teren

See also: téren and terén

Basque

Noun

teren

1. genitive indefinite of te

Crimean Tatar

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: te‧ren

Adjective

teren

1. deep, profound
2. dark (with compound words)

Related terms

• teren olmağan
• terence
• terenleştirmek
• terenleştirüv
• terenlik
• terenlikke

 

References

• “teren”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈteːrə(n)/
• Rhymes: -eːrən

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch tēren (“to destroy, to use (up)”), from Old Dutch *terien, from Proto-Germanic *tarjaną, related to *teraną (“to tear, rip apart”). Cognate with German zehren. Also related with English tear (“to rip”).

Verb

teren

1. (intransitive) to eat or drink what is necessary to survive
2. (intransitive) to live, survive by consumption
3. (intransitive, archaic) to rot, to decompose, to waste away
4. (intransitive, archaic) to be digested

Conjugation

Conjugation of teren (weak)
infinitive	teren
past singular	teerde
past participle	geteerd
infinitive	teren
gerund	teren n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	teer	teerde
2nd person sing. (jij)	teert, teer2	teerde
2nd person sing. (u)	teert	teerde
2nd person sing. (gij)	teert	teerde
3rd person singular	teert	teerde
plural	teren	teerden
subjunctive sing.1	tere	teerde
subjunctive plur.1	teren	teerden
imperative sing.	teer
imperative plur.1	teert
participles	terend	geteerd
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

• beteren
• opteren
• tering
• verteren

 

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch teren, terren. Equivalent to teer +‎ -en.

Verb

teren

1. (transitive) to tar

Conjugation

Conjugation of teren (weak)
infinitive	teren
past singular	teerde
past participle	geteerd
infinitive	teren
gerund	teren n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	teer	teerde
2nd person sing. (jij)	teert, teer2	teerde
2nd person sing. (u)	teert	teerde
2nd person sing. (gij)	teert	teerde
3rd person singular	teert	teerde
plural	teren	teerden
subjunctive sing.1	tere	teerde
subjunctive plur.1	teren	teerden
imperative sing.	teer
imperative plur.1	teert
participles	terend	geteerd
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

• beteren

Anagrams

• rente

Esperanto

Etymology

tere (“on the ground”) +‎ -n

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈteren]
• Rhymes: -eren
• Hyphenation: te‧ren

Adverb

teren

1. to the ground, onto the ground
   • 1907, Kabe, chapter 21, in La Faraono, part 1, Hachette, translation of Faraon by Bolesław Prus:

     La popolo, en festaj vestoj, kun branĉetoj en la manoj, formis spaliron kaj kriis, kantis aŭ falis teren antaŭ la kronprinco.

     The people, in festive clothes and with twigs in their hands, formed a row and shouted, sang, or fell to the ground in front of the crown prince.

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin terrēnum. Cf. Italian terreno.

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Noun

teren m (plural terens)

1. terrain, ground, land, country

Related terms

• tiere
• terest

Galician

Verb

teren

1. third-person plural personal infinitive of ter

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *terien, from Proto-Germanic *tarjaną, related to *teraną (“to tear, rip apart”).

Verb

tēren

1. to consume, to use up
2. to eat
3. to digest

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Dutch: teren
  • Afrikaans: teer
• Limburgish: taere

Further reading

• “teren”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “teren (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I

Middle English

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old English teran, from Proto-West Germanic *teran, from Proto-Germanic *teraną.

Alternative forms

• teer, teere, tere, tern, teryn, teer

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɛːrən/, /ˈtɛːrn/

Verb

teren (third-person singular simple present tereth, present participle terynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative tar, past participle torn)

1. To tear; to split apart or off (often by ripping):
   1. To tear off a body part (often by hand).
   2. To pull out hair (or another body part).
2. To ruin; to devastate:
   1. To damage or destroy garments or hair.
   2. To demolish a building; to raze or level.
   3. (usually in the past participle) To make tattered or worn; to overuse.
3. To puncture or impale; to make a hole.
4. To lash; to strike skin with a whip.
5. (rare) To forcibly move or remove.

Usage notes

Weak forms occasionally appear in this verb, possibly from a Class 1 weak Old English *teran (distinct from attested strong teran).

Conjugation

infinitive	(to) teren, tere, tern
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	tere	tar, tor
2nd-person singular	terest	tere, tore, tar, tor
3rd-person singular	tereth	tar, tor
subjunctive singular	tere	tere1, tore1
imperative singular		—
plural2	teren, tere, tern	teren, tere, toren, tore
imperative plural	tereth, tere	—
participles	terynge, terende	toren, tore, torn, ytoren, ytore

Conjugation of teren (strong class 4)

¹Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
²Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

• English: tear
• Scots: tere, teir, tair

References

• “tēren, v.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

From teer (“tear”) +‎ -en (infinitival suffix).

Alternative forms

• tere

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɛːrən/

Verb

teren (third-person singular simple present tereth, present participle terende, terynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle tered) (rare)

2. To cry; to produce tears.

Conjugation

infinitive	(to) teren, tere
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	tere	tered
2nd-person singular	terest	teredest
3rd-person singular	tereth	tered
subjunctive singular	tere
imperative singular		—
plural1	teren, tere	tereden, terede
imperative plural	tereth, tere	—
participles	terynge, terende	tered, ytered

Conjugation of teren (weak in -ed)

¹Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

• English: tear
• Scots: tear

References

• “tēren, v.(3).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-12-25.

Etymology 3

From tere (“tear”) +‎ -en (“plural suffix”).

Noun

teren (rare)

1. plural of teer (“tear”)

Nauruan

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Noun

teren

1. neck, throat

Polish

Etymology

Internationalism; possibly borrowed from French terrain or English terrain, ultimately from Latin terrēnum.^[1] First attested in the 19th century.^[2][3]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɛ.rɛn/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛrɛn
• Syllabification: te‧ren

Noun

teren m inan (related adjective terenowy)

1. (countable) terrain, land, turf (area of land surface together with a specific shape, vegetation and natural resources, constituting a certain whole) [with do (+ genitive) or pod (+ accusative) ‘for what’]

   Synonyms: kraina, krajobraz, kraj, okolica, strony

2. (countable) grounds, site (an area with defined boundaries, organized into a single whole)
3. (countable) field, site (place of action)

   Synonym: pole

4. (uncountable, colloquial) division, branch, section, subdivision, department, subsection, sector, unit (area governed by local administration or local branches of some institution or organization, perceived as opposed to the headquarters)

   Antonym: centrala

5. (countable, literary) field (area of someone's activities)

   Synonym: dziedzina

6. (countable, colloquial) splash zone (area covered by the zone of someone's operation)

   Synonym: dziedzina

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	teren	tereny
genitive	terenu	terenów
dative	terenowi	terenom
accusative	teren	tereny
instrumental	terenem	terenami
locative	terenie	terenach
vocative	terenie	tereny

Declension of teren

Derived terms

nouns

• akwen
• profil terenu
• tereny zielone

 

Related terms

adverb

• terenowo

 

noun

• terenowość

 

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), teren is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 40 times in scientific texts, 86 times in news, 71 times in essays, 20 times in fiction, and 9 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 226 times, making it the 243rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.^[4]

References

1. Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “teren”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
2. J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “teren”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 48
3. teren in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
4. Ida Kurcz (1990) “teren”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 601

Further reading

• teren in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• teren in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French terrain, from Vulgar Latin *terrānum, from Latin terrēnum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /teˈren/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -en
• Hyphenation: te‧ren

Noun

teren n (plural terenuri)

1. plot of land (as a commodity or otherwise)

   teren intravilan ― plot of land within city limits

   teren extravilan ― plot of land outside city limits

   teren agricol ― agricultural plot

   teren minat ― minefield

   • 1942, Ion Agârbiceanu, “Valurile, vânturile… [The waves, the winds…]”, in Opere [Works], volume 6, Bucharest: Minerva, published 1971, page 372:

     Toate instalațiile ocupau, la marginea orașului, un teren vast, înconjurat cu zid înalt de beton.

     All the facilities were occupying a vast plot of land, surrounded by a tall concrete wall, at the edge of the city.

   • 2016 February 15, Dinu Boboc, “Aproape jumătate din terenurile agricole din România, cumpărate de străini [Almost half of all agricultural plots in Romania, bought by foreigners]”, in Evenimentul zilei, number 7643, →ISSN, page 10:

     Într-un clasament al cumpărătorilor de teren agricol din România, pe primele locuri se află Italia, urmată de Germania și de țările arabe.

     In a ranking of agricultural land buyers in Romania, Italy is on the first place, followed by Germany and the Arab countries.

2. (uncountable) terrain (land with particular features)

   teren accidentat ― rugged terrain

3. (sports) field, pitch
4. (figurative) field, domain (of knowledge, work, study)

   Synonyms: câmp, domeniu

5. (geology) terrain (area defined by rock formations)

Declension

	singular			plural
	indefinite	definite		indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	teren	terenul		terenuri	terenurile
genitive-dative	teren	terenului		terenuri	terenurilor
vocative	terenule			terenurilor

Derived terms

• alunecare de teren
• câștiga teren
• de teren
• face teren
• pe teren
• pierde teren
• tot-teren

Related terms

• subteran
• țară

Further reading

• teren in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
• Iorgu Iordan, Alexandru Graur, Ion Coteanu, editors (1982), Dicționarul Limbii Române‎, volume 11, part 2, Bucharest: Academy of the Socialist Republic of Romania, pages 199–200

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from French terrain.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /těreːn/
• Hyphenation: te‧ren

Noun

tèrēn m (Cyrillic spelling тѐре̄н)

1. terrain

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	tèrēn	tereni
genitive	teréna	terena
dative	terenu	terenima
accusative	teren	terene
vocative	terene	tereni
locative	terenu	terenima
instrumental	terenom	terenima

Declension of teren