arbitror

Latin

Etymology

From arbiter +‎ -ō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈar.bi.tror/, [ˈärbɪt̪rɔr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈar.bi.tror/, [ˈärbit̪ror]

Verb

arbitror (present infinitive arbitrārī or arbitrārier, perfect active arbitrātus sum); first conjugation, deponent

1. to judge, arbitrate
2. to witness, observe
3. to believe, think

   Synonyms: sentio, reor, existimo, cogito, opinor, iudico, censeo, considero

4. to consider, be of the opinion

   Synonyms: considero, reputo, existimo, puto, pendo

   • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Iob.13.24:

     Cur faciem tuam abscondis et arbitraris me inimicum tuum?

     Why hide you your face, and hold me for your enemy?

   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.18:

     Quo nostros postero die pabulatum venturos arbitraretur.

     Where he believed that our [soldiers] would come the next day to forage.

5. to examine, consider, weigh

   Synonyms: aspiciō, cōnsīderō, circumspiciō, reputō, exsequor

Conjugation

Conjugation of arbitror (first conjugation, deponent)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	arbitror	arbitrāris, arbitrāre	arbitrātur	arbitrāmur	arbitrāminī	arbitrantur
	imperfect	arbitrābar	arbitrābāris, arbitrābāre	arbitrābātur	arbitrābāmur	arbitrābāminī	arbitrābantur
	future	arbitrābor	arbitrāberis, arbitrābere	arbitrābitur	arbitrābimur	arbitrābiminī	arbitrābuntur
	perfect	arbitrātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	arbitrātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	arbitrātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	arbitrer	arbitrēris, arbitrēre	arbitrētur	arbitrēmur	arbitrēminī	arbitrentur
	imperfect	arbitrārer	arbitrārēris, arbitrārēre	arbitrārētur	arbitrārēmur	arbitrārēminī	arbitrārentur
	perfect	arbitrātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	arbitrātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	arbitrāre	—	—	arbitrāminī	—
	future	—	arbitrātor	arbitrātor	—	—	arbitrantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		arbitrārī, arbitrārier1	arbitrātum esse	arbitrātūrum esse	—	—	—
participles		arbitrāns	arbitrātus	arbitrātūrus	—	—	arbitrandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		arbitrandī	arbitrandō	arbitrandum	arbitrandō	arbitrātum	arbitrātū

¹The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

Descendants

• Asturian: albidrar
• Catalan: arbitrar
• English: arbitrate
• French: arbitrer
• Galician: arbitrar
• Italian: arbitrare
• Leonese: albidrare
• Portuguese: alvidrar, alvitrar, arbitrar
• Romanian: arbitra
• Spanish: arbitrar

References

• arbitror in Karl Ernst Georges, Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch
• “arbitror”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “arbitror”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• arbitror in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to feel superior to the affairs of life: res humanas infra se positas arbitrari
    
  • to consider a thing beneath one's dignity: aliquid infra se ducere or infra se positum arbitrari
    
• arbitror in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016