obstruo

Latin

Etymology

From ob- +‎ struō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈob.stru.oː/, [ˈɔps̠t̪ruoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈob.stru.o/, [ˈɔbst̪ruo]

Verb

obstruō (present infinitive obstruere, perfect active obstrūxī, supine obstrūctum); third conjugation

1. to build before or against; build, block, or wall up; stop up, barricade, render impassable

   Synonyms: claudō, obstō, intersaepio, officiō, premō, assideō, obsideō

2. to obstruct, stop up, hinder, impede

   Synonyms: saepiō, obstō, impediō, arceō, intersaepio, inclūdō, perimō, officiō, comprimō

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.438–440:

     [...] Sed nūllīs ille movētur / flētibus, aut vōcēs ūllās tractābilis audit: / Fāta obstant, placidāsque virī deus obstruit aurīs.

     But [Aeneas] was moved by no tears, and yields to none of the pleas he is hearing: The Fates oppose [it], and a god obstructs the man’s placid ears.

Conjugation

Conjugation of obstruō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	obstruō	obstruis	obstruit	obstruimus	obstruitis	obstruunt
	imperfect	obstruēbam	obstruēbās	obstruēbat	obstruēbāmus	obstruēbātis	obstruēbant
	future	obstruam	obstruēs	obstruet	obstruēmus	obstruētis	obstruent
	perfect	obstrūxī	obstrūxistī	obstrūxit	obstrūximus	obstrūxistis	obstrūxērunt, obstrūxēre
	pluperfect	obstrūxeram	obstrūxerās	obstrūxerat	obstrūxerāmus	obstrūxerātis	obstrūxerant
	future perfect	obstrūxerō	obstrūxeris	obstrūxerit	obstrūxerimus	obstrūxeritis	obstrūxerint
passive	present	obstruor	obstrueris, obstruere	obstruitur	obstruimur	obstruiminī	obstruuntur
	imperfect	obstruēbar	obstruēbāris, obstruēbāre	obstruēbātur	obstruēbāmur	obstruēbāminī	obstruēbantur
	future	obstruar	obstruēris, obstruēre	obstruētur	obstruēmur	obstruēminī	obstruentur
	perfect	obstrūctus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	obstrūctus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	obstrūctus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	obstruam	obstruās	obstruat	obstruāmus	obstruātis	obstruant
	imperfect	obstruerem	obstruerēs	obstrueret	obstruerēmus	obstruerētis	obstruerent
	perfect	obstrūxerim	obstrūxerīs	obstrūxerit	obstrūxerīmus	obstrūxerītis	obstrūxerint
	pluperfect	obstrūxissem	obstrūxissēs	obstrūxisset	obstrūxissēmus	obstrūxissētis	obstrūxissent
passive	present	obstruar	obstruāris, obstruāre	obstruātur	obstruāmur	obstruāminī	obstruantur
	imperfect	obstruerer	obstruerēris, obstruerēre	obstruerētur	obstruerēmur	obstruerēminī	obstruerentur
	perfect	obstrūctus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	obstrūctus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	obstrue	—	—	obstruite	—
	future	—	obstruitō	obstruitō	—	obstruitōte	obstruuntō
passive	present	—	obstruere	—	—	obstruiminī	—
	future	—	obstruitor	obstruitor	—	—	obstruuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		obstruere	obstrūxisse	obstrūctūrum esse	obstruī	obstrūctum esse	obstrūctum īrī
participles		obstruēns	—	obstrūctūrus	—	obstrūctus	obstruendus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		obstruendī	obstruendō	obstruendum	obstruendō	obstrūctum	obstrūctū

Descendants

• Catalan: obstruir
• English: obstruct
• French: obstruer
• Galician: obstruír
• Italian: ostruire
• Portuguese: obstruir
• Sicilian: astrùjiri
• Spanish: obstruir

References

• “obstruo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “obstruo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• obstruo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to obstruct a road; to close a route: iter obstruere
    
  • to barricade a door (a city-gate): valvas (portam) obstruere
    
  • to obstruct a person's view, shut out his light by building: luminibus alicuius obstruere, officere
    
  • to barricade the gates: portas obstruere (B. G. 5. 50)
    

Portuguese

Verb

obstruo

1. first-person singular present indicative of obstruir