여
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: -여
Etymology 1
Sino-Korean word from 女 (“woman”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jʌ̹]
- Phonetic hangul: [여]
Noun
Usage notes
Korean has a number of words equivalent to English "man" and "woman".
- Sino-Korean 남자 (男子, namja, “boy; guy; man”) and 여자 (女子, yeoja, “girl; woman”) are the most common words, but can have a somewhat informal connotation.
- Sino-Korean 남성 (男性, namseong, “male; men”) and 여성 (女性, yeoseong, “female; women”) refer to men and women as groups—though pluralized 남자들 (namja-deul, “the boys; the guys; the men”) and 여자들 (yeoja-deul, “the girls; the women”) is informally more common for this purpose—or to individual adult men and women in formal or polite contexts.
- Sino-Korean 여인 (女人, yeoin, “woman”) is literary. There is no male counterpart.
- The bare Sino-Korean morphemes 남 (男, nam, “male”) and 여 (女, yeo, “female”) is generally used in formal contexts, especially when referring to each gender as a collective but also for male or female individuals in more legalistic contexts. They are commonly written in hanja even when the rest of the text is in pure Hangul script.
- Native 사내 (sanae, “man”) and 계집 (gyejip, “woman”) are not as commonly used. 사내 (sanae) often has a connotation of machismo or manliness, while 계집 (gyejip) has become offensive and derogatory.
Note that in Early Modern Korean (1600—c. 1900) and in contemporary Standard North Korean, Sino-Korean 여 (女, yeo, “female”) is written and pronounced 녀 (nyeo), hence 녀자 (女子, nyeoja), 녀성 (女性, nyeoseong), 녀인 (女人, nyeoin).
Prefix
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 女 for Sino-Korean compounds of 여 (女, yeo).
Etymology 2
Sino-Korean word from 餘 (“remainder”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jʌ̹]
- Phonetic hangul: [여]
Suffix
- (after a Sino-Korean number) -odd; a little more than
- 300여 명 ― sam-baeg-yeo myeong ― three hundred-odd people
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 餘 for Sino-Korean compounds of 여 (餘, yeo).
Etymology 3
Sino-Korean word from 與 (“with; clique”), because it is the side of the executive.
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jɘ(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [여(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Noun
Usage notes
- Usually written in hanja form in news headlines, even in contemporary text otherwise devoid of Chinese characters.
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 與 for Sino-Korean compounds of 여 (與, yeo).
Etymology 4
Sino-Korean word from 汝 (“you”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jʌ̹]
- Phonetic hangul: [여]
Pronoun
- (archaic Literary Chinese-style Korean) you
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 汝 for Sino-Korean compounds of 여 (汝, yeo).
Etymology 5
Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters.
Syllable
여 (yeo)
Etymology 6
Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters in isolation or as the first element of a compound. As the non-initial character of a compound, it is read as 려 (ryeo).
After a North Korean language reform in the mid-twentieth century, North Koreans always pronounce it as 려 (ryeo) in all environments.
Syllable
여 (yeo)
Etymology 7
Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters in isolation or as the first element of a compound. As the non-initial character of a compound, it is read as 녀 (nyeo).
After a North Korean language reform in the mid-twentieth century, North Koreans always pronounce it as 녀 (nyeo) in all environments.
Syllable
여 (yeo)
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