tauta

See also: tautā

Finnish

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ɑutɑ

Noun

tauta

1. partitive singular of tau

Anagrams

• -uttaa, autat

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtʰøyːta/
• Rhymes: -øyːta

Verb

tauta (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative tautaði, supine tautað)

1. to mutter

Conjugation

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að tauta
supine (sagnbót)		tautað
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		tautandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég tauta	við tautum	present (nútíð)	ég tauti	við tautum
	þú tautar	þið tautið		þú tautir	þið tautið
	hann, hún, það tautar	þeir, þær, þau tauta		hann, hún, það tauti	þeir, þær, þau tauti
past (þátíð)	ég tautaði	við tautuðum	past (þátíð)	ég tautaði	við tautuðum
	þú tautaðir	þið tautuðuð		þú tautaðir	þið tautuðuð
	hann, hún, það tautaði	þeir, þær, þau tautuðu		hann, hún, það tautaði	þeir, þær, þau tautuðu
imperative (boðháttur)	tauta (þú)	tautið (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	tautaðu	tautiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

tauta — active voice (germynd)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	tautaður	tautuð	tautað		tautaðir	tautaðar	tautuð
accusative (þolfall)	tautaðan	tautaða	tautað		tautaða	tautaðar	tautuð
dative (þágufall)	tautuðum	tautaðri	tautuðu		tautuðum	tautuðum	tautuðum
genitive (eignarfall)	tautaðs	tautaðrar	tautaðs		tautaðra	tautaðra	tautaðra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	tautaði	tautaða	tautaða		tautuðu	tautuðu	tautuðu
accusative (þolfall)	tautaða	tautuðu	tautaða		tautuðu	tautuðu	tautuðu
dative (þágufall)	tautaða	tautuðu	tautaða		tautuðu	tautuðu	tautuðu
genitive (eignarfall)	tautaða	tautuðu	tautaða		tautuðu	tautuðu	tautuðu

tautaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

Related terms

• taut (“muttering, mumbling”)

Latgalian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tautāˀ. Cognates include Latvian tauta and Lithuanian tauta.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtàu̯ta]
• Hyphenation: tau‧ta

Noun

tauta f

1. people, nation
   • 1973, M. Bukšs, J. Placinskis, Latgaļu volūdas gramatika un pareizraksteibas vōrdneica, Latgaļu izdevnīceiba, page 17:

     VOLŪDAS UN TAUTAS IZPLATEIBA SENOTNĒ

     THE SPREAD OF THE LANGUAGE AND PEOPLE IN THE ANTIQUITY

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	tauta	tautys, tautas1)
genitive	tautys, tautas1)	tautu
dative	tautai	tautom
accusative	tautu	tautys, tautas1)
instrumental	tautu	tautom
locative	tautā	tautuos
vocative	tauta, taut	tautys, tautas1)
1) dialectal

Declension of tauta (type 4 noun)

References

• M. Bukšs, J. Placinskis (1973) Latgaļu volūdas gramatika un pareizraksteibas vōrdneica, Latgaļu izdevnīceiba, page 407

Latvian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tawtā-, from Proto-Indo-European *towtā, an o-grade form of *tewtā-, *tewtéh₂ (“throng, multitude; people; land”), from the stem *tew- (“to swell”).

This word had several meanings in its history, often still found in folk tales: “(group of) foreigners,” “strangers,” “enemy tribe,” etc. (Compare Proto-Slavic *ťȗďь). In the 17th century, ļaudis, not tauta, was used in the sense of “people, nation.” In translations of German texts, (non-native) translators often used tauta to mean also “tribe,” “nation,” “(social) group” (compare German Geschlecht, Gattung), even “(animal or vegetal) species.” In the 19th century, the range of uses was narrowed, especially in the 1850s and 1860s with the first Latvian National Awakening, where the word tauta became associated with the idea of “nation” and was first used to refer to the Latvian people. It then stabilized with its current (political-ethnographic) meaning. Cognates include Lithuanian tautà, Sudovian taud (from *tauta), Old Prussian tauto (“land”), Proto-Germanic *þeudō (Gothic 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰 (þiuda), Old English þeod, Old High German diot, German deutsch, from *þiudiskaz), Old Irish túath (“people, tribe”), Oscan touto (“country, citizens, community”).^[1]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tàwta]

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Noun

tauta f (4th declension)

1. people, nation (historically formed group of people, usually having a common culture, language, and territory)

   latviešu tauta ― the Latvian people, nation

   lietuviešu tauta ― the Lithuanian people, nation

   vācu tauta ― the German people, nation

   tautas izcelšanās ― the origin, ethnogenesis of a nation

   tautas vēsture ― people's, national history

   tautu draudzība ― friendship among nations

   kultūras tauta ― cultured, cultivated nation

   tautas gars ― national spirit (= cultural, spiritual, psychological specificity)

2. (in the genitive, used adjectivally) people's, popular, folk, national (that which is typical or traditional of a nation)

   tautas daiļrade ― folk, national creation, art

   tautas māksla ― folk, popular art

   tautas teikas ― folk legends

   tautas daiļamatniecība ― folk craft

   tautas mūzika, dejas ― folk music, dances

   tautas dziesma ― folk song, verse

   tautas ticējumi ― folk beliefs

   tautas ēdieni ― popular, ethnic food

   tautas tērps ― folk, ethnic costume

   tautas eposs ― folk epic

   tautas medicīna, ārstniecība ― folk medicine

3. people (group of inhabitants of a given area)

   Latvijas tauta ― the people of Latvia

   tautas skaitīšana ― census (lit. people counting)

4. (in the genitive, used adjectivally) popular, people's (that which was made by, is typical of, the people of a certain area; that which defends their interests)

   tautas izglītības sistēma ― popular education system

   tautas fronte ― popular front

5. people (a large number of individuals; people in general)

   mašīnā tagad tautas ir vairāk, visiem sēdvietu nepietiek ― there are more people in the car now, there won't be enough sitting space for all

   viņš gaida, kad sanāks vairāk tautas ― he waited for (the time) when more people would come

   tauta runā, ka tu institūtā tikpat kā neesot redzēts ― people are saying that it's as if you haven't been seen at the institute (= that you haven't been there often enough)

6. (colloquial) people (a group of individuals with some specific characteristic feature)

   zvejnieki ir trūcīga tauta ― fishermen are a poor people

   mēs, mākslinieki, esam nelaimīga tauta ― we, the artists, are an unhappy people

   bērniem, bērniem vajag rakstīt! tā ir vispateicīgākā tauta ― the children, the children must write! they are (lit. that is) the most promising, gratifying people

   kaķi vispār ir tāda tauta, no kuras nezini, ko kurā brīdī sagaidīsi ― cats in general are such a people, from which you don't know what and when to expect

7. (in folklore; usually plural) people from another region, family group, village

   tautu meita ― (lit. daughter of the people) young woman from another region or family group

   tautu dēls ― (lit. son of the people) young man from another region or family group

Declension

	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	tauta	tautas
accusative (akuzatīvs)	tautu	tautas
genitive (ģenitīvs)	tautas	tautu
dative (datīvs)	tautai	tautām
instrumental (instrumentālis)	tautu	tautām
locative (lokatīvs)	tautā	tautās
vocative (vokatīvs)	tauta	tautas

Declension of tauta (4th declension)

Synonyms

• nācija
• tautība

Derived terms

• starptautisks, starptautiskums
• tautība
• tautietis, tautiete
• tautisks, tautiskums

References

1. Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “tauta”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *t(j)autāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂.

Noun

tautà f (plural taũtos) stress pattern 4

1. land, region, country

Declension

	singular (vienaskaita)	plural (daugiskaita)
nominative (vardininkas)	tautà	taũtos
genitive (kilmininkas)	tautõs	tautų̃
dative (naudininkas)	taũtai	tautóms
accusative (galininkas)	taũtą	tautàs
instrumental (įnagininkas)	tautà	tautomìs
locative (vietininkas)	tautojè	tautosè
vocative (šauksmininkas)	taũta	taũtos

Declension of tautà

References

• “tauta”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012

Old Norse

Etymology

Among a class of words with similar beginnings such as þjóta (“to make a whistling sound”), þys (“din, disturbance”), all related to Proto-Germanic *þeutaną (“to roar, howl”).

Verb

tauta

1. to mutter, murmur

Conjugation

infinitive	tauta
present participle	tautandi
past participle	tautaðr
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	tauta	tautaða
2nd-person singular	tautar	tautaðir
3rd-person singular	tautar	tautaði
1st-person plural	tautum	tautuðum
2nd-person plural	tautið	tautuðuð
3rd-person plural	tauta	tautuðu
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	tauta	tautaða
2nd-person singular	tautir	tautaðir
3rd-person singular	tauti	tautaði
1st-person plural	tautim	tautaðim
2nd-person plural	tautið	tautaðið
3rd-person plural	tauti	tautaði
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	tauta
1st-person plural	tautum
2nd-person plural	tautið

Conjugation of tauta — active (weak class 2)

infinitive	tautask
present participle	tautandisk
past participle	tautazk
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	tautumk	tautuðumk
2nd-person singular	tautask	tautaðisk
3rd-person singular	tautask	tautaðisk
1st-person plural	tautumsk	tautuðumsk
2nd-person plural	tautizk	tautuðuzk
3rd-person plural	tautask	tautuðusk
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	tautumk	tautuðumk
2nd-person singular	tautisk	tautaðisk
3rd-person singular	tautisk	tautaðisk
1st-person plural	tautimsk	tautaðimsk
2nd-person plural	tautizk	tautaðizk
3rd-person plural	tautisk	tautaðisk
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	tautask
1st-person plural	tautumsk
2nd-person plural	tautizk

Conjugation of tauta — mediopassive (weak class 2)

Descendants

• Icelandic: tauta

References

• “tauta”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1097”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1097