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Usman Dan Fodiyo
Usman Dan Fodiyo malamin Addinin Musulunci wanda ya jaddada Musulunci, a nahiyar Afrika kuma shi ya ƙirƙira masarautar Sokoto / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo An haife shi ne a ranar 15 ga watan Disamba a shekara ta alif ɗari bakwai da hamsin da huɗu, 1754 a garin Marratta, a yankin Agadez, Jamhurriyar Nijar[permanent dead link]
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Rayuwa | |||
Haihuwa | Gobir, 15 Disamba 1754 | ||
ƙasa | Daular Sokoto | ||
Ƙabila | Mutanen Fulani | ||
Mutuwa | Sokoto, 1817 | ||
Ƴan uwa | |||
Yara | |||
Ahali | Abdullahi dan Fodio | ||
Karatu | |||
Harsuna |
Turanci Larabci Hausa Fillanci | ||
Sana'a | |||
Sana'a | marubuci, mai falsafa da maiwaƙe | ||
Imani | |||
Addini | Musulunci |
Shehu Usumanu Usman Ɗan fodiyo عُثْمَانْ طَࢽْ ࢻُودِیُواْ (Hausa) عثمان بن فوديُ (Larabci) | |
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عثمان بن فودي | |
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Title | Sarkin Musulmi, Amir al-Mu'minin, Shehu |
Personal | |
Haihuwa |
15 December 1754 Marratta, Niger Republic |
Mutuwa |
20 April 1817 |
Addini | Islam |
Yara | |
Iyaye |
|
Dynasty | Masarautar Sokoto |
Reshan addini | Sunna |
Mazhabi | Malikiyya |
Akida | Athari[1] |
Darika | Ƙadiriya[2][3] |
Samar da | Ƙasar Musulunci |
Muslim leader | |
Gada daga | None |
Magaji |
(Mohammad Bello): Muhammed Bello, Yaro. Gabashi (Gwandu): Abdullahi dan Fodio, Dan uwa. |
![Thumb image](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7_%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A.png/640px-%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7_%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A.png)
Ya rasu a ranar 20, ga watan Afrilu shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da goma sha bakwai, 1817 a cikin garin Sokoto.
Sunan Shehun malamin Usman bin Fodiyo da Larabci: عثمان بن فودي ) Fodiyo kalmar fullanci ce wato Mujaddadi. Sunan mahaifin sa Malam Muhammadu, mahaifiyar sa kuma mai suna malama Maimunatu.
Yana da yara sama da ashirin da bakwai da matan da ya aura hudu (ba a samu bayanin yadda ya auri mata sama da hudu Ƴaƴayen sa biyu wadanda aka fi sani sune, ɗan sa namiji mai suna Muhammadu Bello, da kuma ƴarsa mai suna Nana Asma'u.[4] [5] Ana masa laƙabi da Mujaddadi, ko Shehu. Shine kuma jagoran jihadi na jaddada addinin Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa. Tunda ya taso yaga an daɗe da musulunci a wajen sama da shekara 400 kafin a haife shi amma a dede wannan lokacin Alummar kasar hausa suna sukar addinin musulunci da gargajiya. Domin karin bayanin ka karanta littafinsa na Wasikatul Ikhwan. Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo Malamin addinin Musulunci ne, Marubuci, kuma wanda ya kafa Daular Musulunci cikin ƙasar Hausa a Sakkwato.Ya kasance malamin Fulani, malamin addini, mai son kawo sauyi, kuma shine ya kafa ƙungiyar Khalifancin Sakkwato.[6].
Dan Fodio ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin wayayyun mutane a cikin Fulani na farko. Shehu Usman Ɗan fodiyo malamin Sunnah ne mabiyin koyarwa akan tsarin Babban Malamin nan wato Imam Malik wanda ake ƙira da Maliki. Yayi duk rayuwarsa ne a ƙasar Najeriya. Ana masa laƙabi da Amir-al-mumin[7] Usman Ɗan Fodiyo kuma Sultan na Sakkwato na farko.
A matsayinsa na malamin addinin musulunci kuma mai karantarwa akan Mazhabar Malikiyya ya rayu a garin Gobir har zuwa alif dubu daya da dari takwas da biyu 1802, ya zama Sarkin Gobir Bawa Jangwarzo ya riƙe shi tamkar ɗan da ya haifa.[8]. [9]Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo yayi yaki a tsakanin shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari takwas da huɗu 1804 har zuwa alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari takwas da sha biyu 1812, ya fito ne daga ƙabilar Toronkawa na fulani.[10]
Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo ya kasance daga zuriyar ɗaya daga cikin dangin (Toronkawa) na ƙabilar Fulanin dake zaune a cikin Masarautun Hausa tun daga farkon shekara ta alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari hudu 1400.[11] A yankin da ke arewacin Najeriya a yanzu, ya kasance yana bin karantarwar Malikiyya makaranta ta fiƙhu (Islamic fikihu) da kuma nuni wajen bin tsarin Musulunci hakana kuma yana bin ɗarikar ƙadiriyya a ɗarikun sufaye.
Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo ya rubuta littattafai sama da ɗari waɗanda suka shafi addini musulunci, mulki, al'adu, da kuma zamantakewar al'umma. Bayan haka Usman Ɗan Fodiyo ya ci gaba da sukar manyan musulman Afirika da ke akwai saboda abin da ya gani a matsayin son zuciyarsu da maguzanci da keta dokokin Shari'a da amfani da haraji mai yawa.[ana buƙatar hujja]. Ya ƙarfafa karatu ga mata har da maza, saboda haka 'ya'yansa mata da yawa sun zama malamai marubuta. An ci gaba da kawo rubuce-rubucensa Usman Dan Fodiyo ne da kuma maganganunsa a yau. Wasu mabiyan suna daukar Usman Ɗan Fodiyo a matsayin mujaddadi mai wahayi daga Allah "mai gyara addinin Islama" har suna neman kai shi matsayin annabawa saboda jahilci.[12]
Tashin ci gaban Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo yayi wani yunkuri ne da aka bayyana a matsayin masu jahadi na Fulani a ƙarni na goma sha bakwai da sha takwas har zuwa na sha tara. Ya biyo bayan jahadi cikin nasara da akayi a Futa Bundu, Futa Tooro da kuma Futa Djallon a tsakanin shekarar alif 1650 zuwa alif 1750, wanda ya haifar da ƙirƙirar waɗannan ƙasashe guda uku na Islama. A nasa bangaren Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo ya yi wa wasu da dama daga cikin jahadin Afirika ta yamma wanda daga baya, ciki har da na Shehu Ahmadu, wanda ya kafa daular Massina da Umar Sa'idu Tall, wanda ya kafa daular Toucouleur wanda ya auri ɗaya daga cikin jikokin ɗan Fodiyo da kuma Modibo Adama wanda ya kafa ta, a masarautar Adamawa cikin Najeriya. [ana bukatar hujja]