon[18] | 462,822 | 98.94% | 3,545 | 0.76% | 1,040 | 0.22% | 115 | 0.02% | 88 | 0.02% | 11 | 0.01% | 79 | 0.01% | 101 | 0.02% | - | - | 467,801 |
Kalasin[19] | 821,714 | 99.66% | 1,058 | 0.13% | 1,348 | 0.16% | 72 | 0.01% | 30 | 0.01% | 33 | 0.01% | 203 | 0.02% | 76 | 0.01% | - | - | 824,534 |
Kamphaeng Phet[20] | 790,017 | 99.08% | 1,571 | 0.20% | 3,775 | 0.47% | 226 | 0.03% | 124 | 0.01% | 94 | 0.01% | 746 | 0.09% | 838 | 0.11% | - | - | 797,391 |
Kanchanaburi[21] | 789,692 | 98.52% | 2,849 | 0.35% | 7,833 | 0.97% | 203 | 0.02% | 204 | 0.02% | 20 | 0.01% | 145 | 0.01% | 573 | 0.07% | - | - | 801,519 |
Khon Kaen[22] | 1,731,964 | 99.43% | 2,593 | 0.15% | 6,251 | 0.36% | 517 | 0.03% | 232 | 0.01% | 370 | 0.02% | 39 | 0.01% | 2 | 0.01% | 2 | 0.01% | 1,741,969 |
Krabi[23] | 235,594 | 65.04% | 125,476 | 34.64% | 517 | 0.14% | 120 | 0.03% | 59 | 0.01% | 34 | 0.01% | 305 | 0.08% | 93 | 0.02% | 5 | 0.01% | 362,203 |
Lampang[24] | 729,866 | 98.21% | 1,422 | 0.19% | 10,730 | 1.44% | 68 | 0.01% | 108 | 0.01% | 37 | 0.01% | 665 | 0.08% | 243 | 0.03% | 3 | 0.01% | 743,143 |
Lamphun[25] | 410,259 | 99.40% | 631 | 0.15% | 1,698 | 0.41% | 30 | 0.01% | 12 | 0.01% | 16 | 0.01% | 96 | 0.02% | - | - | - | - | 412,741 |
Loei[26] | 543,592 | 99.55% | 544 | 0.10% | 1,778 | 0.33% | - | - | 12 | 0.01% | 17 | 0.01% | 73 | 0.01% | 16 | 0.01% | - | - | 546,031 |
Lopburi[27] | 765,821 | 99.47% | 1,525 | 0.20% | 1,304 | 0.17% | 141 | 0.02% | 55 | 0.01% | 51 | 0.01% | 294 | 0.04% | 733 | 0.10% | - | - | 769,925 |
Mae Hong Son[28] | |||||||||||||||||||
Maha Sarakham[29] | |||||||||||||||||||
Mukdahan[30] | |||||||||||||||||||
Nakhon Nayok[31] | |||||||||||||||||||
Nakhon Pathom[32] | 928,954 | 98.42% | 2,162 | 0.23% | 9,803 | 1.04% | 444 | 0.05% | 108 | 0.01% | 38 | 0.01% | 1,574 | 0.17% | 810 | 0.09% | - | - | 943,892 |
Nakhon Phanom[33] | |||||||||||||||||||
Nakhon Ratchasima[34] | |||||||||||||||||||
Nakhon Sawan[35] | |||||||||||||||||||
Nakhon Si Thammarat[36] | 1,353,244 | 93.30% | 94,914 | 6.54% | 1,323 | 0.09% | 250 | 0.02% | 167 | 0.01% | 29 | 0.01% | 538 | 0.03% | - | - | - | - | 1,450,466 |
Nan[37] | 444,201 | 98.10% | 329 | 0.07% | 8,071 | 1.78% | 27 | 0.01% | 10 | 0.01% | 19 | 0.01% | 156 | 0.03% | - | - | - | - | 452,814 |
Narathiwat[38] | 93,968 | 14.02% | 575,585 | 85.90% | 212 | 0.03% | 44 | 0.01% | 161 | 0.02% | 30 | 0.01% | 2 | 0.01% | - | - | - | - | 670,002 |
Nong Bua Lamphu[39] | 484,770 | 99.75% | 448 | 0.09% | 650 | 0.13% | 57 | 0.01% | 13 | 0.01% | 19 | 0.01% | - | - | 17 | 0.01% | - | - | 485,974 |
Nong Khai[40] | 817,218 | 99.48% | 575 | 0.07% | 3,416 | 0.42% | 214 | 0.03% | 61 | 0.01% | 32 | 0.01% | - | - | 10 | 0.01% | - | - | 821,526 |
Nonthaburi[41] | 1,282,703 | 96.14% | 41,816 | 3.13% | 7,760 | 0.59% | 656 | 0.05% | 373 | 0.01% | 89 | 0.01% | 172 | 0.01% | 473 | 0.03% | 40 | 0.01% | 1,334,083 |
Pathum Thani[42] | 1,271,785 | 95.83% | 35,867 | 2.70% | 9,807 | 0.74% | 1,367 | 0.10% | 706 | 0.05% | 99 | 0.01% | 6,592 | 0.50% | 845 | 0.06% | 78 | 0.01% | 1,327,147 |
Pattani[43] | 94,507 | 15.52% | 513,841 | 84.37% | 221 | 0.04% | 77 | 0.01% | 58 | 0.01% | 49 | 0.01% | 237 | 0.39% | 23 | 0.01% | 3 | 0.01% | 609,015 |
Phang Nga[44] | 200,324 | 77.48% | 57,081 | 22.08% | 786 | 0.30% | 98 | 0.04% | 23 | 0.01% | 46 | 0.01% | 2 | 0.01% | 174 | 0.07% | - | - | 258,534 |
Phatthalung[45] | 423,199 | 87.99% | 56,282 | 11.70% | 973 | 0.20% | 79 | 0.02% | 109 | 0.02% | 24 | 0.01% | 248 | 0.05% | 58 | 0.01% | 3 | 0.01% | 480,976 |
Phayao[46] | 412,121 | 98.74% | 487 | 0.12% | 4,275 | 1.02% | 35 | 0.01% | 19 | 0.01% | 14 | 0.01% | 103 | 0.02% | 321 | 0.07% | 4 | 0.01% | 417,380 |
Phetchabun[47] | 929,722 | 98.90% | 2,774 | 0.30% | 5,818 | 0.62% | 392 | 0.04% | 499 | 0.05% | 57 | 0.01% | 407 | 0.04% | 400 | 0.04% | 7 | 0.01% | 940,076 |
Phetchaburi[48] | 460,327 | 97.41% | 10,398 | 2.20% | 1,411 | 0.30% | 61 | 0.01% | 52 | 0.01% | 5 | 0.01% | 128 | 0.03% | 206 | 0.04% | - | - | 472,589 |
Phichit[49] | |||||||||||||||||||
Phitsanulok[50] | |||||||||||||||||||
Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya[51] | 827,251 | 95.01% | 37,056 | 4.26% | 3,024 | 0.35% | 330 | 0.04% | 78 | 0.01% | 44 | 0.01% | 458 | 0.05% | 57 | 0.01% | 2,373 | 0.27% | 870,671 |
Phrae[52] | 423,310 | 99.04% | 551 | 0.13% | 3,118 | 0.73% | 45 | 0.01% | 52 | 0.01% | 35 | 0.01% | 184 | 0.04% | 101 | 0.02% | 2 | 0.01% | 427,398 |
Phuket[53] | 418,025 | 79.52% | 83,969 | 15.97% | 19,058 | 3.63% | 1,011 | 0.19% | 67 | 0.01% | 104 | 0.02% | 930 | 0.18% | 2,453 | 0.47% | 91 | 0.02% | 525,709 |
Prachinburi[54] | |||||||||||||||||||
Prachuap Khiri Khan[55] | |||||||||||||||||||
Ranong[56] | |||||||||||||||||||
Ratchaburi[57] | 781,901 | 98.14% | 2,802 | 0.35% | 10,108 | 1.27% | 411 | 0.05% | 205 | 0.03% | 90 | 0.01% | 474 | 0.06% | 757 | 0.10% | - | - | 796,748 |
Rayong[58] | |||||||||||||||||||
Roi Et[59] | |||||||||||||||||||
Sa Kaeo[60] | 553,526 | 99.56% | 721 | 0.13% | 1,393 | 0.25% | 90 | 0.01% | 31 | 0.01% | 14 | 0.01% | 54 | 0.01% | 132 | 0.02% | - | - | 555,961 |
Sakon Nakhon[61] | |||||||||||||||||||
Samut Prakan[62] | |||||||||||||||||||
Samut Prakan[63] | |||||||||||||||||||
Samut Songkhram[64] | |||||||||||||||||||
Saraburi[65] | |||||||||||||||||||
Satun[66] | 89,715 | 32.64% | 184,552 | 67.14% | 403 | 0.15% | 17 | 0.01% | 152 | 0.06% | 16 | 0.01% | - | - | 8 | 0.01% | - | - | 274,863 |
Sing Buri[67] | 197,857 | 98.94% | 891 | 0.45% | 1,149 | 0.57% | 50 | 0.03% | 3 | 0.01% | 7 | 0.01% | - | - | 23 | 0.01% | 2 | 0.01% | 199,982 |
Sisaket[68] | 1,047,650 | 99.21% | 1,677 | 0.16% | 5,818 | 0.55% | 196 | 0.02% | 30 | 0.01% | 41 | 0.01% | 312 | 0.03% | 255 | 0.02% | - | - | 1,055,979 |
Songkhla[69] | 1,102,830 | 74.46% | 374,728 | 25.30% | 2,635 | 0.18% | 218 | 0.01% | 214 | 0.01% | 37 | 0.01% | 271 | 0.01% | 88 | 0.01% | - | - | 1,481,021 |
Sukhothai[70] | |||||||||||||||||||
Suphan Buri[71] | |||||||||||||||||||
Surat Thani[72] | 978,368 | 96.93% | 22,521 | 2.23% | 2,313 | 0.23% | 460 | 0.05% | 238 | 0.02% | 42 | 0.01% | 2,469 | 0.24% | 2,940 | 0.29% | - | - | 1,009,351 |
Surin[73] | |||||||||||||||||||
Tak[74] | |||||||||||||||||||
Trang[75] | 511,698 | 85.44% | 85,609 | 14.29% | 1,216 | 0.20% | 74 | 0.01% | 13 | 0.01% | 26 | 0.01% | 200 | 0.03% | 40 | 0.01% | - | - | 598,877 |
Trat[76] | |||||||||||||||||||
Ubon Ratchathani[77] | |||||||||||||||||||
Udon Thani[78] | |||||||||||||||||||
Uthai Thani[79] | |||||||||||||||||||
Uttaradit[80] | |||||||||||||||||||
Yala[81] | 100,778 | 23.27% | 331,747 | 76.59% | 453 | 0.10% | 69 | 0.02% | 61 | 0.01% | 40 | 0.01% | - | - | 16 | 0.01% | 3 | 0.01% | 433,167 |
Yasothon[82] | 482,651 | 98.91% | 453 | 0.09% | 4,689 | 0.96% | 140 | 0.03% | 28 | 0.01% | 15 | 0.01% | - | - | - | - | - | - | 487,976 |
Total | 61,746,429 | 100% | 3,259,340 | 100% | 789,376 | 100% | 41,808 | 100% | 16,718 | 100% | 11,124 | 100% | 66,922 | 100% | 46,122 | 100% | 3,820 | 100% | 65,981,660 |
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